图表及图表类型 Dj$W?dC"^
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram CNRiK;nQ
2、各类图表: ROfr
表格:table; UB7H`)C}
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; YJ[Jo3M@j0
饼形图:piechart; FhyA_U%/nF
线形图:linechart 或curve chart &8^1:CcE
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 R/UL4R,)^
1、“数字数据”相关 9"RGf 1]
(1) the number of sth. -Z/'kYj?U
(2) data, statistics, figures iO?Sf8yJ:
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion TM1D|H
(4) around, over, appropriately a|s
64+
2、表达“上升” 3|FZ!8D
(1)常见词汇 ncy? w
e
increase → (名词形式increase ) Z%uDz3I\Q"
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) w&E*{{otJ
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) 5{@Hpj/B
go up K#LG7faj
注意以下短语数量上的区别: !]v &/
increase by +数字上升到... ~1`ZPLVG
increase to +数字上升了... a=!I(50
reach to +数字达到... L9FijF7
(2)其他词汇 ?[ts<Ltp
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 > 10pk
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 2\:z
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 |4XR [eX
(3) 地道表达 ^z^ UFW
double, triple f/&k$,
w
3、表达“下降” G \S >H
(1) 常见词汇 xzRs
;AXOp
decrease (名词形式decrease ) ^6Std
x_
drop (名词形式drop) R4R SXV
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) hSvA
dT]m
decline (名词形式decline ) w<uK-]t
go down k$hNibpkt
(2)其他词汇 (M5{y`Kk
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 r:&"#F
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 aC&ZV}8of
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 V`n;W6Q17
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 bwm?\l.A
4、表达“波动” wM^_pah#Y5
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) gyI(O>e
go up and down LE|*Je3a
rise and fall B~0L'8WzW
5、表达“保持平稳” iZVMDJ?(Z]
remain stable (或 remain constant) mh#dnxeR
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) CFW\
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) G*;}6 bj|?
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 9P3jx)K
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable %("Bq"Q8
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 1D0
_k
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady ohdWEU,
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” pLFJ"3IJB
1、v. + adv. C6XTId=y#_
decline slowly Vs1j9P|G
grow dramatically y1JxAj
fluctuate sharply a:oZ5PX=
2、 adj. + n. +P7A`{Ae
a slow decline ]to"X7/
a dramatic growth w>IYrSaa>
a sharp fluctuation Dj<]eG]
a slight increase ?Jlz{ms I
a significant increase U8Pnt|0 M
3、 on a +adj.+ n /`3^?zlu"
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: r@xMb,!H
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. r@&d88U:
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. C^@.GA