图表及图表类型 Cw~fP[5XMF
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram =|H.r9-PK6
2、各类图表: WLCr ~r^
表格:table; [ic%ZoZ_
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; 'AZxR4W
饼形图:piechart; vZXdc+2l
线形图:linechart 或curve chart
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▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 Fm+V_.H/;
1、“数字数据”相关 \9]-(j6[H
(1) the number of sth. \Npvm49
(2) data, statistics, figures =D)ADZ\<r
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion _!9I
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(4) around, over, appropriately @QF;m
2、表达“上升” 4K,S5^`Gx
(1)常见词汇 P[r$KGz
increase → (名词形式increase ) C#L|7M??;
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) Yh{5O3(;
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) n/YnISt
go up *T:jR
注意以下短语数量上的区别: .p(r|5(b
increase by +数字上升到... LVd
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increase to +数字上升了... o8SP#ET"n
reach to +数字达到... 2m9qg-W
(2)其他词汇 ruy?#rk
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 7?\r9bD
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 fyxc4-D
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 y (=0
(3) 地道表达 f4vdJ5pV
double, triple Fzz9BEw(i
3、表达“下降” 7**zO3
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(1) 常见词汇 He&A>bA)z
decrease (名词形式decrease ) .ZM0
cwF
drop (名词形式drop) -?Cu-'
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) H7f
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decline (名词形式decline ) 5Hs!s+
go down 3M>y.MS
(2)其他词汇 D3y4e8+Z'
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 (A-Uo
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 nWUau:%
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 !"'@c
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 l>)+HoD
4、表达“波动” id]}10
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) l
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go up and down @9\E
rise and fall 2SKtdiY
5、表达“保持平稳” ~xc0Ky?8
remain stable (或 remain constant) 5"D\n B
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level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) <<H'Z
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) 2-^['R
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 {wD "|K
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable "
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 Z-aB[hE
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady :kXxxS
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” 2gnz=
1、v. + adv. ca%XA|_J
decline slowly kZ!&3G9>-
grow dramatically mHNqzdaa
fluctuate sharply SnoEi~Da
2、 adj. + n. N
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a slow decline UQjZhH
a dramatic growth RR>G}u9np
a sharp fluctuation ;$UB@)7%
a slight increase lsVg'k/Z!
a significant increase U"K%ip:Wd
3、 on a +adj.+ n l+?sR<e?!
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: &y ~GTEP
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. P2 +^7x?
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. dV"K
x