介词短语在句中分析与翻译的实例

1．You can already buy small video telephones，with builtin-screen and cameras，that transmit still images over regular telephone lines to anyone else with avideo telephone． C &~s<tcn  
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  现在已能买到小型的电视电话机，机上装有屏幕和摄像机，可以通过平常的电话线把静止的图像传送给任何一个有电视电话的人。(with．．．canleras用作独立定语，修饰telephones。) /BQB7v
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  2．The scientific worker attempts to formulate these problems in accurate terms and to solve them in the light of all the relevant facts that can be collected by observation and experiment． T)lkT?  
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  科学工作者力图精确地描述这些问题，然后根据通过观察和实验收集到的有关事实来解决这些问题。(介词短语in accurate terms作方式方法状语，说明to formulate。in the light．．．experiment作方式方法状语，说明tosolve。) sg9  
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  3．The atom is analogous to a miniature solar system，with a nucleus as the“sun''’and electrons as the“planets''’revolving in orbits around the nucleus．   E]c0+rh~  
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  原子类似于一个小型太阳系，原子核可看作“太阳”，电子可看作是沿轨道绕着核旋转的‘行星”。 (analogous to， “与……相似”。with a nucleus as．．，and(with) electrons as．．．是 with引出的复合结构，用来对solar system作补充说明。) >XJUj4B|X  
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  4．The unit of heat on the c．g．s．system is the calorie，which is established as the amount of heat required to raise one gramme of water by one degree centigrade． 7fXta|eP0  

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  热的厘米·克·秒制单位是卡，将1克水升高摄氏1度所需的热量定为1卡。(c．g．s．system=centimeter-gramsecond system，“厘米·克·秒制”。介词短语on．．．system作定语，修饰unit。 6mmc{kw'  
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  5．Sometimes the individual crystals，with plane faces and sharp edges and corners，are visible to the naked eye,and sometimes they can be seen only under a microscope． E RjMe'q4  
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  单晶有时用肉眼就能看得到，有时只有在显微镜下才能看得见，这种单晶有着平的晶面和锐利的棱角。(with plane faces．．．corners是介词短语用作独立定语，修饰crystals。) h'.B-y~c  
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  6．Modern Japan and other Oriental countries are emerging with the irresistible urge for better standards of living and anovel， powerful role in the world’s economy． DCKH^J   
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  在不可阻挡地迫切要求提高生活水平和在世界经济中发挥新的、强有力的作用的驱使下，现代的日本和其他东方国家正在崛起。(with．．．economy有条件状语的意味，用来修饰emerging。)   `Sal-|[Cv[  
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  7．Liquids，however，are highly incompressible；that is，very large pressures，of the order of thousands of tons per square inch，are required to diminish their volumes appreciably． s)G?5Gz  
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  但是，液体是非常不易压缩的；要明显地压缩液体的体积，就需要巨大的压力，其数量级达每平方英寸几千吨。(介词短语of the order．．．inch是独立定语，修饰pressures。) g\1|<jb3  
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  8．One suggestion has been the use of mixtures of two different types of insecticide，with the idea that one of them should eliminate the individuals resistant to the other． 1D1qOg"LE  
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  有一种设想是使用两种不同类型的混合杀虫剂，其想法是如果害虫对其中之一有抗药性，那么另一种就能杀死它。(介词短语with the idea一．the other作two types of insecticide的定语，对它作补充说明。that引导的从句作idea的同位语。resistand to the other是形容词短语作individuals定语。) 4"veqrC  
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  9．The side of Mercury which is turned away from the sun remains in eternal darkness，with a temperature only a few degrees above absolute zero． 8^67,I-c  
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  水星背向太阳的那一面，却永远处于黑暗之中，那里的温度仅比绝对零度高几度。(with a temperature above对the side of Mercury补充说明。) +F*h\4ry#  
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10．No distinction can be drawn between pure and applied science in terms of differences in the training or competence of workers， or in organization， or in method，or even in the immediate outcome of the work． g3 Oro}wt6  
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  不能根据工作人员的训练程度和资格、组织机构、研究方法甚至研究工作的直接成果等方面的差别来划分理论科学与应用科学的界线。(between．一science作定语，修饰distinction。in terms of．．．作状语，说明can be drawn。) LtUvFe  
