英语词汇讲义

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1、难度系数不好界定 @CmKF  
2、考博要求有较大的词汇量 3^+D,)#D^  
3、可以参考的单词书籍：《如鱼得水背单词》 OpEH4X.Z  
4、借助真题背单词 0>N6.itOz  
5、背单词的核心方法：词根、词缀 }r5yAE  
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词形相近类 5z!$=SFz  
例如： QE\ [EI2  
        A .commerce,     B. commence,    C. comment,     D. commend WqCC4R,-  
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commerce     商业 | :-i[G?n  
comment      评论 c Rq2 re  
commend      赞美 Ey|_e3Lf[  
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例如：并发症 {}$7Bp  
        A .compensation    B. complication    C .contamination   D. contemplation =Nxkr0])!  
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complication          并发症 <ukBAux,D  
compensation        补偿或弥补（经济学） xf]K  
contamination        污染（放射性、化学性） #4msBax4  
contemplation        冥思苦想  S=(O6+U  
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例如： LKu\Mh|  
        A. emit    B. emerge     C. submit     D. submerge ZNX
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emit               发射、发送 GkIY2PD  
emerge          突然出现 3 !@  
submerge      沉入、下沉 H4
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submit           提交、递交、屈服、让步 'rcqy1-&  
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四选项有三项为近义词类 "<!U  
例如： Fm
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        A. fresh    B. evident    C. obvious     D. apparent j<B9
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同一场景类 hJ@vlMW  
例如： faDSyBLo  
       A. parole      B. penalty      C. prosecute      D. charge 0@ Y#P|QF  
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parole               假释、保释 pjWRd_
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penalty             死刑或严重的惩罚 +WH\,E  
prosecute（for）= charge （with） 控告 ky2 bj}"p9  
固定搭配类 o|kykxcq  
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例句： /T w{JO#Q  
      (1) Look, look, who is coming back? Theapple of my eye. E(jZ Do  
      (2)Speaker A: Hey, Marry, how have youbeen lately? I haven’t heard from HL38iXQ( 3  
                            you for ten years.I heard that you still did the same job as ten pM?;QG;jA  
                            years ago. Whathappened to you? 3e_tT8
  
          Speaker B: While, you know, I likewhat I am now. I am not the kind of jf~](TK  
                            person who wants topolish my boss' apple to get ahead。 b(iF0U>&  
1．The day was breaking and people began togo to work so the murderer was unable to ______ of the body. VI0wul~M  
A．dispense          B．dispose          C．discard          D．discharge =@HS  
2．Can you imagine! He offered me 5000 to break my contract.That′s ______ . Of course I didn′t agree. I would take legal action. v/+ <YU  
A．fraud          B．blackmail          C．bribery          D．compensation &9L4 t%As  
3．Her remarks ______ a complete disregardfor human rights. X0lPRk53(  
A．magnified          B．maintained          C．manipulated          D．manifested RY , <*  
4．The unfortunate death of the genius poetcaused ______ loss to this country. )9]a  
A．priceless          B．countless          C．incalculable          D．imaginable T ozx0??)  
5．Before the disastrous earthquake therewas ______ chaos. _f1o!4ocx  
A．massive          B．ominous          C．suspending          D．imminent 9`tK9  
6．On behalf of my company, I am ______ toyou and your colleagues for your generous help. C8U3+ s  
A．subjected          B．inclined          C．available          D．obliged \T7Mt|f:5  
7．The appearance of the used car is ______, it's much newer than it really is. 3Z!%td5n  
A．descriptive          B．indicative          C．deceptive          D．impressive ;*A'2ymXUT  
8．His office is ______ to the President′s;it usually takes him about three minutes to get there. x/*lNG/  
A．related          B．adhesive          C．adherent          D．adjacent yPN'@{ 5#  
9．The none of students in the class likesthe mistress, who is used to being ______ of everything they do. xye-Z\-t  
A．emotional          B．optimistic          C．interested          D．critical @)Qgy}*5  
10．I didn′t know it then, but this disruptiveway of reading started with the very first novel I ever picked up. "-~7lY%  
A．harmful          B．persistent          C．interruptive          D．characteristic st-{xC#N#  
11．The problem is that the loss ofconfidence among the soldiers can be highly contagious. b9bIvjm_  
A．spreading          B．contemptible          C．contented          D．depressing  LgqQr6y"  
12．The sales manager was so adamantabout her idea that it was out of the question for any one to talk her out ofit. AZj&;!}  
A．adaptable          B．anxious          C．firm          D．talkative GEBSUv
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13．Other non-dominant males were hyperactive;they were much more active than is normal, chasing others and fighting eachother. kK6OZhLH  
A．hardly active     B．relativelyactive     C．extremely inactive     D．pathologicallyactive ^HKXm#vAB  
14．While he was not dumber than an ox, hewas not any smarter; so most of his classmates were lenient and helpedhim along. I2Xd"RHN  
A．helpful          B．merciful          C．enthusiastic          D．intelligent rB>ge]$.  
