考博英语长难句方式状语从句 A$J?-
<;E>1*K}8
>D$NEO^
1.定义 3)~z~p7
N07FU\<9
b@N*W]
方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 5sF?0P;ln
]0@
J)Z09
X7 fJ+Cn
二、分类 v>p~y u+G
~_yz\;#
~]lVixr9
方式状语从句的引导词主要有: E\=23[0
{
BDUl3T
Z<Ke/Xi
① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 MF~Tr0tOC
wWUt44:0O
`Ot;KDz
例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. j.y
8H
_,9/g^<
G~Mxh,aD$>
你必须像我这样拿工具。 IgU65p
ZzV%+n7<Vx
.6nNqGua1
As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. $P%b?Y/
_^pg!j[Fy}
T*sB Wn'am
众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 ,~,{$\p
$j!VJGVG
6H_7M(f
② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 Y^W.gGM
,k5b,}tN
Ss~dK-{e7
例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. #4<Rs|K
@`6db
JQ.w6aE
我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 &7\q1X&Rr
w\z6-qa
=9ISsI\Y6
² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 <_"^eF+fZ
g5*Zg_G/
-K K)}I`
例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. ` E2@GX+,
~~_!&
kM,$0@
正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 bQ"w%!
pU |SUM
>dW~o_u'QN
③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” 0V&6"pF_Y'
\*V`w@
*y;(c)_w/%
² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 ?4U|6|1
|lijnfp
j'V# =vH
例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. JPX5Jm()
:Sx
!jx>W
tp,e:4\8Q
老板大声说着话像是生气了。 X~O2!F
F~cvob{
i$Q$y
hT{
² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 .I@jt?6X
h] (BTb#-
{:VUu?5-t;
例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. k{op ,n#
.CClc(bO_/
y~ JC
SzpU
他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 k:Iz>3O3]
pr2b<(Pm
8\BCC1K
² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 %d5;JEgA:g
s^X(G!V{c
f((pRP
例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. w !N;Y0
!H`Q^Xf}
(Yzy;"iAu
他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 +X4O.6Mn
x<'(b7{U0
Hnv{sND[
He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. >g%^hjJ
1sL#XB$@N
Yq;|Me{h
他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 ~RV>V*l
&C eG4_Mi
y9?~^pTx
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. #"^F:: b-
c?qg
i"kS
,?"cKdiZ
波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 93="sS
uqy b
8Wn;U!qT
2.考博真题 >E;-asD
#rL%K3'
9o<}*L
I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) j';V(ZY&BB
4\)"Ih
?*i qg[:
这是一个主从复合句。 $sDvE~f0n
9Foo8e
v:*t5M
>
原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: }cK<2J#
+u1meh3u
,f`435R
主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers ITj0u&H:
\%nFCK0
Qp{gV Ys
【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 3,~M`~B
6LUO
yc.Vm[!
分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… uT8@p8
+NGjDa
sY4sq5'!
类型:定语从句;引导词:that b #U
nE
SFrQPdX6V
82%~WQnS
分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. (0s7<&Iu
}q1@[
aE
p F\~T>
类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if =5NrkCk#V
=[8EQdR
3
w9
j~s
【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 5t]}(.0+
Jy)E
!{#x
]>fAV(ix
其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 t3ua5xw
l2uh"!
'Eds0
"3
of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition *<k8H5z8]
Bw-<xwD
,L#Qy>MOb
【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 OgJd^
}qy,/<R
2XhtK
[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. 3-cCdn
DSG tt/n
CJ B
这是一个主从复合句。 %bo0-lnp
j-wSsjLk
z@\C/wX
原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: K_/8MLJQ
_DPWp,k<~
"]M:+mH{]
主句:the astronauts feel… b%`^KEvwfo
ConXP\M-
_@I8B
分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed lSv?!
2
zjVBMqdD
m~;fklX S
类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when V<~.:G$3H
`"CIy_m
2NS(;tBB0
分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. d-e6hI4b
'6l4MR$j&m
P:GAJ->;]>
类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if oRl~x^[%[-
nY(>|!
yWI30hW
【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 3IXai)6U
NQQ+l0txI
RTN?[`
【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 v&t~0jX,
I'p
OB
~>C@n'\lv
It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? >b2j j+8
AY]dwKw
uw'>tb@
这是一个主从复合句。 '@4Myg* b
l=EnK"aU
`SDpOqfIrP
原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: CPJ8G}4
XO[S(q
% zP]z
主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority Q-A:0F&{t
s98Jh(~
_ ~q!<-Z
分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting CC{*'p6
2~`lvx
R]dN-'U
类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as ;/ wl.'GA
^\<nOzU?
tX'`4!{@+
分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand h%4aL38
w&c6iFMd0
Y-Iu&H+\
类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if dO?zLc0f
p\;\hHai
y!z2+q2
【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 L{pz)')I
" V[=U13
B#Q` !B4v
【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 Za[?CA