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  11．An object with at least one easily measurable property which changes apprecially while the obiect is coming to thermal equilibrium may be used as a temperature-measuring device，or thermometer．  q]U!n  
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  当一种物质进入热平衡时，至少具有一种变化显著因而易于测量的特性，这种物质可用来作为测温装置，即温度计。(with一．equilibrium用作定语，修饰An object。) *5{1.7  
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  12．If we could go on an imaginary journey from the surface to the centre of a star such as the Sun，we would find a steady increase in temperature and pressure． #lc6-
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  如果我们能从像太阳这样的恒星的表面到其中心作一次想像的旅行，我们会发现温度和压力将持续不断地增加。(from．．．to．．．the Sun用作定语，修饰journey。) R x(
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  13．The fact that a compass needle assulnes a northsouth direction leads to the conclusion that the earth must be a magnet， with the space all around it constituting a huge magnetic field． KuW>^mF(I  
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  指南针指向南北方向这一事实可导出这样的结论：地球必定是一个磁体，地球周围的所有空间构成了一个巨大的磁场。(句中两个that引导的都是同位语从句。with．．．field是分词复合结构，起补充说明作用。) D_1O4/  
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14．The second aspect is the application by all members of society，from the government officials to the ordinary citizen，of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work。 TI\xCIH  
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  第二方面涉及从政府官员到普通公民等所有社会成员运用科学家在工作中所用的思维和行动的特定方法。(from．。．to．．．作非限定性定语修饰members。by和of所引导的两个介词短语均修饰the application，of．．．短语被两个介词短语分隔开了。) ,I ][  
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15．Chemistry has two main aspects：descriptive chemistry，the discovery and tabulation of chemical facts；and theoretical chemistry，the formulation of theories that，upon verification，unify these facts and combine them into a system。 t1"#L_<e  
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  化学有两个主要方面：叙述性化学，即化学事实的发现和制表；理论化学，即对化学理论的系统阐述，根据验证把化学事实统一起来，从而归纳成一个体系。(the discovery．．．facts是descriptive chemistry的同位语，the formulation．．．a system是theoretical chemistry的同位语，其中that引出定语从句，upon verification用作状语。) %vm_v.Q4)  
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  16．Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two bodies and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them．   FpU8$o~r{  
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宇宙中每一物体都以一引力吸引另外的每一物体，该引力与两物体质量的乘积成正比，而与两物体之间的距离平方成反比。(with a force．．．是状语，说明attracts。directly proponional to．．，“与……成正比”；inversely proportional to．．，“与……成反比”。这两个形容词短语用来说明force。) P9f`<o  
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17．For an ltalian contemplating anything from paying his taxes to getting a peddler''s license or collecting an old age pension，the nation''s million-man bureaucracy is a nightmare。 :$,MAQ'9  
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  对意大利人来说，无论打算做什么事，从纳税到申请零售商执照或领取老年人的退休金， 全国上百万个官僚主义者真令人不寒而栗。(For．．。pension介词短语是nightmare“恶梦”要 求的。例：It was a nightmare for me。from...to...pension作定语修饰anything。) H,5]w\R6\  
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  18．Scientists in the U．S. , Western Europe and Japan are pushing hard toward astill much-in-the-future optical computer that uses photons rather than electrons for number-crunching efficiency． KX
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  美国、西欧和日本的科学家们正在全力以赴地研制那种更富光明前景的光子计算机，该机将利用光子而不是电子来提高数据处理的效率。(use．．．for．．，用……来……) RR ^7/-  
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  19．With the invention of the electromagnetic generator in the latter part of the nineteenth century，it became possible to convent the energy of burning fuel to electricity which could then be transmitted to distant points for Use． 9jqsEd-SW  
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  19世纪末叶，由于发明了电磁发电机，从而有可能把燃烧燃料而获得的能量转变为电能，然后再输送到遥远的地区使用。(convent．．．to．．·，把……转变为……。) _UP
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  20．If a piece of rock，of anything else，one inch in diameter were magnified to the size of the earth，its constituent atoms would become about the size of tennis balls．

同题,问楼主?

