一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 l8FJ \5'M
(一)医疗、医院、医生 R iLl\S#
1 、医生 M0w Uis:`
① doctor, medical worker AioW*`[WjA
② physician 内科医生 mD'nF1o
Ly
③ surgeon 外科医生 uO]D=Z\S(
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 6Qkjr</
⑤ intern 实习医生
UjI./"]O
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 ?>;aD
1kvX#h&V
2 、医院 gy}3ZA*F
① hospital @D;K&:~|N
The specialized hospital 专科医院 z\m$>C|
The general hospital 普通医院 v 6
U!(x
The community hospital 社区医院 6Cy Byj&
The public hospital 公立医院 |HycBTN#E
The private hospital 私立医院 GrLxERf
② clinc 门诊 =MqEbQn{C3
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 -s0SQe{!_
③ ward 病房 rN&fFI
④ medical team 医疗队 g$uiwqNA%
!
v![K
3、 医疗手段 zeMV_rW~
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 c +]r
(2) medical treatment 医疗 >Lcu
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 lf(+]k30
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis 'l/l]26rO4
(5) prevent (v) 预防 &>c=/]Lop
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | 2?ue.1C
(7) administrate a drug 给药 GG#-x$jK
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 usc/DQ1
(9) TCM 中医 E/H9#
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 L"YQji!
(11) medical service 医疗服务 1Lf -
(12) complain of (v) 主述 c^_+<C-F
(13) health checkup 健康普查 q}_8iDO6
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 gkK(
7=r%
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; ^
h_rE
|c
:30daKo
4 、医疗体制 I_B%F#X)
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 &DQ_qOKD
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 3x(Y+
ymP
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 CM~x1f *v
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 /\ fR6|tJ
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 ."Pn[$'.
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 &LV'"2ng8
}Q[U4G
5 、医德 9F3aT'3#!
(1 )medical ethics 医德 + $M<ck?Bo
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 uaD+G:{[
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 #+i5'p(4
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 ?z.
Z_A&
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 &|IO+'_
(6 )resolute 果断的 hB'rkjt
(7 )service quality 服务质量 pvWNiW:~k
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people ;qzn_W
DW,Z})9
6 、病人 VaonG]Ues
(1 )patient ./tZ*sP:
(2 )the sick r{*Qsaw
(3 )the invalid r"|do2s
(4) sufferer 9r:|u:i7m
7#H
Se#0J
(二)疾病 ;<MHl[jJD
1 、 患病的表达方式 4Qi-zNNB
⑴ suffer from (v ) 6XAofN/5f
(2) contract (v ) &G-dxET]
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 ^c}kVQ\g3
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 n-?zH:]GG{
X~*/ ~f
2 、必知疾病名称 cI6Td*vM
heart disease 心脏病 tI0D{Xrc
hypertension 高血压 G[d]t$f=
kidney problem 肾病 1Fsa}UK
stroke 中风 'v(b^x<ZS
shock 休克 do.XMdit
the blood pressure 血压 f(EO|d^u
diabetes 糖尿病 ~A(^<
obesity 肥胖 T0o0_R
terminal illness 绝症 Fbw.Y6
incurable illness 不治之症 n482?Wp
cancer 癌症 (V}?y:)
tumor 肿瘤 #8WHIDS>
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 B;<zA' 1
emergency case 急症 RRpCWcIv"
serious illness 重症 Gg^gK*D
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 I#(?xHx
short breath 短气 |QyZ:`0u
syndrome 综合症 ,y)V5
c1
complications 并发症
+^$E)Ol
process 病程 TOx@Y$_9Q8
bone loss 骨质疏松 =>e>
r~cW
short-sighted (adj)近视 ka$la;e3
qjN*oM,
3、传染病 ?{1& J9H
(1) 感染源 h\|T(597.
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 ?0d#O_la
3
(2 )传染疾病 /9ZU_y4&3f
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 5[`f(;
influenza (简)flu 流感 1Uc/r>u9
infection contagion 传染病 Y";KWA}b
infectious diseases 传染病 *3(mNpi{_
AIDS 艾滋病 1 l-Y)
SARS Md*.q^:
(3) 传染 C|S~>4`
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 2zkOs:
block the channel (v) &Y2Dft_K
disseminate 传播 pE{Ecrc3|
cross infection 交叉感染 -T>i5'2)
}k@SmO8
5 、疾病、病痛 OyIIJ!(
illness H
;)B5C
sickness }(9ZME<(
disease |+Tq[5&R
ailment Oh,]"(+
suffering Bk/&H-NI
C/q!!
