图表及图表类型 2<`gs(oxXe
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram ^(E"3 c
2、各类图表: 6)tB{:h&~0
表格:table; >[A65q'
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; oyi7YRvwd
饼形图:piechart; [wXwKr
线形图:linechart 或curve chart eSQzjR*
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 9-X{x95]
1、“数字数据”相关 i-K"9z|)
(1) the number of sth. s[vPH8qb
(2) data, statistics, figures 6Zl.Lh
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion %_%f#S
(4) around, over, appropriately wfU&{7yt
2、表达“上升” URmAI8fq*M
(1)常见词汇 cq@_*:~Or
increase → (名词形式increase ) $Hl+iF4j<
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) JsWq._O{/
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) GDNh?R
go up 8VAYIxRv
注意以下短语数量上的区别: 6x (L&>F
increase by +数字上升到... {m*V/tX
increase to +数字上升了... 5pKvNLy.t
reach to +数字达到... q|Pt>4c5?
(2)其他词汇 b0zxT9
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 Ok~W@sYST
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 :+?W
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 &ttv4BC^r
(3) 地道表达 XYxm8ee"j
double, triple c|!A?>O? i
3、表达“下降” 8KL_PwRX_f
(1) 常见词汇 7gdU9c/q,
decrease (名词形式decrease ) &xiDG=I#
drop (名词形式drop) -'p@ lk
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) r
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decline (名词形式decline ) tci%=3,)
go down &T|&D[@
(2)其他词汇 5{d9,$%8&
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 U<,Kw6K
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 %&=(,;d
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 G=bP<XF
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 V^$rH<
4、表达“波动” {i%xs#0h
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) F#}1{$)%
/
go up and down K9qEi{[
rise and fall Vw;ldEdx
5、表达“保持平稳” :!iPn%
remain stable (或 remain constant) kj3o
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level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) vb"dX0)<
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) 1={Tcq\]
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 g=YiR/O1QN
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable R$;&O.
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 =Z>V}`n
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady ]-5jgz"
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” 5 *pN<S
1、v. + adv. ;Y|~!%2~
decline slowly i(f;'fb*
grow dramatically f~" V
fluctuate sharply .iN*
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2、 adj. + n. ]zq_gV8k
a slow decline }B
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a dramatic growth d,rEEc Y
a sharp fluctuation C.B}Py+
a slight increase aCi^^}!
a significant increase ^'I5]cRa
3、 on a +adj.+ n $E,DxDT
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: )4_6\VaM
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. <&0*5|rR
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. rUpAiZfz >