为啥有的文章不能复制呢？

请问版主： #N|\7(#~u  
怎样复制才能不出现乱码啊？？？！！！！！

好的！很好的的啊！！！

66.You should also learn as much about chemistry as possible from your own experience in the laboramry and from your observations of chemical substances and chemical reactions in everyday life． c%H' jB[  
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    你们也应该从你们自己的实验室经验中，从你们日常对化学物质和化学反应的观察中学习更多的化学方面的知识(1earn．．．from．．， “从……学……”。句中两个from均为learn要求的。) i]8O?Ab>?  
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    67．You will notice that specific gravity is always the ratio of two weights，and so it is a pure number，such as 3 or 5．25，with out any unit associated with it． !fOPYgAGKn  
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你们将注意到，比重总是两个重量之比，因而它是一个纯数，譬如3或5．25，无需给它。 Sd7jd?#9'  
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定义任何单位。(without．．it是分词复合结构，有结果的意味。) y`I>|5[`  
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    68．With the increased productionmade possible by the assembly line，automobiles became much cheaper，and more and more people were able to offord them． jn(x-fj6R  
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  由于装配线所带来的增产，汽车价格便宜多了，买得起汽车的人越来越多。 (介词短语with…用作原因状语。) j.E=WLKV*  
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  69．Today physicists find that light has the characteristics of both waves and particles with one aspect sometimes predominating and sometimes the other． t.P@Ba^  
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物理学家现在发现，光具有波粒二重性，有时波动性起主要作用，有时粒子性起主要作用。(with。．．the other是分词复合结构，在句中作补充说明。) 6tKrR{3#A  
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  70．It is amatter of common observation that a body A cannot exert force on a second body B without B at the same time exerting force on A． !M^O\C)  
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    这是我们通常都能观察到的情况：如果物体B没有同时对物体A施加作用力，那么物体A也不能对B施加作用力。 (without引导的介词复合结构为条件状语，用来说明谓语cannot exert。) gAAC>{Wh  
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    71．Without the sun's light warming the earth's surface，it would be so terribly cold that life could not exist． e=i X]%^  
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  如果没有阳光来加热地球的表面，地球就会变得非常寒冷，使得生命无法生存。(without引导的复合结构，在句中起条件状语作用。) 8t!jo.g  
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  72．Just as the length and cross-section of the pipe affect the flow of water so it is with conductors of electric current． ^4`aONydl  
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  正如管道的长度和截面会影响水流一样，导体对电流的影响也是如此。(with表示关系和范围，有“关于”，“对”，“就”之意。) HE&)N clY  
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  73．Water vapor may vary from almost nothing to as much as 4％ and is not usually included with the other constituents which，in terms of global averages，do not vary significantly． ~4fE`-O  
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(大气中)水蒸气的含量是变化的，从近乎为零到多达4％，通常不与其他成分一起计算，根据总平均值来看，其他成分的含量变化不大。(句中with表示事物之间的关系。参看上句。) 5zK,(cF0-  
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  74．This atom，with 92 electrons spinning about the closely packed and complex nucleus，is the element uranium，which seems to be the most complicated of the natural atoms． z"f@iJX?2  