15．Before the construction of the road, itwas prohibitively expensive to transport any furs or fruits across themountains. HW@wia  
A．determinedly          B．incredibly          C．amazingly          D．forbiddingly X
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16．At dusk, Mr. Hightower would sit in hisold armchair in the backyard and wistfully lose in reminiscence of hisyouth romances. -l^<[ %  
A．hopefully          B．reflectively          C．sympathetically          D．irresistibly
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17．The prodigal son spent his money extravagantlyand soon after he left home he was reduced to a beggar. wlS/(:02  
A．lavishly          B．economically          C．thriftily          D．extrovertly 'Y38VOI%  
18．The chimney vomited a cloud ofsmoke. ]Q^)9uE\D  
A．ignited          B．immersed          C．emitted          D．hugged i8]EIXbMX  
19．The rear section of the brain doesnot contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual oremotional faculties. M0V<Ay\%O  
A．advanced          B．growing          C．front          D．back YQMWhC,8hy  
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zebra   斑马 5'2kP{;  
doze    打盹 9*qwXU_aV  
yearling  一岁家畜 1IXtu  
duckling   小鸭子 dlu*s(O"
  
yield屈服,生产 H
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unyielding  不屈不挠的 ?UnQ?F(+G<  
eggshell  蛋壳 &:&'70Ya  
eggwhite  蛋清 C
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yolk  蛋黄 Q,U0xGGz  
yeast  酵母,发酵粉  RGW@@  
x=acec uc oc icien    生产，制造，做 ,H=k5WA4m  
defect  毛病，缺陷 ZW4
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sunsea seed earth 'uL4ezTtA  
sense理智 YWZ;@,W  
sensibility  情感 pMfb(D"  
constitute  组成，构成 ">V1II 7  
constitution宪法 lF}[ YL  
prostitute妓女，糟蹋 VfU"%0x  
destitute   困穷的 zv]ZEWVzc  
semen  精子 yw1&I^7  
insemination  受精 zPt<b!q  
dissemination  传播 ]!/
  
sol  唯一的 6bm7^e(  
solo独奏，独唱 u\\t~<8  
insulin胰岛素 7l* &Fh9;  
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Section A {'b;lA]0  
Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, markedA, B, C, and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET. bRAD_  
Section A __=53]jGE  
Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases markedA, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET. 'Lu<2=a~  
1．we are all overwhelmed with morefacts and information than we can possibly ______ U1 _"D+XB  
A．feed           B．maintain        C．absorb        D．consume BH:A]#_{  
2．pleasure, or joy, is vital to ______health. k]m ~DVS  
A．optimistic     B．optional         C．optimal       D．operational wf8{v  
3．A ______ effort is required toachieve health. 64B.7S88  
A．committed     B．restricted       C．composed  D．sophisticated _3Eo{^  
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4．A person's belief ______ and colorshis experience. -1Q24jrO-  
A．contradicts    B．shapes           C．summarizes    D．exchanges Rqe.=+Q
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5．Many professors encourage studentsto question and ______ their ideas 'K7\[if{  
A．convey         B．voice             C．challenge       D．conform sOhn@*X  
6．You are healthy when are ______your outer and inner environments. _dKMBcl)E  
A．in relation to                       B．with regard to KA2>[x2  
C．in contrast with                     D．in harmony with {H)7K.hQN  
7．Good health is a spirited ______ ofenergy ,smooth skin, strong, supple limbs, and a positive joy in life. p%DU1+SA  
A．texture       B．mix               C．burst          D．peak 1jKpLTSs  
8．The ______ of emotional andpsychiatric disorders that can prompt person to seek therapy is wide. WARiw[  
A．formula        B．coverage          C．interval        D．spectrum u@Hz7Q} P  
9．Work is a ______ of satisfaction. ?lC>E[  
A．measure        B．terminal         C．source         D．resource \Oq2{Sx\
 
10．If you ______ a heart-attack orstroke victim who needs your assistance, your first response should be to staycalm and urge bystanders to call for an ambulance. =Kj{wA O  
A．find out      B．go into           C．pass by        D．come across }m+Q
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11．Today people still don't makehealth a(n) ______ because they have no time. |]G%b[
 
A．privilege      B．issue             C．principle       D．priority T=PqA)Ym  
