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主题 : 考博英语作文原则大全
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楼主  发表于: 2010-02-17   

考博英语作文原则大全

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一、长短句原则 _$c o Y  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: O}Pqbx&  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar. QJ;dw8  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! zHZfp_I  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 V&:x+swt  
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二、主题句原则 [BD`h  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! %'s _ =r`  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! Y Z+G7D>  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 'hU5]}=  
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三、一二三原则 s0 ;a j<J  
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 GJcxqgk$  
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)   xH:L6K/c  
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) ~:7y!=8#  
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) 06^/zr  
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) dV38-IfGkl  
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) AJEbiP  
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) N s0,Z#Z+  
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) }WIkNG4{Z  
8)most important of all, moreover, finally uM1$3<  
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 4E5;wH  
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) @a@}xgn{  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚! }p*|8$#x"  
四、短语优先原则 uthW AT &  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: qA!p7"m|  
I cannot bear it. }wiyEVAh{  
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. S:j{R^$k  
I want it. ,M{G X  
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. < `pNdy4  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 rIFW1`N} i  
五、多实少虚原则 63l& ihj  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。 u>9` ?O44  
再比如: \OkZ\!<hg  
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room ph5{i2U0  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room @!dIa1Q"  
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room =9 ff9 83  
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room I?PqWG!O  
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 5xdeuBEY8  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! hH5~T5?\  
六、多变句式原则 T>% 5<P  
1)加法(串联) /J-'[Mc'D[  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: ,uC-^T |n  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. ]P wS3:x  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: Sk 7R;A  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. ~ |S0E:*.  
其它的短语可以用: lj}3TbM  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover /lUfxc4  
2)转折(拐弯抹角) O>pX(DS L  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 .%n_{ab1  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. ;GG,Z#\m  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. {Cm!5QYy  
更多的短语: 50 Gr\  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding ZT!8h$SE:  
3)因果(so, so, so) AA[1[  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! bT 42G [x  
The snow began to fall, so we went home. &6OY ^6<  
更多短语: ^L $`)Ja  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that _Sd^/jGpU  
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) {7m2vv?Z  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 k@lJ8(i^qU  
举例:This is what I can do. V WZpEi  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. K_L7a>Fr  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: =nCA=-Jv  
When to go, Why he goes away… 3>VL>;75[  
5)附加(多此一举) Kt*b) <  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 g^A^@~M  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. z8a{M$-Q  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. Wo&22,EB  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. X8Z) W?vu  
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 el5Pe{j '  
6)排比(排山倒海句) %!Eh9C *  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! ! N2uJ?t  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you. ib(|}7Je  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides. 0o$RvxJ  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) BEb?jRMjLg  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可! )wjpxr  
七、挑战极限原则 Pq+|*Y<|&  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! b X38=.up  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: b&`~%f-   
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills. ;q-c[TZC  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China. UUWRC1EtI  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! v0) %S  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏: g0biw?  
一、举实例 \,NT5>  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! -n"f>c_{>  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. Nk -xnTZ"  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. *sp")h#Z  
更多句型: 2*`kkS  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, for example FYik}wH]  
二、做比较 D#'CRJh;7  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; HHw&BNQG  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: +/$&P3  
相似的比较: ).,twf58  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner .=}\yYGe   
相反的比较: t5l<Lm)  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, … BIMX2.S1o  
三、换言之 tpzWi W/  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 9mtndTT 5u  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! mgjcA5z  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. =4x6v<  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love with you. F ',1R"/}  
或者上面我们举过的例子: \l0!si  
I cannot bear it. s +S6'g--  
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. 76[ q Fz  
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it. r4FSQ$[9w  
更多短语: ]c_lNHssmq  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply
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