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  这一有着92个电子围着又密集又复杂的原子核旋转的原子，就是元素铀。它似乎是天然原子中最复杂的原子了。(句中with引出的是一个介词复合结构，作定语，修饰atoms。)

56．Weather is a product of many pLysical factors operating in and on the troposphere with the principal ones being the unequal heating of the earth's surface by the sun and the rather rapid rota tion of the planet on its axis． -=
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  天气是许多自然因素在对流层中起作用并对其施加影响的结果，其中太阳对地球表面加热不均等和地球自转比较快则是主要的因素。(with引导的复合结构作定语，用来修饰factors，ones代替factors。)
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  57．It is the village which suffers most，for it is not easy to break the traditional bonds uniting agriculturist families to families of craftsmen，nor to dispel the idea that some one who follows the traditional calling of this caste is acting in a more“suitable" way than some one who takes up a different occupation． pVc+}Wzh  
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  乡村受害最大，因为从事农业家庭与从事手工业家庭的传统结合是很难分割的。此外，一些人认为一个人遵照等级制度的传统职业来办事要比从事不同的职业更为"合适”，这种想法也很难去掉。 (his．．．which为强调句型，强调主语the village．原句是简单句，The village suffers most．for是连词，“因为”。uniting．．．to，“把……与……连接”，是分词短语作定语修饰bonds。nor连词，连接两个并列成分，把to break．．．和to dispel．．．两个不定式短语连接起 来。that．．．occupation为同位语从句，用来揭示idea的概念内涵。calling意为“职业”，与occupation相呼应。ina．．．way，“以……方式”。) UN'n~d@~  
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  58．Forging and press-production methods of shaping metal are of tremendous importance in machine-building in general，and in automobile and tractor industry in particular． nYSe 0w  
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  金属成形的锻压加工方法，一般在机器制造业、特别是在汽车和拖拉机工业中具有重大意义.(be of...“具有”。in general，“通常”；in particular，“特别”，这两个短语介词在句中作插入语用。) y@!M<#SEzG  
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  59．In fact, in the nineteeth century people used to make gardens in the shape of aclock face，with different flowers opening at different times． +vy fhw4  
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在19世纪，人们常常把花园做成钟盘形，不同的花在不同的时间开放。 (with引导的复合结构有定语的意味，用来对the shape of a clock进行修饰。) yD~,+
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60．The modern scientific method Was born with Galileo in the 17th century；however，the development of the natural sciences began to gain speed only in the latter part of the 18th and the early part of the 19th centuries． u0L-xC$L  
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  现代科学方法产生于17世纪的伽利略时代；然而，只是在18世纪后期和19世纪初期，自然科学才开始迅速发展。(with Galileo．．．century有表示时间与空间范围之意，这里是表示时间即伽利略时代。) y2I7Zd .  
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  61．All of the atoms of an element contain the same number of protons in their muclei， and the atoms of one element differ from those of all other elements in the number of protons so contained． hiS|&5 #  
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  同一种元素的所有原子的原子核中含有的质子数都是相同的，而一种元素的原子与其他一切元素的原子的不同点，就在于它们含有的质子数不同。(AdiffersfromBinC．A与B在C方面是不同的。句中in the number．．．是differ要求的。) 0:v!'  
