考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 8m0GxgS
DS,"^K
开头万能公式: jrGVC2*rD
<!#6c :(Q
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 !xm87I
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! ^1rw\Zp
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? 6vrMR&#a
经典句型: IG?044Y
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) DW^E46k)A
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. -MrEJ
(适用于自编名言) FpjpsD~Qu
更多经典句型: K~p\B
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2<jbNnj
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 ~U+SK4SK:o
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 d Ybb>rlu
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: FWNO/)~t
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college <(rf+Ou>I
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. -,NiSh}A
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: u9Wi@sO#
Honesty Z `FqC
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 Ti`H?9t
Travel by Bike [,s{ /OM
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 md_9bq/w
Youth +@),Fk_
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 }Wf \\
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? Fj<#*2{]B
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 HCHZB*r[
更多句型: @}:}7R6
A recent statistics shows that … wykk</eQ.i
*k:Sg*neVq
结尾万能公式: trL:qD+{(
SsiKuoxk
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 juPW!u
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: eIjn~2^
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good p!<Y 'G
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 1A;>@4iC0
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! |,c\R"8xS
更多过渡短语: `N%q^f~
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus oTj9 /r
更多句型: n gA&PU
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… GaMiu!|,
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 MY11 5%
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! :K{!@=o
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve o@6:|X)7
the problem. 1Ao YG_
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? B.nq3;Y
更多句型: AZ~=]1
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. ?k)(~Y&@p
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be 2aiZ
taken. uY+N163i
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 N0EJHS,>e
s,UccA@
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: 6|*em4
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is M$j]VZ
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to zb/w^~J_i
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite X!r9
similar. ~Y^
UP
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! X2PQL"`
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 o)<c1\q
主 题 句原则 3(|8gWQ
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! 9
z_9yT
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! C]{:>= K
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully xB=~3
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, ^3*k6h[(
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 :n36}VG|
一 二 三原则 Wx&gI4~
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… _B4H"2}[Y
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 ZsjDe {TH
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) 8jyg1NN D
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) ~x`BV+R
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) e-vwve
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 9L+dN%C
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) \
UCOe
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) k!Y7Rc{"
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) zX+NhT
TB
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) ^F@z+q
8)most important of all, moreover, finally d\Q~L 3x
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) $@y<.?k>UP
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) hVPSW# .d
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 6J3:[7k=&
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: gp
Aqz Y
I cannot bear it. 8P8@i+[]W
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. 9/N=7<
$
I want it. "p<B|
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. s>8;At-
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 CT1)tRN
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, \bJ,8J1C
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital W10=SM}
之类的形象词。再比如: y8/
7@qw
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room L~nVoKY*V
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room EC*rd
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room V[&4Km9C
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room kaBP&6|Z
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room I"/p^@IX
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 t;ZA}>/
1)加法(串联) SM3Q29XIw
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, %au2kG,
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: :{z a[,
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 1k&**!S]%
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: &p>VTD
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. yQ5F'.m9e
其它的短语可以用: 1\GS"4~P
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover di^E8egR$
2)转折(拐弯抹角) !1+yb.{\
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 ~";GH20
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. cuenDw=eC
The coat was thin, but it was warm. ^HpUbZpat)
更多的短语: :by EXe;3
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, gmG
M[c \
despite, notwithstanding BEn,py7
3)因果(so, so, so) N%8O9Dp8;
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! S.,om;`
The snow began to fall, so we went home. 5[^pU$Y
更多短语: P+tnXT>nE
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a ZaxBr
result, for this reason, so that \F_~?$
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) RweK<Flo'S
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 =uM2l
举例:This is what I can do. {rp5qgVE<
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
{*EA5;
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: [ArPoJt
When to go, Why he goes away… E_t ^osY&
5)附加(多此一举) BT?)-wS
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 ~0S_
S +e
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. ^zdZ"\x
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. \EP<r
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. -ti
nL(?3
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom {5<3./5O
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 x3dP`<
6)排比(排山倒海句) Tyc
`U&
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! Y!M&8;>
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated HzdtR
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. okl*pA)
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such vjfV??XSU
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean ^
+e5 M1U=
tides. 5.1 c#rL
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, Oy>V/
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) ]{mz %\
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 5e>
<i
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! I-=H;6w7
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: *)+K
+J
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb =3~u.iq$
the Western Hills. @Yv+L)
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about +:JyXFu
three times that of China. -+
#QZ7b
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! :$=r^LSH
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 WfnBWSA2T
m[k@\xS4e
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! $)V_oQSqn
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted hcQky/c\#b
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as m^6& !`CD
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. y@\R$`0J
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will #n9:8BKf
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the W,\LdQ
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. DU@ZLk3
更多句型: L?WF[nFR
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, b.Yl0Y
for example二、做比较 H%}ro.u
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; 6/A#P$G
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through |U~m8e&:
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: QT!!
KT
f
相似的比较: J\WUBt-M
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner mX4u#$xs:
相反的比较: "ggViIOw&
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, `|{6U"n
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, 3G4N0{i
…三、换言之 ??4#)n
k
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。
PT`];C(he
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! E3p3DM0F$
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. RB\0o,mw4
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love }qqE2;{ND
with you. ?u*gKI
或者上面我们举过的例子: j@j%)CCM
I cannot bear it. F5*NK!U
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. W(C\lSE0
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with {*X8!P7C
it or I am fed up with it. 5WT^;J9V
更多短语: \Mi] !b|8
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more Vy+%sG
q"
simply