考博英语翻译汉译英题目中由于文化上的差异，有时直译原文就会使读者感到费解，甚至误解。这时，就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己鲜明文化色彩的表达法对原文加以归化。归化翻译法常用于处理某些英语成语、典故、形象词语等一类文化色彩较浓的表达方式。恰倒好处地归化可以使译文地道简洁、生动活泼，便于读者理解和接受。下面freekaobo给大家展示一些用到归化法的例子，希望考博生们活学活用。 @ {8x L
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as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠 .KE2sodq
(在西方文化中，兔子是胆小的象征，而在我国，兔子却象征着机警敏捷。人们常说：“静若处子，动若脱兔。”鼠在我国才是胆小的象征，所以翻译时直接加以归化。) k0-,qM#p;X
at a stone's throw一箭之遥 H,U qU3b3
wet like a drown rat 湿如落汤鸡 [214b=
as stupid as a goose 蠢得像猪 yyu f
as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛 ?L6ACi`9
seek a hare in a hen's nest 缘木求鱼 !8OUH6{2
as dumb as an oyster 守口如瓶 F$>^pw
lead a dog's life 过着牛马一样的生活 t+ O7dZt%r
cry up wine and sell vinegar 挂羊头，卖狗肉 ~ (d#T |ez
put back the clock 开倒车 F7qQrE5bl
talk horse 吹牛 N^B
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kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵 EyPF'|Qtn
drink like a fish 牛饮 3']=w@~ O[
(1) Once the wife of a parson， always the wife of a parson. aG/L'we
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嫁鸡随鸡，嫁狗随狗。 NW@guhK .
(2)One boy is a boy， two boys half a boy， three boys no boy. X4:SH> U!
一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。 rQD7ZN _ R
(3) I was limp as a dish rag. My back felt as through it had been beaten with wires. gjhWoZV
我软得像一团棉花，脊背疼痛得好像被钢丝抽打过一样。 ,daZ K
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(原文中limp as a dish rag，如直译为“像洗碟布一样柔软”，既不地道，又让人产生一种较恶心的感觉，不如用汉语中常说的“软得像一团棉花”加以归化。) {w|KWGk2
(4) Everybody said how well the new Secretary was doing， but old Mr. Carr said shortly，“Yes. New brooms sweep clean.” tD !$!\`O
人人都说新任秘书干得好，但卡尔老先生却简慢地说：“新官上任三把火。” lhhp6-r
(原文new brooms sweep clean的字面意思是“新扫把扫得干净”，比喻“新任职的人干得好”，和汉语中的“新官上任三把火”异曲同工，貌离神合。) ] {'lV~fc
(5) Among the blind the one-eyed man is King. k=qb YGK
山中无老虎，猴子称霸王。 5Rec~&v
(6) Last night I heard him driving his pig to market. U `<?~Bz
昨夜我听到他鼾声如雷。 dGBVkb4]T
(7) Who would have thought of Mr.Mottram doing so well? And so many of his friends，too， that used to stay here? We were entertaining angels unawares. 60&4?<lR4
谁知道摩特兰先生干得那么出色?还有他那许多朋友，原来都住在这儿的，谁知道呀?我们真是有眼无珠。 aw8q}:
(8) It was， as Bill afterwards expressed it， “during a moment of temporary mental apparition”， but we didn't find that out till later. CN F3".a
恰如后来比尔说的那样，那阵子简直是“一时鬼迷心窍”.不过，我们直到后来才明白了这个意思。 t|y`Bl2
(apparition在原文中是鬼魂或幽灵出现的意思。mental apparition直译是“心中有鬼”，这就很容易给人造成误解，因此需要多少将原形象适当地转换一下。) G Za <
(9) They will be ice-skating in hell the day， when I vote the aid for them. WF0[/ Y
要我投票赞成给他们援助，除非太阳从西边出来。 0"to]=
(ice-skating in hell如译成“在地狱里滑冰”就很难为中国读者所理解和接受。) *wetPt)~v_
(10)。 “Until her husband won the pools， she was the most commonplace， dowdy， illiterate creature imaginable，but now that she dresses herself up like a society queen and nearly always remembers to sound her aitches， people are already beginning to forget what she was like before. >X!A/; $
”Fine feathers make fine birds.“ V[N4 {
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”过去没有比她更平平常常、无知无识而又邋邋遢遢的了，自从她男人赢得全部赌注以后，她打扮得象个社交皇后，总是记住发H的音，人们开始忘记她以前是什么样子了。“ S
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”人靠衣裳马靠鞍嘛。“ O'}
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(11) I'd much rather see her once or twice and not do anything about it——what could I do about it anyway? She's a bit out of my class， don't you think? If I did try to do anything， I'd only get sent off with a flea in my ear. 49m} ~J=*
我宁愿见她一两面就算了──我还能干什么呢?你没看到她和我不怎么相称吗?我要干点什么，也只会碰一鼻子灰。 XKq}^M&gy
(原文a flea in one's ear的字面意思是”耳朵上有个跳蚤“，用来比喻”讥讽的话，刺耳的话“.send sb. off with a flea in one's ear意思是”用讥讽的话气走某人“，与汉语”碰一鼻子灰“意思相近，但如译为”用讥讽话气走某人“，则过于平淡，远不如”碰一鼻子灰“生动、俏皮。) >m;
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(12) He was so fond of talking that his comrades nicknamed him ”magpie“. p&~= rp`E
他如此唠叨，同伴们给他起了个 ”麻雀“的外号。 O A9G]
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(英语中 ”喜鹊“ 喻义 ”唠叨、饶舌“，但在汉语中 ”喜鹊“ 却象征着 ”喜事、吉祥“，而 ”麻雀“ 表示 ”唠叨、饶舌“，所以用归化法。) XY1e eB-
(13) There's a people's court waiting for him. His God-damned head is going to be separated from his God-damned neck. '6&a8 &:
人民法庭正等着他。狗头就要和狗脖子分家呢。 &^4 E )F
(原文God-damned意为”该死的“，但如译成”该死的头“、”该死的脖子“远不如”狗头“、”狗脖子“痛快。) z1u1%FwOfM
(14) I'm a diplomat， a linguist， altogether a bespectacled cream puff.
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我是个外交官，一个语言学家，总而言之，是个戴眼镜的银样邋枪头。 8P#jC$<
(原文cream puff的字面意思是”奶油松饼“，比喻”中看不中用的人“，和汉语中的”银样邋枪头“意思相近。但如直译成”奶油松饼“，则不易为汉语读者所接受。归化后，既能保存原意，又能为汉语读者所接受。) ') -Rv]xe
K^'NG!
采用归化时，要避免走极端，不要用汉语民族文化色彩太浓的词(如：历史人物、地理名词等)来归化英语习语，否则译文会让人感觉不伦不类。 xEfz AJ5&
(1) Beauty lies in lover's eyes. $WV N4fg
情人眼里出美人。 c<gvUVHIxR
(此处就不宜归化为具有浓厚汉语文化色彩的 ”情人眼里出西施“.译者怎能把中国古代美女西施搬到西方作品中去呢?) ~3u'=u9l
(2) Many heads are better than one. yj48GQ
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一人不及众人计。 ( f*0Wp;
(此处就不宜归化为具有浓厚汉语文化色彩的 ”三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮“.如把历史人物诸葛亮搬到西方作品中去，总让人感到不伦不类的。) z
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(3) Never offer to teach fish to swim. XvIrO]F-
不要教鱼儿游泳。 OYs G#
(此处也不宜归化为具有浓厚汉语文化色彩的 ”不要班门弄斧“、 ”不要关公面前耍大刀“.) GukS =rC9