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  62．The kinds of evidence for the roundness of the world that led finally to its general accep tance included such data as the shape of the shadow of the earth on the moon during an eclipse of the moon，the fact that as one sails from port on a ship the building of the port gradually seem to sink below the surface of the water，and，most convincing，the fact that it is possible to sail all around the world and return to the starting point of the voyage． <}J!_$A  
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  最终为人们普遍接受的有关地球是圆形的种种论据，包括：月蚀时地球投在月球表面的阴影形状；当人们乘船离开港口时，港口的建筑物似乎逐渐沉入水下；而最令人信服的是，人们环绕地球航行时，有可能又回到原来的起航点。(The kinds为主句中的主语，谓语是included。 n>}Y@{<]/  
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介词as引导三个并列同位语：shape，the fact，the fact，说明data。在两个fact后的that都引出同位语从句。) (%fQhQ  
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  63．The technological breakthrough and the lndustrial Revolution brought with them a mastery of food production and control of infectious disease that reduced the normal death-rate to below 1.5 per cent． w80
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技术革新和工业革命促进了食品生产，控制了传染病的流行，这使人口正常死亡率降到1.5％以下。(to below是双重介词，reduce．．．tobelow，“降到……以下”。)   jOV6%  
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  64．There are a few specially designed homes that are heated primarily by the sun but there is no practical and economic means for converting solar energy directly into that great convenience，electricity． ,w~3K%B4  
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  现在已有一些专门设计的住宅主要利用太阳能取暖，但还没有一种实用和经济的办法把太阳能直接转化为便于使用的电能。(介词短语for．．．electridty用来修饰means。，oonverting．．．into，“把……转化为……”。) hA ){>B<;  
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  65．A balance consists of an arlTl balanced at its middle， with known weights hung on one hand and the object whose weight is to be found on the other． ;((t|  
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  天平由一个在中央平衡的臂组成，已知重量的砝码挂在平衡臂的一端，而把要称出重量的物体挂在平衡臂的另一端。 (分词短语balanced at its middle用来修饰arm。with...weights hung…是介词复合结构，用来对balance作补充说明，过去分词known作定语，修饰weights。hung是hang的过去分词。) C[,h!  
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56．Weather is a product of many pLysical factors operating in and on the troposphere with the principal ones being the unequal heating of the earth's surface by the sun and the rather rapid rota tion of the planet on its axis． (LK@w9)i;  
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  天气是许多自然因素在对流层中起作用并对其施加影响的结果，其中太阳对地球表面加热不均等和地球自转比较快则是主要的因素。(with引导的复合结构作定语，用来修饰factors，ones代替factors。) &Z~_BT  
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  57．It is the village which suffers most，for it is not easy to break the traditional bonds uniting agriculturist families to families of craftsmen，nor to dispel the idea that some one who follows the traditional calling of this caste is acting in a more“suitable" way than some one who takes up a different occupation． P.>fkO1\  
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  乡村受害最大，因为从事农业家庭与从事手工业家庭的传统结合是很难分割的。此外，一些人认为一个人遵照等级制度的传统职业来办事要比从事不同的职业更为"合适”，这种想法也很难去掉。 (his．．．which为强调句型，强调主语the village．原句是简单句，The village suffers most．for是连词，“因为”。uniting．．．to，“把……与……连接”，是分词短语作定语修饰bonds。nor连词，连接两个并列成分，把to break．．．和to dispel．．．两个不定式短语连接起 来。that．．．occupation为同位语从句，用来揭示idea的概念内涵。calling意为“职业”，与occupation相呼应。ina．．．way，“以……方式”。) Z><+4 '  
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  58．Forging and press-production methods of shaping metal are of tremendous importance in machine-building in general，and in automobile and tractor industry in particular． U>kaQ54/  
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  金属成形的锻压加工方法，一般在机器制造业、特别是在汽车和拖拉机工业中具有重大意义.(be of...“具有”。in general，“通常”；in particular，“特别”，这两个短语介词在句中作插入语用。) kR1 12J9P  
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  59．In fact, in the nineteeth century people used to make gardens in the shape of aclock face，with different flowers opening at different times． R[j'<gd.  
