一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 i-'rS/R
(一)医疗、医院、医生
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1 、医生 AK/_^?zA s
① doctor, medical worker NX^%a1D!
② physician 内科医生 ZlHN-!OZp
③ surgeon 外科医生
2L~[dn.s
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 fT-yY`
⑤ intern 实习医生 6Hz45
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 M4rOnIJ
\Ze"Hv
2 、医院 5fK#*(x
① hospital }];8v+M
The specialized hospital 专科医院 /h=:heS4$
The general hospital 普通医院 HY.??
5MH
The community hospital 社区医院 UC)-Fd
The public hospital 公立医院 7tgn"wK
The private hospital 私立医院 }5Yd:%u5
② clinc 门诊
[]D@"Bz
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 m"P"iK/Av(
③ ward 病房 sEj?,1jk
④ medical team 医疗队 _q >>]{5
=FkU:q$
3、 医疗手段 zT[[WY4
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 #WD}XOA
(2) medical treatment 医疗 **L . !/
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 *xxG@h|5
n
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis ~U+SK4SK:o
(5) prevent (v) 预防 d Ybb>rlu
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | _Y'+E
(7) administrate a drug 给药 u?[dy
n
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 yjUSM}$
(9) TCM 中医 >r] bfN,
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 w)o^?9T
(11) medical service 医疗服务 irSdqa/
(12) complain of (v) 主述 k23*F0Dv
(13) health checkup 健康普查 b&BSigrvou
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 [ay~l%x
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; : E`N0UA
&DC
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4 、医疗体制 |7Z7_YWs
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 f(Q-W6
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 nlaJ
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 KN>U6=WN
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 @N?A0S/
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 uop|8n1
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 Q70LQCms
o*7`r ~
5 、医德 Gp.+&\vi
(1 )medical ethics 医德 tZR
%s
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 vzVXRX
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 !\.%^LK1
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 zoYw[YP 9
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 5\Sm^t|Tx
(6 )resolute 果断的 Y>*{(QD
(7 )service quality 服务质量 aW-'Jg=@H^
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people Id3i qAL
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6 、病人 a=3?hVpB
(1 )patient [UN`~
(2 )the sick =H&@9=D*
(3 )the invalid *I7$\0Q
(4) sufferer HY[eo/nM1d
^Wk.D-
(二)疾病 |V#h
"s
1 、 患病的表达方式 ,zmGKn#n2
⑴ suffer from (v ) .
iFd
(2) contract (v ) b=<xzvy
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 .\1{>A
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 _U<sz{6
_:|/4.]`_
2 、必知疾病名称 ][R#Q;y<
heart disease 心脏病 wIT0A-Por4
hypertension 高血压 S7SD$+fX
kidney problem 肾病 <a_Q1 l
stroke 中风 ~$7fU
shock 休克 HS!O;7s'
the blood pressure 血压 J}IHQZS
diabetes 糖尿病 gKK*`
L~
obesity 肥胖 ?Y4$
terminal illness 绝症 {%!.aQ
,
incurable illness 不治之症 :BFecS&i5
cancer 癌症 P)he3
tumor 肿瘤 4?GW]'d
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 Cf#[E~2 4
emergency case 急症 k!Y7Rc{"
serious illness 重症 -A}U^-'a}
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 P~Cx#`#(V
short breath 短气 f,utA3[
syndrome 综合症 U2 0@B`<
complications 并发症 $J8?!Xg
process 病程 S+LE ASOr
bone loss 骨质疏松 V@6,\1#`|
short-sighted (adj)近视 hiKgV|ZD
RtZK2
3、传染病 u*#j;Xc
(1) 感染源 =?Y%w%2
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 t
e
e
(2 )传染疾病 z:C
VzK,
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 )%D2JC
influenza (简)flu 流感 1an?/j,
infection contagion 传染病 tz0_S7h
infectious diseases 传染病 EC*rd
AIDS 艾滋病 E3bS Q
SARS
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(3) 传染 px!lJtvgo
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 tBSHMz
block the channel (v) _=ani9E]uF
disseminate 传播 7v9l+OX,6
cross infection 交叉感染 I7!+~uX
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5 、疾病、病痛 lCmT
m
illness :q6j{C(
sickness H^UuT
disease eJWcrVpn
ailment 7A!E~/nSC
suffering 9b
K K
qY^OO~[
6 、疾病的转归 1=fP68n
(1 )疾病的恢复 M<'AM4
recover recovery tqdw
y.
recuperate S.,om;`
resume TFrZ+CcWp2
recruit 3LT[?C]H$
reinstate E1p?v!
(2) 疾病的恶化 fTn
deteriorate Qx$CoY
aggravate 9 F"2$;
exasperate AF-4b*oB
make worse N@Ie VF
worsen ,MH9e!