12．Mental exercise can favorably ______the structure of the brain just as physical exercise can change one's bodilyproportions. 8?Rp2n*o  
A．modify       B．adjust            C．develop        D．contrast (WHgB0{  
13．The distinctions between thedifferent schools and approaches are often very ______ CcQc!`YC  
A．subtle        B．sufficient         C．superficial.     D．superior }u;K<<h:  
14．Despite the limitations of astandard CT, it does a ______ job of picture the internal anatomy of the body. Va )W[I  
A．supreme      B．superb           C．sufficient       D．superfluous _y4O2n[e  
15．The city government is getting itsresidents to properly ______ their garbage. &g;!n&d zP  
A．break up     B．dispose of        C．check out      D．hand out F^GNOD3J  
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Part B r d7p$e=i  
Directions:Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are fourother words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase thatwould best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted forthe underlined part. Mark your answer of the ANSWER SHEET. @T^FOTW  
16．The recent deterioration inthe economy is of great concern to the government. kt6)F&;$  
A．depression   B．deficiency        C．degeneration   D．deformity wN.
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17．A substantial hike in the top rateof income tax would not solve this problem but merely aggravate the nation'salready waning support. Erw1y,mF  
A．depreciating    B．warning          C．declining      D．startlingl ;t0 q ?9  
18．He was not conspicuouslyhairy nor shiny-bald, but his hair was graying and receding tactfully inkeeping with his age. Hs)Cf)8u  
A．prominently.     B．warily            C．consciously    D．conventionally o8X_uKEI  
19．The water company is obliged tomaintain a supply of wholesome water VpJKH\)Rt(  
A．available      B．hydraulic.        C．balanced       D．hygienic. ,ayEZ#4.m  
20．Smoking makes one six times morelikely to get oral cancer partly because the smoke constantly assaultsthe tissues that line the mouth and throat. glLVT i  
A．detects       B．contaminates     C．occupies       D．attacks SMrfEmdH+  
21．Most organisms must fit in withtheir surroundings because their skills to alter their environment arerestricted and highly specialized. u)<]Pb})r  
A．attach themselves to               B．succumb to (iq>]-=<  
C．lean on                             D．adapt themselves to 3RaW\cWzg  
22．Instead of being recycled, garbageis left to accumulate in insanitary heaps which attract flies and spreadinfectious diseases. A,F~*LXm  
A．innocuous    B．gathering         C．filthy          D．inflammable. n~UI47  
23．The prevalence of highlyintelligent devices has eliminated the handicaps associated with mostdisabilities t,r]22I,`  
A．disadvantages     B．dispositions     C．disappointment    D．discomforts WO.u{vW]'
 
24．In general, lasers operate bycreating an intense amount of light and energy which is then convertedinto heat and used to control bleeding or destroy diseased tissue. A'#d:lOA  
A．developed     B．reduced           C．transformed    D．decoded %rrA]\C'  
25．Shyness, the most common form ofsocial anxiety, occurs when a person's apprehensions are so great that they inhibithis making an expected or desired social response.  2yJ{B  
A．discharge     B．trigger            C．restrain        D．defer /K|(O^nw  
26．The secret to turning a dailystroll into a meaningful form of exercise is to pick up the pace. :&wb+tV  
A．dilate         B．multiply         C．accelerate      D．enlarge 4|K\pCw  
27．How many people know that the term “arthritis”may refer to dozens of defferent types of joint involvement? "r46Rfa  
A．disorder      B．knuckle          C．dislocation     D．therapy 9:p-F+  
28．Amokers are more prone toosteoporosis, a major cause of fractures in old people, particularly post-menopausewomen. d/R!x{$-f  
A．reliable       B．liable            C．reasonable     D．compatible k&ooV4#f6  
29．The project was hampered bya constant stream of visitors. ?=9'?K/~a  
A．held up      B．cut off           C．carried out    D．given up 7 0?iZIK _  
30．During the summer sessionthere will be a revised schedule of services for the university community.
