级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息
UID: 49213
精华:
0
发帖: 18
流量: 0 M
威望: 136 分
介绍博友: 0 个
人民币: 0 元
好评度: 0 点
注册时间: 2009-10-14
最后登录: 2010-04-20
|
考博英语写作技巧
本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] 8b-7]%
[font=ˎ̥]1.[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] XAw2 X;F% 有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥]”,很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] "w>rlsT<O 原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] Jw2B&)k/ 经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] dz{#"No0 A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] W^^K0yn`@ It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. i:C.8hmAE (适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] mYntU^4f 更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥]
.UNF~}^H As everyone knows, No one can deny that… B0 6s6Q 2.[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] s>LA3kT 原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] W/#KX}4 原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] 7h(HG?2Y According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college VI(RT-S6 students wanted to further their study after their graduation. >L#];| 看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] b\k
N_ Honesty Is4%}J!8 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] CkmlqqUHC Travel by Bike z8
hTZU 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] u)<Ysx8G Youth h`z2!F4 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] Ly#h|) Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? \;nD)<)J 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] %4?SY82 更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] mle_*Gy8 A recent statistics shows that … L!CX&
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥]
f$:7A0
[font=ˎ̥]1.[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] Mfnlue]( 说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]“总而言之[font=ˎ̥]”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] o
?:;8]sr! Obviously(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good lcu( "^{3 manners arise from politeness and respect for others. <dju6k7uz 如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]“显而见之[font=ˎ̥]”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥] t/l! KdY$ 更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] Ha46U6_'h to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus i /O1vU# 更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] o0,UXBx Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… *(?U 2.[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥]
/e-ka{WS 如果说[font=ˎ̥]“如此结论[font=ˎ̥]”是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]“如此建议[font=ˎ̥]”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] />dB%* Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve RB S[*D the problem. 3::3r}g
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] 3q~":bpAp 更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] c8
bca` Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. yt/20a Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be SREDM taken. S5:"_U 写作的[font=ˎ̥]“七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]”:一、[font=ˎ̥] 长[font=ˎ̥] 短[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] )LXoey!aZ
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] N0y;PVAGu As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is ^4xlZouCb to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to uR06&SaA> satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite ?D*Hl+iu similar. T..N*6<X 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] fP^W"y 强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] aGq_hP 主[font=ˎ̥] 题[font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] [?|l X$< 国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]“群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] d&PE,$XC 特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥] w>NZRP_3 To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully R`Ys;g/! prepared before the exam(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, .c=$ bQ>^ you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、[font=ˎ̥] p^pQZ6- 一[font=ˎ̥] 二[font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] Z/V`Z* fy 领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥]… L:t)$iF5+ 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]“标签[font=ˎ̥]”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] ~>}dse 1)[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] 6i9Q,4~ 2)[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] xWenKY, 3)[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] n&2=6$*,k 4)[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 3X-{2R/ 3 lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] sx)$=~o 5)[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] _H^^2#wc/ 6)[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] gZ`#tlA~ 7)[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] <eud#v 8)[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally vc>^.#7
9)[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] ;3.T* ?|o 10)[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] :w
{M6mM> 建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] S+_A
<p 写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] F'?5V0\he I cannot bear it. W[[YOK1T 可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. GM9]>"#o\ I want it. ?FY@fO?es 可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. ;i-D~Np| 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] T0*TTB&b 原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, Gpxb_}P humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital , IMT '* 之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] W{$+mow7S 走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room nL7S3 但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room 4Rrw8Bw *****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room *FLT
z(T 小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room 2t]! {L 老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room 8eS@<[[F# 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] %`s9yRk9>E 1)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] G8<It5CU 都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, H~_^w.P 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] A\PV@w%Ai I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. sxC{\iLY% 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] o{-USUGj7 Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. `aX}.{.! 其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] zOu$H[ besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover AVevYbucB 2)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] oVuj020 批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] p-
(ADQS The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. w_z^5\u0 The coat was thin, but it was warm. ?w5nKpG#RI 更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] si
mX despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, B'BbTI, despite, notwithstanding fY\tvo% 3)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so)[font=ˎ̥] T=f;n;/> 昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] kmwrv -W The snow began to fall, so we went home. GE3U0w6WbK 更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] ID k:jO then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a #V9hG9%8 result, for this reason, so that .pu`\BW> 4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] CK`3 有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] Q]?J%P. 举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. ,LPFb6o Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. Xde=}9 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] pvwnza1 When to go, Why he goes away… 4z
3$ 5)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] :c/=fWM% 如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] Y"\T*lKa The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. 3L!&~'.Ro I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. yI|?iBc7nC Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. )
ImIPSL 其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom `
Ehgn?6' or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] 2mp>Mn~K^ 6)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] N, +g/o\f 文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] ,c %gwzU Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated _.8]7f`*Gc or simple, there is plenty in London for you. _TcQ12H 5< Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such 9DAwC:<r as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean Ly/~N/<\ tides.
wm`"yNbD We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, :<7>-+pa to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] A)a+LW'=u 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] #w?%&,Kp 既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] =xWW+w!r 原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] eS%6hUb The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb UlZ)|Ya<M the Western Hills. *8eh%3_$h Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about tfIBsw.
three times that of China. =<uz'\Ytv% 如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] GIl{
wd
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] 5:3$VWLa
<
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] WjxBNk'f In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted s+G9L)b' every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as q$*_C kT sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. sWzXl~JbF For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will e7AI&5Eg{ ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the t7%Bv+Uo seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. uXa}<=O 更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] @!HMd{r To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, T<,tC" for example二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] fBh|:2u 方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] BrmFwXLP" 世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥] through l zknB comparison)和不同点([font=ˎ̥] through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥]
GB Un" _J 相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] e%7P$. in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner 9cPucKuj 相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] D)$k{v#~ on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, Lh$ac-Ct nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,
j`hbQp\` …三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] <xz-7EqbwX 没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] G?(:Z= 实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! 01w/,r I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. Cagq0-:(p I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love 82l";;n4p with you.
0$uS)J\;K 或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] WL]'lSHa I cannot bear it. 88U 可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥] I cannot put up with it. ;:1mv 因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥] I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with $$>,2^qr&L it or I am fed up with it. 2Vr'AEIQ 更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] t')I c6.?i in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more .6(i5K simply
|