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在19世纪，人们常常把花园做成钟盘形，不同的花在不同的时间开放。 (with引导的复合结构有定语的意味，用来对the shape of a clock进行修饰。免费靠泊论坛) dgQ<>+9]6  
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60．The modern scientific method Was born with Galileo in the 17th century；however，the development of the natural sciences began to gain speed only in the latter part of the 18th and the early part of the 19th centuries． CNV^,`FX  
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  现代科学方法产生于17世纪的伽利略时代；然而，只是在18世纪后期和19世纪初期，自然科学才开始迅速发展。(with Galileo．．．century有表示时间与空间范围之意，这里是表示时间即伽利略时代。) V,B ol(wY  
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  61．All of the atoms of an element contain the same number of protons in their muclei， and the atoms of one element differ from those of all other elements in the number of protons so contained． Z9MU%*N  
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  同一种元素的所有原子的原子核中含有的质子数都是相同的，而一种元素的原子与其他一切元素的原子的不同点，就在于它们含有的质子数不同。(AdiffersfromBinC．A与B在C方面是不同的。句中in the number．．．是differ要求的。) L09r|g4Z  
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  62．The kinds of evidence for the roundness of the world that led finally to its general accep tance included such data as the shape of the shadow of the earth on the moon during an eclipse of the moon，the fact that as one sails from port on a ship the building of the port gradually seem to sink below the surface of the water，and，most convincing，the fact that it is possible to sail all around the world and return to the starting point of the voyage． R m_+kp@\  
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  最终为人们普遍接受的有关地球是圆形的种种论据，包括：月蚀时地球投在月球表面的阴影形状；当人们乘船离开港口时，港口的建筑物似乎逐渐沉入水下；而最令人信服的是，人们环绕地球航行时，有可能又回到原来的起航点。(The kinds为主句中的主语，谓语是included。 _b)Ie`a.H  
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  63．The technological breakthrough and the lndustrial Revolution brought with them a mastery of food production and control of infectious disease that reduced the normal death-rate to below 1.5 per cent． `.~*pT*u  
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技术革新和工业革命促进了食品生产，控制了传染病的流行，这使人口正常死亡率降到1.5％以下。(to below是双重介词，reduce．．．tobelow，“降到……以下”。)   D#,A_GA{A  
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  64．There are a few specially designed homes that are heated primarily by the sun but there is no practical and economic means for converting solar energy directly into that great convenience，electricity． Q4L7{^[X  
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  现在已有一些专门设计的住宅主要利用太阳能取暖，但还没有一种实用和经济的办法把太阳能直接转化为便于使用的电能。(介词短语for．．．electridty用来修饰means。，oonverting．．．into，“把……转化为……”。) 8X? EB6=c  
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  65．A balance consists of an arlTl balanced at its middle， with known weights hung on one hand and the object whose weight is to be found on the other． &-
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  天平由一个在中央平衡的臂组成，已知重量的砝码挂在平衡臂的一端，而把要称出重量的物体挂在平衡臂的另一端。 (分词短语balanced at its middle用来修饰arm。with...weights hung…是介词复合结构，用来对balance作补充说明，过去分词known作定语，修饰weights。hung是hang的过去分词。) L|'B*  
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56．Weather is a product of many pLysical factors operating in and on the troposphere with the principal ones being the unequal heating of the earth's surface by the sun and the rather rapid rota tion of the planet on its axis． Osy_C<O  
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  天气是许多自然因素在对流层中起作用并对其施加影响的结果，其中太阳对地球表面加热不均等和地球自转比较快则是主要的因素。(with引导的复合结构作定语，用来修饰factors，ones代替factors。) !@arPN$  
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  57．It is the village which suffers most，for it is not easy to break the traditional bonds uniting agriculturist families to families of craftsmen，nor to dispel the idea that some one who follows the traditional calling of this caste is acting in a more“suitable" way than some one who takes up a different occupation． 0q]0+o*%  
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  乡村受害最大，因为从事农业家庭与从事手工业家庭的传统结合是很难分割的。此外，一些人认为一个人遵照等级制度的传统职业来办事要比从事不同的职业更为"合适”，这种想法也很难去掉。 (his．．．which为强调句型，强调主语the village．原句是简单句，The village suffers most．for是连词，“因为”。uniting．．．to，“把……与……连接”，是分词短语作定语修饰bonds。nor连词，连接两个并列成分，把to break．．．和to dispel．．．两个不定式短语连接起 来。that．．．occupation为同位语从句，用来揭示idea的概念内涵。calling意为“职业”，与occupation相呼应。ina．．．way，“以……方式”。) S C}@eA'  
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  58．Forging and press-production methods of shaping metal are of tremendous importance in machine-building in general，and in automobile and tractor industry in particular． eq<!  
