一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 n$iz
(一)医疗、医院、医生 d4tVK0
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1 、医生 C5FtJquGN)
① doctor, medical worker -K4RQ{=>UZ
② physician 内科医生 l-rI|0D#
③ surgeon 外科医生 7="V7
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 +q!6zGs.
⑤ intern 实习医生 $TiAJ}:
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 ,0O!w>u_]J
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2 、医院 $@X,J2&
① hospital 54-x 14")
The specialized hospital 专科医院 nLQJ~("
The general hospital 普通医院 L;;x%>
The community hospital 社区医院 [;}c@
The public hospital 公立医院 ? IWS
The private hospital 私立医院 ,;g:qe3D$
② clinc 门诊 LBzpaLd
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 dBkB9nz
③ ward 病房 a&JAF?k
④ medical team 医疗队 wP'`!O[W
BehV
:M
3、 医疗手段 m`|+_{4[n
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 #frhO;6
(2) medical treatment 医疗 1E(pJu'K
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 -HOCxR
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis =0A{z#6
(5) prevent (v) 预防 R_ csKj
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 |
)+J?(&6
(7) administrate a drug 给药 >2ct1_
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 D6D*RTi4
(9) TCM 中医 =1D*K%
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 '7$v@Tvnre
(11) medical service 医疗服务 /dO&r'!:
(12) complain of (v) 主述 RZ -w,~
(13) health checkup 健康普查 t]V)3Ww
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 Mc.KLz&,FC
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; *op7:o_
YWTo]DJV
4 、医疗体制 R,(^fM
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 dX<UruPA
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 ;@sxE}`?g
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 lps
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 9F3`hJZRy>
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 sQR;!-j
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 #df Aqg
'
xx%WIY:}
5 、医德 y};qo'dlt
(1 )medical ethics 医德 H`fkds
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 luV%_[F
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 -WEi
Y
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 4((Z8@iX/
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 D0uf=BbS
(6 )resolute 果断的 ]SK (cfA`
(7 )service quality 服务质量 l.C{A
r
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people b
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bMgp
6 、病人 t#kmtJC
(1 )patient
X!r!lW
(2 )the sick 7GKeqv
(3 )the invalid -6#i~a]
(4) sufferer N$p O] p
WpRi+NC}ln
(二)疾病 InRn!~_N
1 、 患病的表达方式 x}72jJ
e`
⑴ suffer from (v ) K&Zdk (l)
(2) contract (v ) H,] D}r
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 B,}%1+*
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 )\p@E3Uxf
QD7>S
(p
2 、必知疾病名称 C!v0*^i
heart disease 心脏病 8>
Gp #T
hypertension 高血压 AQ@A$
kidney problem 肾病 >pz/wTOi
stroke 中风 P
Ox~m
shock 休克 X
ig%Q~oMp
the blood pressure 血压 nbhx2@Teqe
diabetes 糖尿病
;p1%
KmK3
obesity 肥胖 0W#.$X5
terminal illness 绝症 UIbV
tJ
incurable illness 不治之症 ptYQP^6S[
cancer 癌症 -x5^>+Y4
tumor 肿瘤 t4h5R
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 E9QNx62
emergency case 急症 lLoFM
serious illness 重症 u]CW5snz
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 SbrBlP:G
short breath 短气 9
bGN5.5
syndrome 综合症 7RTp+FC]
complications 并发症 %;9wToyK>
process 病程 P7<~S8)Y
bone loss 骨质疏松 ;%hlh)k$
short-sighted (adj)近视 i$ "B
zd"o #(sv
3、传染病 jja9:$#
(1) 感染源 -.i1l/FzP
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 :W
8DgL>l
(2 )传染疾病 YM/^-[k3
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 s3Y
\,9\
influenza (简)flu 流感 f
\[Z`D
infection contagion 传染病 f4CwyL6ur
infectious diseases 传染病 pX*Oc6.0mu
AIDS 艾滋病 \c_1uDRoUn
SARS n<y!@p^X
(3) 传染 N@)tU;U3O
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 LH3PgGi,
block the channel (v) x$ ?{)EY
disseminate 传播 ^t?
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cross infection 交叉感染 IH'DCY:
Tr-gdX ;
5 、疾病、病痛 Cj31'
illness MX xRM~
sickness Ud\Jc:DG
disease CT6a
ailment Wu,'
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suffering bWW$_Spr
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6 、疾病的转归 #y~^!fdp9
(1 )疾病的恢复 >s1'I:8
recover recovery CY<,p$
recuperate 0~<d<a -@
resume fj[B,ua
recruit 1t
WKH
reinstate 0-oR
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(2) 疾病的恶化 qHt!)j9GKv
deteriorate SYOND>E
aggravate KLGhsx35
exasperate mA|!IhM
make worse >sv|
worsen !i&
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7、其他相关词汇 z)='MKrEt-
outbreak and spending H-K,Q%;C@
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 :<YcV#!P
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 h3$.`
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the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 : |#Iw
taboo 禁忌 AkrUb$ }
speed up blood circulation (v) .cdm@_Ls
improve the cardiac functions (v) {'4h.PB+r
side effects 副反应 ? "]fGp6y
complain of 主述 n_Px=s!1p@
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(三)药物 H[#s&Fk2
1 、药物名称 qOVs9'R
medicine `VCU`Y
drug axW3#3#`
remedy uvz}qH@j/Q
medicinal herbs TK<~(Dk
power $m] ~d6
tablet =|O`al
pill .%j(!
