英语翻译笔记 !@-g9z
考研翻译的程序 3DO
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1. 划动词,定主谓,明确各分句。 h wfKgsm
2. 缕关系,定词义,按意群翻译。 4 '6HX#J
3. 按逻辑调整语序(意群内部的语序),写中文表达。 2f$6}m'Ad
4. 重组合,删多余,核对和检查。 J'>i3eLq
定语从句的翻译 "V/6 nuCo
定语从句就是起定语作用的从句。代词主要有which,that,who,where等等 5}t}Wc8
定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句两大类 >w"k:O17
在翻译时,限定性定语从句就是把定语前置;非限定性定语从句通常要独立成句。 ^8yhx-mgb
定语从句表示原因,结果,转折等状语关系意思,翻译时要把这种关系表达出来。 564)ha/^(
定语从句的译法有三种:前置定语,独立成句,译成状语从句。 x7]Yn'^'
定语从句在翻译时由于信息量复杂,通常把定语从句从原句中解放出来,译成具有表达能力的独立叙述结构。 !
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一、 定语从句的前置 JH;\wfrD
1995年 sh %snLw
All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of relevant past performance: school grades research productive, sales records, or whatever is appropriate. 72. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error. \L:
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1. 划动词,定主谓,明确各分句。 validated,depends, interpreted. >1Y',0v
2. 缕关系,定词义,按意群翻译。 24
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第一个意群How well the predictions will be validated by later performance
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第二个意群depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used *h>KeIB;
第三个意群and on the skill and wisdom T~rPpi&
第四个意群with which it is interpreted. Z'vGX,:
3. 按逻辑调整语序(意群内部的语序),写中文表达。 f|f9[h'
第一个意群predictions 预测,validated 证实,performance 表现,how well多大程度 D|}%(N@sl
译文:这些预测将在多大程度上会被后来的表现所证实。 I(*4N^9++
第二个意群amount 数量,reliability可靠性,appropriateness适合性,appropriate v 拨款,the information used翻译时将定语前置,所用的信息。 S6r$n
“名词 of 名词”结构的译法:后面的名词整个作为前面名词的定语 Ty21-0F
如 city of Beijing 北京市 =;9*gDf D
depends upon 取决于 <I{)p;u1
译文:取决于所用信息的数量,可靠性以及适合性。 m|)Mc VV
第三个意群 也取决于技巧和智慧。 p<2A4="&
第四个意群 it指代information q7
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此句还原为It is interpreted with the skill and wisdom 9w Pc03a
with 用于第三个意群和第四个意群的译文用来解释信息的技巧和智慧 #mNM5(o
4.重组合,删多余,核对和检查。 w
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全句的译文:这些预测将在多大程度上会被后来的表现所证实,这取决于所用信息的数量,可靠性以及适合性以及用来解释信息的技巧和智慧。 8T:|~%Sw
2002年 K>2
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It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional prescientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. 64) They are the possessions of the autonomous (self - governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning "values." Who will use a technology and to what ends? d+_wN2
1. 划动词,定主谓,明确各分句。动词 are ,are, held ,given \o-
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2. 缕关系,定词义,按意群翻译。 a3wTcp "r
第一个意群They are the possessions of the autonomous (self - governing) man of traditional theory, U}55;4^LX
第二个意群and they are essential to practices SEn-8ZF
第三个意群in which a person is held responsible for his conduct GB1[`U%
第四个意群and given credit for his achievements. <|_/i/H
指代问题 they指代Freedom and dignity 自由和尊严 3McBTa!
3. 按逻辑调整语序(意群内部的语序),写中文表达。 >;N0( xB
第一个意群possess 拥有,占有 possession拥有物,possessions财富 possessive 支配权,控制权 H B+\2jEE
self - governing自我管理 autonomous region 自治区 <n iq*
traditional theory 传统理论 ]wg+zOJu]+
译文:自由和尊严是传统理论所认为的自主人的财富 e~C^*w L
第二个意群essential 必不可少practices做法 U5;
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第三个意群hold responsible for:对。。。负责 S{7*uK
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第四个意群 credit 信任;信用;声望,名誉;赞扬,赞赏 ;?>xuC$
achievements成绩 sjpcz4|K
4. 重组合,删多余,核对和检查。 `B+P$K<