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A．term         B．climate           C．heat           D．portion GqHW.s5  
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Section A Ms|c"?se  
Directions: Inthis section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, marked A,B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET. dCi:@+z8  
31．An enormous number of people in theworld's poorest countries do not have clean water or adequate sanitation ______ <kFLwF?PM'  
A．capacities       B．facilities       C．authorities       D．warranties fz^j3'!\  
32．Family-planing clinics give out ______advices to people who have decided to limit the size of their families. 1<G+KC[F  
A．. insensitive     B．interrogative   C．contraceptive     D．communicative os{ iY  
33．Caffeine is the ______ drug thatwill just about get you out of the door on time to catch the bus. J[<Zy^"Y;  
A．miracle          B．myth           C．trick             D．legend -g~+9/;n  
34．Today investigators are still farfrom ______ a master map of the vasculature of the heart. $ztsbV}  
A．constituting     B．decoding      C．drafting          D．encoding ]i#p2?BR  
35．I have never seen a more caring, ______group of piople in my life. VVDN3  
A．emotional       B．impersonal     C．compulsory       D．compassionate W+&5G(z~  
36．By the time I reached my residency,I ______ treated the patient as a whole human being. ]zlA<w8   
A．yearned for      B．broke into     C．pass for          D．made for. O#U maNj/  
37．We now obtain more than two-thirdsprotein from animal resources, while our grandparents ______ only one-half fromanimal resources. i"G'# n~e  
A．originated       B．digested        C．deprived          D．derived :rL%,o"  
38．Obesity carries an increased riskof ______. M<Wi:r:  
A．mortality       B．mobility      C．longevity        D．maternity ~Y x_ 3  
39．The best exercise should requirecontinuous ______, rather than frequent stops and starts. -F
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A．compassion     B．acceleration   C．frustration       D．exertion cp@Fj"  
40．Environmental officials insist thatsomething be done to ______ acid rain. Z i6s0Uck  
A．curb            B．sue            C．detoxify          D．condemn wGti|7Tu*  
Section B AU\=n,K7  
Directions:In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose theone word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence ifit is substituted for the underlined part. Then mark the letter of your choiceon the ANSWER SHEET.
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41．It would be wildly optimistic tobelieve that these advances offset such a large reduction in farmland. 2{h2]F  
A．take in         B．make up       C．cut down        D．bring about 57 q=  
42．To begin with, it is impossible to comeup with a satisfactory definition of what constitutes happy and unhappymarriage. K+`GVmD  
A．explain         B．oppose        C．represent        D．propose <uuumi-!%G  
43．Politicians often use emotionalrather than rational arguments to win the support for their actions andideas. NIQ}A-b  
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A．applicable       B．favorable       C．sensitive         D．reasonable s^zlBvr|.  
44．Tests are one way for a teacher to assesshow much a student has learned. dT0W8oL  
A．observe          B．appraise        C．appreciate         D．induce sg,\!'  