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  金属成形的锻压加工方法，一般在机器制造业、特别是在汽车和拖拉机工业中具有重大意义.(be of...“具有”。in general，“通常”；in particular，“特别”，这两个短语介词在句中作插入语用。) i;juwc^n}  
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  59．In fact, in the nineteeth century people used to make gardens in the shape of aclock face，with different flowers opening at different times． K7nyQGS  
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在19世纪，人们常常把花园做成钟盘形，不同的花在不同的时间开放。 (with引导的复合结构有定语的意味，用来对the shape of a clock进行修饰。) hp2$[p6O  
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60．The modern scientific method Was born with Galileo in the 17th century；however，the development of the natural sciences began to gain speed only in the latter part of the 18th and the early part of the 19th centuries． 7QoMroR  
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  现代科学方法产生于17世纪的伽利略时代；然而，只是在18世纪后期和19世纪初期，自然科学才开始迅速发展。(with Galileo．．．century有表示时间与空间范围之意，这里是表示时间即伽利略时代。) !DF5NAE  
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  61．All of the atoms of an element contain the same number of protons in their muclei， and the atoms of one element differ from those of all other elements in the number of protons so contained． $ \o)-3  
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  同一种元素的所有原子的原子核中含有的质子数都是相同的，而一种元素的原子与其他一切元素的原子的不同点，就在于它们含有的质子数不同。(AdiffersfromBinC．A与B在C方面是不同的。句中in the number．．．是differ要求的。) `46
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  62．The kinds of evidence for the roundness of the world that led finally to its general accep tance included such data as the shape of the shadow of the earth on the moon during an eclipse of the moon，the fact that as one sails from port on a ship the building of the port gradually seem to sink below the surface of the water，and，most convincing，the fact that it is possible to sail all around the world and return to the starting point of the voyage． brlbJFZ19  
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  最终为人们普遍接受的有关地球是圆形的种种论据，包括：月蚀时地球投在月球表面的阴影形状；当人们乘船离开港口时，港口的建筑物似乎逐渐沉入水下；而最令人信服的是，人们环绕地球航行时，有可能又回到原来的起航点。(The kinds为主句中的主语，谓语是included。 i$<")q  
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  63．The technological breakthrough and the lndustrial Revolution brought with them a mastery of food production and control of infectious disease that reduced the normal death-rate to below 1.5 per cent． x}
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技术革新和工业革命促进了食品生产，控制了传染病的流行，这使人口正常死亡率降到1.5％以下。(to below是双重介词，reduce．．．tobelow，“降到……以下”。)   m]vV.pwv  
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  64．There are a few specially designed homes that are heated primarily by the sun but there is no practical and economic means for converting solar energy directly into that great convenience，electricity． sowwXrECg@  
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  现在已有一些专门设计的住宅主要利用太阳能取暖，但还没有一种实用和经济的办法把太阳能直接转化为便于使用的电能。(介词短语for．．．electridty用来修饰means。，oonverting．．．into，“把……转化为……”。) g.
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  65．A balance consists of an arlTl balanced at its middle， with known weights hung on one hand and the object whose weight is to be found on the other． Hbd>sS  
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  天平由一个在中央平衡的臂组成，已知重量的砝码挂在平衡臂的一端，而把要称出重量的物体挂在平衡臂的另一端。 (分词短语balanced at its middle用来修饰arm。with...weights hung…是介词复合结构，用来对balance作补充说明，过去分词known作定语，修饰weights。hung是hang的过去分词。)