图表及图表类型 0aWb s$FyU
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram GNOC5 E$I
2、各类图表: 9<S-b |!@
表格:table; jq{Ix
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; ]mA?TwD
饼形图:piechart; zn|}YovY+
线形图:linechart 或curve chart K>y+3HN[6
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 7ZZt|bl
1、“数字数据”相关 I]X<L2
(1) the number of sth. @HI5;z
(2) data, statistics, figures Hr$5B2'
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion jQ*Qh
(4) around, over, appropriately &&O=v]6,V
2、表达“上升” ~_%[j8o&l
(1)常见词汇 ?9+;[X
increase → (名词形式increase ) ikQ2x]Sp
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) G<'S
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) JK4 @
go up u2QJDLMJv
注意以下短语数量上的区别: )Pq.kn{Sp
increase by +数字上升到... S[M$>
increase to +数字上升了... o/R-1\Dn
reach to +数字达到... s/V[tEC*z
(2)其他词汇 [z\*Zg
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 lV8Mr6m
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 &!ZpBR(
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 *RPI$0
(3) 地道表达 O);V{1P
double, triple eo!z>9#.
3、表达“下降”
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(1) 常见词汇 Go4l#6
decrease (名词形式decrease ) 9V~yK?
drop (名词形式drop) 0!Yi.'+
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) ;I>`!|mT
decline (名词形式decline ) ~0L>l J
go down vsK>?5{C-
(2)其他词汇 ZYG"nmNd
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 j2+&B9(
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 ,~v1NK*
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 ~jgd92`{z
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 wjkN%lPfvj
4、表达“波动” pxgv(:Tw
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) FXbNmBXF
go up and down YV+e];s
rise and fall !)GPI?{^5
5、表达“保持平稳” rS=6d6@
remain stable (或 remain constant) ;kY=
}=9
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) `| fF)kI
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) K.z@Vx.
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 BzDS
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable bcQ$S;U)
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 {2!.3<#
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady @ ~PL|Pp_
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词”
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1、v. + adv. )pg?Z M9
decline slowly iKu5K0x{>I
grow dramatically 5'X.Z:
fluctuate sharply G*ecM`Bl
2、 adj. + n. &TKB8vx=#
a slow decline #fQStO
a dramatic growth Rt+s\
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a sharp fluctuation q?`bu:yS
a slight increase ^*Sb)tu\ W
a significant increase *edB3!!
3、 on a +adj.+ n hW(Mf
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: F;kNc:X`)
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 5@?P 8
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. .QW89e,O3