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7、其他相关词汇 P2lDi!q|
outbreak and spending sj@B0R=Qo
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 37:\X5)z/
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 !'E{D`A9
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 ^pAgo B
taboo 禁忌 Knd2s~S
speed up blood circulation (v) (`z`ni
improve the cardiac functions (v) 5u(B]_r.
side effects 副反应 D;~c`G
"f
complain of 主述 :%&~/@B
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gpo+-NnG
(三)药物 OQ,KQ\
1 、药物名称 2m$\]\kCUv
medicine Rh%c<</`0s
drug =D 1%-ym
remedy t-, =sV
medicinal herbs )FF3|dZ";K
power ,U-aZ
tablet !KYX\HRW
pill K'Gv+UC*6
0vu$d
xb[
2 、药物用法 .{pc5
eUf
开药 : FZUN*5`
prescribe some medicine for some diseases Y|NL #F
write out a proscription WH@CH4WM
服药 hcQky/c\#b
take a medicine m^6& !`CD
治…的疾病 ;rD
M%S@
a remedy for some diseases @k"Q e&BQ
,};UD
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3 、其他相关词汇 >= G{.H
drug therapy 药物治疗 $i:wS=
w'
side effects 副反应 9e`.H0
drug abuse 药物滥用 tC
4:cX
drugstore 药房 BCrX>Pp}r
over the counter 非处方药 v2vPfb
drug allergy 药物过敏 9>@@W#TK~
drug poisoning 药物中毒 _8-iO.T+2
prescription 处方 v,
=[!=8!
expenses for medicine 药费 oNkASAd
charges for medicine "kYzgi
drug rebate 药品回扣 ZQ&A'(tt4
M9_G
C4Tn
(四)心理疾病 H(MCY3t
1 、心理学专业词汇 ?Re6oLm<B
subhealth 亚健康 nBVR)|+M
psychological benefits 心理健康 U}6FB =
psychological problem 心理问题 a!_vd B
psychological consultation 心理咨询 <c,/+
lQ^
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 -G!W6$Y
mental obstacles 心理障碍 $& 0hpg
psychological massage 心理按摩 ,b&-o?.{
psychology 心理学/ 心理 dG}.T_l
psychotherapy 心理治疗 yq?7!X
psychological expert 心理专家 C4#E N}
#[4Mw M3
2 、情绪词汇 01/?
overcome x/7d!>#;
disappoint BIFuQ?j3
disappointed ))pp{X2m
shy , yf KJpy
flush S$=e %c
frustration isdEs k#A.
failure kpe7\nd=>
willpower :;wb{q$O
optimism C< :F<[H
optimistic FUq>+U!Qu
be sensitive to 5i 6*$#OM_
nervous +npcU:(Kg
tensional %(EUZu2
sad agony pessimism pessimistic ;+) M~2 =
confident confidence zF&>1y.$
stress pressure K3c(c%$<R
depress depressed !k=>Wb8n2
depression depressive ]^='aQ
7_AR()CM
3 、疲劳相关词汇 ,| \62B`
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary m &U
$V
3$R^tY2UU
(五)肥胖与营养 91Cg
1 、营养物质 |_Y[931<
nutrient 营养素 _` %z
protein 蛋白质 B{D!5{t
fat 脂肪 dMA"% R
glucose 葡萄糖 UUxDW3K
vitamin 维生素 HMUn+kk+
sugar 糖类 Iw?M>'l
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 b,?@_*qv+
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 Lv;R8^n
soft drink beverage 软饮料 aB`x5vg7ho
cholesterol胆固醇 n9J.]+@J
=Vgj=19X(
2 、营养与饮食 }y-b<J?H
a well-balanced diet -L9I;]:KY
nutrition 营养 oSb,)k@
nutritional 营养的 Wr \rruH6
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二、医学写作其他常用词汇 F5CV<-jB
);LkEXC_'
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall UMg*Yv%
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase Bn7~ p+N
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; it2@hZc5
4. 食品安全 food safety ToUeXU
[
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies ?i.]|#{Z
6. 应急反应 immediate response to DU6AlNx
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU t
3TnqA
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system ! H)D@,@ &
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care 0@R @L}m
10. 服务体系service system A :
"[dr~.
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene 0Hz*L,Bh4
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. EwSE;R -
13. 清淡的lite :*wnO;eN
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet qb+vptg@I
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN 5feCA ,v7
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 hWGCYkuW
17. 虫媒insect pollination; Pv.z~~lY
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease =sG9]a<I
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; D`=hP(y^
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion ';buS -|6
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" nw3CI&Y`
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission tqY)
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D ni#!Gxw
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate /J8'mCuC.
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness Te`Z
Qqb
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s ;J3az`
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse x\vb@!BZ
28. 相似的akin to=similar to kve{CO*
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – 8=^o2&
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver (,<ti):
31. 血压 hypertension V~y4mpfX
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon N@UO8'"9K&
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 w,
u`06
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ v4}kmH1
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 ]XEkQ
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health GI}h)T
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds RltG/ZI
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations <$s G]l!\
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle ZFy>Z:&S,
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 [{F8+a^
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people %=J<WA6\
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent v>TI.;{y
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from 8phcekh+
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to ~y{(&7sM
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to [o)P
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to rt5UT~
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive G0Wzx)3]
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak EJYfk?(B
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly -`6O(he
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations -b-Pvw4
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon v2 [
l$
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate ,D-VC{lj
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy 4.bL>Y>c
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances 28M!G~|
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance ?\:ysTVu
56. 退休养老金retirement n K"1xtpy
57. 医疗改革health care reform zH8l-0I+$
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity : g/H N9
59. 月经期menstrual period S j3F[C:-zY
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace )K\w0sjR
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care Y[x9c0
62. 安乐死euthanasia Ftj3`
Mu
63. 得绝症的terminally ill ^1U2&S
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! 6sl*Ko[
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient ,%X~/V
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. ;<%~g8:XL