图表及图表类型 L_NiU;cr%
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram ^Aq0<
2、各类图表: b1.*cIv}
表格:table; wOl?(w=|
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; akxNT_
饼形图:piechart; 4
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线形图:linechart 或curve chart Ki2!sADd
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 *[3xc*5F/A
1、“数字数据”相关 FM >ae-L-
(1) the number of sth. e
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(2) data, statistics, figures T)rE#"_]{
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion ViPC Yt`of
(4) around, over, appropriately '7-Yo
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2、表达“上升” DK)W
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(1)常见词汇 x84!/n
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increase → (名词形式increase ) [{znwK@
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) R'Sd'pSDN
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) M tN>5k c
go up 51#*8u+L
注意以下短语数量上的区别: ^|]&"OaB
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increase by +数字上升到... 6K/RO)
increase to +数字上升了... _Cmmx`ln
reach to +数字达到... LD$5KaOW
(2)其他词汇 D -}>28
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 ewZ?+G+m
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 |.<_$[v[x
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 #lYyL`B+~
(3) 地道表达 A~zn;
double, triple SeX ]|?D
3、表达“下降” _:x]'w%
(1) 常见词汇 Ss3p6%V/
decrease (名词形式decrease )
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drop (名词形式drop) ~#-?V[
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) nL@'??I1
decline (名词形式decline ) zj
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go down @Jt$92i5PS
(2)其他词汇 wi(Y=?=
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 HiCh:IP7>/
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 )M0YX?5AR
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 DUp`zW;B
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 >O'\
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4、表达“波动” _N DQ2O
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) Od1\$\4Z
go up and down K-qWT7<
rise and fall 0PzSp ]
5、表达“保持平稳” Xs03..S
remain stable (或 remain constant) ``MO5${
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) ah>c)1DA*H
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) c%&,(NJ]K
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 Y}~sTuWU
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable iZGbNN
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 <)qa{,GX\
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady 7Cz~nin>7
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” *zrT;jG
1、v. + adv. u[a-9^&g
decline slowly RdCGK?s
grow dramatically N,`@Q7
fluctuate sharply rZK
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2、 adj. + n. GM|&,}
a slow decline [P2>KQ\
a dramatic growth <spG]Xa<
a sharp fluctuation +17!v_4^
a slight increase Z$z-Hx@%
a significant increase La
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3、 on a +adj.+ n VL#:oyWA
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: #}Qe{4L
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. P@y)K!{Nk
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. 3.movkj