图表及图表类型 ^fhkWx 4i
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram r~sQdf
2、各类图表: 6@J)kV
表格:table; t**o<p#)f
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; 3ms{gZ
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饼形图:piechart; gg QI
线形图:linechart 或curve chart ZJ}|t
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 d1/uI^8>
1、“数字数据”相关 H:`[$
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(1) the number of sth. (Q6}N'T
(2) data, statistics, figures "hXB_73)V
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion 84YZT+TEN
(4) around, over, appropriately Hh0a\%!
2、表达“上升” <rFKJ^ B
(1)常见词汇 ]z5gC`E0
increase → (名词形式increase ) pax;#*QcQ
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) @G0j/@v
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) .RxAYf|
go up Qh@A7N/L
注意以下短语数量上的区别: kV3Z
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increase by +数字上升到... t"]~e"
increase to +数字上升了... Zv)x-48
reach to +数字达到... jwZBWt )5
(2)其他词汇 3*$)9'
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 ^PI8Bvs>j
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 rg{|/ ;imT
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 RE}$(T=
(3) 地道表达 H}B%OFI \+
double, triple G!3d!$t
3、表达“下降” ::A]p@
(1) 常见词汇 %#,EqN
decrease (名词形式decrease ) ]M5w!O!
drop (名词形式drop) ?O<D&CvB
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) %wuD4PRK
decline (名词形式decline ) MUfhk)"
go down I,d5Y3mC
(2)其他词汇 5T4!'4n
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 _r&,n\
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plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 mIX[HDy:V$
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 d~U}IMj
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 yq2pg8%
4、表达“波动” 3/q)%Z^=
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) j"c30AY
go up and down N\9Wxz$
rise and fall =xq+r]g6
5、表达“保持平稳” r1)@ 7Nt
remain stable (或 remain constant) t/TWLhx/
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) aX$Q}mgb
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) yhpeP
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 at-+%e
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable C>:'@o
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 .!pr0/9B
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady U'(@?]2<G
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” }[>X}"_e
1、v. + adv. fT.GYvt`
decline slowly p2/Pj)2
grow dramatically hvO
fluctuate sharply NB|yLkoDyI
2、 adj. + n. t.`&Q|a
a slow decline v?=y9lEH@%
a dramatic growth 34gC[G=
a sharp fluctuation V6ICR{y<3
a slight increase PV\aQO.mo
a significant increase x<fF1];
3、 on a +adj.+ n f"}g5eg+
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: NlG~{rfI
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 3~o#1*->
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. ;LXwW(_6d