45．Through live television, the worldis now able to witness historical events as they happen. L"'=[O~  
A．reserve          B．confirm         C．perceive           D．transmit 4 ;L|U
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46．Most experts say that the new taxplan will have a negligible effect on the country's economic problems. kx(beaf  
A．indefinite        B．indispensable      C．infinite           D．insignificant j9k:!|(2'  
47．I don't know how you could have leftout the most important fact of all. 0HWSdf|w  
A．omitted          B．fabricated      C．pinpointed        D．embraced rpiuFst  
48．Family and cultural beliefs and normsare important predictors of health-seeking behavior. }K)AjZ  
A．formulations    B．standards      C．principles.       D．notions N 8[rWJ#  
49．There must be a systematic approachto retrieving notes and analyzing them. US)i"l7:H*  
A．regain            B．relieving        C．reversing         D．rectifying p-"C^=l  
50．To study the distribution ofdisease within an area, it is useful to plot the case on a map. KRxJ2  
A．mark            B．allocate       C．erase             D．pose >I S4  
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Part ⅡVocabulary(10%) F qJ`d2E  
Section A q%G
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Directions: Inthis section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, marked A,B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET. 1#N`elm  
31．Sometimes you can get quite ______when you are trying to communicate with someone in English. _t-6m2A  
A．frustrated         B．depressed         C．approved         D．distracted h1q3}-  
32．The company has ______ itself to apolicy of equal opportunity for all. (.$$U3\  
A．promised          B．committed         C．attributed        D．converted K-]) RIM  
33．I haven't met anyone ______ the newtax plan. fa]8v 6  
A．in honor of        B．in search of        C．in place of        D．in favor of Y"t|0dO%b  
34．Salk won ______ as the scientistwho developed the world's first effective vaccine against polio. 2(!W 9#]  
A．accomplishment                         B．qualification \'=svJ   
C．eminence                                D．patent gA=Pz[i)p  
35．This software can be ______ to theneeds of each customer. 06HU6d,  
A．tailored           B．administrated      C．entailed          D．accustomed Uh vy2}w  
36．The average commercial business canshut down in such an emergemcy but a hospital doesn't dare, for lives are ______ "d-vs t5  
A．in circulation      B．under consideration C．on hand          D．at stake ]iTP5~8U
 
37．As we need plain, ______ food forthe body, so we must have serious reading for the mind. #.u&2eyqQ  
A．wholesome       B．diet              C．tasteful          D．edible c k[uvH   
38．He never gave much thought to the additionalkilorams he had ______ lately. 5q4wREh  
A．shown up         B．piled up          C．put on           D．taken on b:9"nALg C  
39．The teacher tried hard to read ______handwriting in her students's test papers. v"2A?  
A．irregular          B．illiterate         C．illegible          D．irrational [|$C2Dhw=  
40．A coronary disease is thewidely-used term ______ insufficiency of blood supply to the heart. >Ch2 Ep  
A．denoting          B．donating          C．relating          D．resorting %d:cC:`  
Section B &iD&C>;pf  
Directions:In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose theone word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence ifit is substituted for the underlined part. Then mark the letter of your choiceon the ANSWER SHEET. : HU|BJ>  
41．Humans are using up the world'snatural riches at an alarming rate. "$5cKbJ  
A．appalling         B．appealing         C．alert             D．abnormal D Q4O  
42．Dring water in many areas of thedeveloping world is contaminated with bacteria． &9gI?b8  
A．purified           B．multiplied         C．tainted           D．blended F'wG%  
43．One of the most noticeable featuresof U. S society is the diversity of its people. nIOSP:'>  
A．liberty             B．democracy        C．variety           D．origin tHqa%  
44．The controversy aboutabortion has been going on in the United States for mor than twentyyears. ]/p>p3@1C  
A．resentment        B．consensus          C．notion            D．dispute y:zNf?6&  
45．As human settlement advance, thetropical forests are retreating and becoming smaller every year. t0<RtIh9e  
A．retrieving         B．sprawling         C．consuming       D．withdrawing ?Z!R  
46．The war's impact on the populationof the country was catastrophic. uQ ]ZMc  
A．influential        B．disastrous         C．apparent         D．criticala L09r|g4Z  
47．His physican told him that not totake much of the drug because it was very potent. cAx$W6
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A．bitter             B．irritant            C．effective         D．powerful Lf.Ia*R:  
48．Certain drugs can cause transientside effects, such as sleepiness. lRS'M,/  
A．permanent         B．residual.      C．irreversible       D．fleeting LGtw4'yr  
49．Nervous illness may stem frombeing treated inconsiderately in childhood. a$iDn_{  
A．complain of       B．give rise to       C．originate in       D．dominate over ,9KnC=_y  
50．Both a person's heredity and hissurroundings help to shape his chacter. :rk6Stn$z  
A．form              B．correct             C．modify           D．improve DgRn^gL{Q  
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Section A Q
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Directions:In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words of phrases, markedA, B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET. ;xFB /,  
31．All the characters in the play are ______. Q`O~f<a  
A．imaginable      B．imaginary        C．imaginative       D．imagining jMX+uYx M  
32．The judge           all the charges against Smith. pL*aU=FjQ  
A．dismissed            B．eliminated      C．refused           D． discarded Te3 ?