6 、疾病的转归 jaQH1^~l/-
(1 )疾病的恢复 *_K*GCy
recover recovery /sdZf|Zl
recuperate 7Q?^wx
resume vU9:`@beu
recruit b[ ~-b
reinstate 4-oaq'//BT
(2) 疾病的恶化 T _fM\jdI
deteriorate H'&[kgnQ@
aggravate '%y;{,g*
exasperate $t0JfDd6Ky
make worse Sv!JA#Ag
worsen
U|x#'jGo'
l_Zx'm
7、其他相关词汇 XJ7pX1nf
outbreak and spending I8uFMP
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 ~nApRC)0
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 `i<Z<
<c>
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 >~_)2_j
taboo 禁忌 Z}.ZTEB
speed up blood circulation (v) `UTUrM
improve the cardiac functions (v) w1eFm:'
side effects 副反应 ~ 7<M6F
complain of 主述 <,D*m+BWn
^!gq_x
1x%B`d
(三)药物
w"C,oo3
1 、药物名称 ?$l|];m)-
medicine SYa
O'c
drug D}Sww5ZmP
remedy ,e$6%R
medicinal herbs -+0kay%
power 4]6-)RHFB
tablet <_#2+7Qs
pill 5lM2nhlf'b
4u+0 )<
2 、药物用法 W1EYVXN
开药 : MdmN7>
prescribe some medicine for some diseases Gr#3GvL
write out a proscription V@[C=K
服药 e['<.Yf+
take a medicine 5~j#Z (}u
治…的疾病 D:/
q<<|
a remedy for some diseases @\o"zU
|Wjpnz
3 、其他相关词汇 UtP|<]{
drug therapy 药物治疗 cvG*p||
side effects 副反应 M X8|;t
drug abuse 药物滥用 v?Utz~lQ
drugstore 药房 <f M}Kk
over the counter 非处方药 0Qq<h;8xEc
drug allergy 药物过敏 ~$J(it-a
drug poisoning 药物中毒 *tgu@9b
prescription 处方 8|)^m[c&
expenses for medicine 药费 O9p s?{g
charges for medicine P^Owgr=Y
drug rebate 药品回扣 &lLfVa-l
=$fz</S=J
kS8?N`2}LV
(四)心理疾病 ir/uHN@
1 、心理学专业词汇 mfN'+`r
subhealth 亚健康
S#?2E8
psychological benefits 心理健康 q\]X1N
psychological problem 心理问题 f!`?_
psychological consultation 心理咨询 [&PF ;)i
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 rpK&OR/
mental obstacles 心理障碍 }b&lHr'Uw
psychological massage 心理按摩 .8u@/f%pV
psychology 心理学/ 心理 t`+A;%=K]
psychotherapy 心理治疗 HyVV,q^E
psychological expert 心理专家 w9G|)UDib
"(7y%TFt:
2 、情绪词汇 gTXpaB<
overcome 6]Hwr_/tk
disappoint K F_fz
disappointed |HD>m'e
shy , +w^,!gA&
flush Sb /?<$>
frustration XGR2L
DR
failure
pE)NSZ
willpower jJ$B^Y"4
optimism ?J2A1iuq3
optimistic 8%#8P
LB2
be sensitive to 6r<a
nervous R+Hu?Dv&F
tensional rM
,e
$
sad agony pessimism pessimistic @)6b
confident confidence RTcxZ/\"#
stress pressure UpG DLb f^
depress depressed eyD V911
depression depressive 7s
xX?u
hi1Ial\Y
3 、疲劳相关词汇 sX%n` L
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary )OV0YfO
q>2bkc GY#
(五)肥胖与营养 4@
1 、营养物质 = UH3.
nutrient 营养素 e.n(NW
protein 蛋白质 Q%JI-&K
fat 脂肪 <u!cdYo@
glucose 葡萄糖 T?pS2I~
vitamin 维生素 smf"F\Ws
sugar 糖类 W7qh1}_%
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 M,]|L c h
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 \~
D(ww
soft drink beverage 软饮料 xak)YOLRV
cholesterol胆固醇 6eV#x%z@v'
9=>fx
2 、营养与饮食 vV}w>A
p[
a well-balanced diet 'I]XX==_
nutrition 营养 xs{pGQ6Q
nutritional 营养的 I%3[aBz4
ljKIxSvCFp
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 Tlw'05\{J
Al-`}g+^
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall 3v8LzS3@
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase UHZuH?|@
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; %!<Y
4. 食品安全 food safety v-1}&K
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies entU+O r
6. 应急反应 immediate response to G4)~p!TSQ
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU W;vNmg}mn
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system Oidf\%!mvR
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care m{/7)2.
10. 服务体系service system A YZol4q|ic
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene o`bc/3!
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. xlI=)ak{
13. 清淡的lite &9yZfp
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet >+2&7u
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN FZHA19Kb
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 Xh9QfT ,
17. 虫媒insect pollination; r_T)|||v
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease l(t&<O(m9
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; -o ).<
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion ]\(8d[4
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" X6Ha C+P
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission M>AxVL
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D K
gL!~J
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate kaBjA*
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness B~]Kqp7yU
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s =X$ ieXq|
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse }p)K6!J0
28. 相似的akin to=similar to /R#zu_i
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – {9x_E {
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver 86ao{l6l C
31. 血压 hypertension GY~$<^AK
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon c!6D{(sfh
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 &.)=>2
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ <:S qMf
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 m^A2
8X7
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health o4Q?K.9c
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds
f{sT*_at
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations sZ `Tv[
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle tLE8+[
SU
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 R/hf"E1
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people eM7@!CdA9q
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent oRV}Nz7hr
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from xGd60"w2
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to {:X'9NEE
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to iE%" Q? Q/
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to i5e10@Q{
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive &[E\2 E
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak R5HT
EB
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly
QPlU+5Cx
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations ptCF))Zm'
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon I68u%fCv
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate E_,/)U8
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy .LzA'q1+z
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances %cF`x_h[j
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance sI>w#1.m/&
56. 退休养老金retirement n
rj4@
57. 医疗改革health care reform
4_#$k{
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity =EJ&=t
59. 月经期menstrual period S Jh"[ug
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace !0{SVsc)
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care Jqoo&T")
62. 安乐死euthanasia -E-#@s
63. 得绝症的terminally ill DV5hTw0
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! ETDWG_H |
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient `z!AjAT-G
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. h:Pfiw]