^o}!=aMr
2 、药物用法 qMD 6LWJ
开药 : OiH
tobM
prescribe some medicine for some diseases s7e)Mt
write out a proscription D ksSD
服药 *xR;}%s\
take a medicine M/C7<?&
治…的疾病 Sr Z\]
a remedy for some diseases Is&z~Xy/
NXb_hF
3 、其他相关词汇 <ek_n;R
drug therapy 药物治疗 2mN>7Tj:
side effects 副反应 6C@,&2<yK
drug abuse 药物滥用 8gwJ%"-K
drugstore 药房 JYB"\VV
over the counter 非处方药 6<jh0=$
drug allergy 药物过敏 )X2=x^u*U
drug poisoning 药物中毒 5m{!Rrb
prescription 处方 t<s:ut)Q!
expenses for medicine 药费 HEH Tj,T
charges for medicine %>Z;/j|#r
drug rebate 药品回扣 >ly`1t1
]Tk3@jw+b
d7s? c
(四)心理疾病 +M-x*;.
1 、心理学专业词汇 !i=LQUi.
subhealth 亚健康 aHx(~&hRcL
psychological benefits 心理健康 I@IZ1
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psychological problem 心理问题 _V\rs{
5
psychological consultation 心理咨询 %B+W#Q`
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 (8DJf"}
mental obstacles 心理障碍 8JxJ>I-9p
psychological massage 心理按摩 )N h67P3X"
psychology 心理学/ 心理 |hms'n0
psychotherapy 心理治疗 [r,a0s
psychological expert 心理专家 X+zFRL%
B1dVHz#
2 、情绪词汇 T\
7z87Q
overcome 2@K D
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disappoint *ue-
x!"c
disappointed A;~lG3j4
shy , QHOA__?
flush / blVm1F
frustration sXHrCU
failure NAd|n+[d
willpower zAT7^q^
optimism A[lbBR
optimistic m(MPVY<X
be sensitive to }uWIF|h~
nervous (gN[<QL
tensional $HVus=D"
sad agony pessimism pessimistic _<tWy+.
confident confidence y/U(v"'4U
stress pressure %04N"^mT'~
depress depressed #[ZF'9x
depression depressive Ay?KE{Qs '
ZlaU+Y(_[
3 、疲劳相关词汇 {OFbU
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary .m--#r
0*!CJ;%N
(五)肥胖与营养 f#4,2Xf
1 、营养物质 R9
=K/
nutrient 营养素 I*,!zym
protein 蛋白质 V>"nAh]}.
fat 脂肪 po
J7q (
glucose 葡萄糖 zadn`B#2
vitamin 维生素 :r5DR`Rfm
sugar 糖类 3FWl_d~uD
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 )6K Q"*
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 l#40VHa?S
soft drink beverage 软饮料 fP|rD[
cholesterol胆固醇 )ro3yq4??
y"N7r1Pf
2 、营养与饮食 ryhme\%l;f
a well-balanced diet }^T7S2_Qy
nutrition 营养 6yDc4AX
nutritional 营养的 f~U~f}Uw4
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二、医学写作其他常用词汇 z^@.b
[V vTR#^
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall >F@qFPN]
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase bCv=Uo,+6
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; Pv mmyF
4. 食品安全 food safety n^} -k'l
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies YH_mWN\Wu
6. 应急反应 immediate response to nIRJ5|G(
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU h$F.(N IYe
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system .Vohd@s9l
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care 0D x,)C
10. 服务体系service system A
G9`;Z^<L
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene tyEa5sy4
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. HR.^
y$IE
13. 清淡的lite Z*AT &7
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet }}R?pU_
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN nFRU-D$7
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 ]4{ )VXod
17. 虫媒insect pollination; DC&3=Nd
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease Qs38VlR_m
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; d|P,e;m-
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion .G ^-.p
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" H@+1I?l
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission 7H$I9e
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D &.m.ruab
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate JJIlR{WY_
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness fX
^hO+f
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s }9Th`
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse &dH[lB
28. 相似的akin to=similar to & bKl(,
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – 9<e%('@[
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver eD(;Wn
31. 血压 hypertension l
x'^vK% F
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon Li'>pQ+
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 S'%|40U
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ [NxC7p:Lo
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 Oc6_x46S4
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health f3>L/9[[<P
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds 1BjMVMH
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations '3p7ee&
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle ^vj}
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 !J6;F}Pd/
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people r_x|2 AoO
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent )Ja&Y
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from W0I)< S
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to H
@'f=Y*D
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to TQ,KPf$0U
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to {^T_m)|n
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive A6?!BB=]
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak >p`ZcFNs"
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly V JJ6q
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations KLBX2H2^0
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon ^.p
d'
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate W=S<Dt
G2
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy fvi8+3A&
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances rqi/nW
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance obz|*1M?
56. 退休养老金retirement n WAUgbImc{
57. 医疗改革health care reform @2;/-,4O
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity bzWWW^kNL
59. 月经期menstrual period S -<{;.~nI.
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace cuoZ:Wh
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care 6Bf aB:
62. 安乐死euthanasia *DcB?8%
63. 得绝症的terminally ill nJhaI
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! J3z:U&%=
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient #/0d
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. mHF?t.y