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33．The actress ______ the terms of hercontract and was prosecuted by the producer. '19?  
A．ignored               B．ratified          C．drafted              D．violated 'aeuL1mz  
34．At this time of the year,university admission offices are ______ with inquires from anxious applicants. 0Bkc93  
A．annoyed            B．thrilled         C． trampled          D．reproached rNm_w>bq  
35．When the former president ______her candidacy, she knew she had a good chance of being elected. ))X"bFP!3  
A．enforced            B．endorsed          C．follow up          D．put forward ".pQM.T  
36．The country's highest medal was ______upon him for heroism. qx0F*EH|  
A．earned            B．bestowed            C．credited            D．granted |g!$TUS.  
37．The local government leaders aremaking every effort to ______ the problem of poverty. dtG>iJ  
A．tackle             B．taper            C．suppress           D．tangle ,t*H:
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38．At the party we found that the shygirl ______ her mother all the time. 2J)  
A．harmonizing with                             B．clinging to {XC[Ia6jtL  
C．depending on                                 D．adjusting to $EdL^Q2KAy  
39．We managed to reach the top of themountain, and half an hour later we began to ______. 8h=K S   
A．decline               B．ascend             C．descend              D．plunge !
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40．Losing the job was bad, but evenworse was the feeling that I had ______ my dear wife and children. k O.iJcZg  
A．let alone          B．let down        C．let off          D．let up bx-:aC)]2  
Section B JPZH%#E(  
Directions:In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phraseunderlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose theone word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence ifit is substituted for the underlined part. Then mark the letter of your choiceon the ANSWER SHEET. puh-\Q/P  
41．The temperature of the atmospherebecomes colder as elevation increase. +'VYqu/  
A．altitude             B．aptitude          C．latitude          D．longitude 4)XB3$<  
42．She was so stubborn that shewouldn't change her opinions. UQP>yuSx  
A．unwilling            B．talented           C．obstinate            D．determined l?xd3Z@7[  
43．On Christmas Eve, she spent twohours decorating the room with flower chains. CFoR!r:X  
A．modifying            B．ornamenting        C．disposing             D．packing * ]D{[hV  
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44．Nobody can stand for long agonyof a severe toothache. (bB"6 #TI  
A．sufferance      B．suppuration        C．plague                 D．torment ?jvuTS2  
45．When we recall a story of identicaloffspring of Adolf Hitler being raised in order to further his horrible work,we are outaged. ttBqp|.?S  
A．enlightened      B．calmed              C．provoked              D．moved >4+KEK  
46．Only native-born citizens are eligiblefor the US.presidency. .Ep&O#  
A．obliged         B．intelligible          C．competent            D．qualified <qI!Dj{  
47．Tomorrow's match has been calledoff because of the foul weather. ##alzC  
A．prevented          B．delayed            C．cancelled            D．forbidden LEX @hkh  
48．Losing his job was a financial catastrophefor his family. l<7SB5  
A．calamity           B．accident          C．frustration          D．depression qN Ut&#  
49．Children were expected to be obedientand contribute to the well-being of the family. &zP>pQr`#  
A．smart           B．efficient          C．painstaking         D．submissive cVr+Wp7K#|  
50．While many applaud the increasingindividualism and freedom of children within the family, others lamentthe loss of family responsibility and discipline. ov i^bNQ  
A．mourn             B．delight           C．prosecute           D．condemn LPca+o|f  
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