转贴:考博英语写作模板 eGvOA\y:
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 ;==j|/ERe
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? zJCEA
经典句型: VB"(9O]
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) JC2*$qu J
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) "
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更多经典句型: C:j]43`
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 6tm\L
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2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 $[z<oN_Q
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: m&/=&S
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college p6[ (81
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. IU9,
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看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: i/$SN-5}1
Honesty |^Kjz{
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
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Travel by Bike x~+-VF3/
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 sE9Ckc5
Youth 3U;1D2"AE
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 +tUQ
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? hSMV&Cs
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 38Efp$)
更多句型: Ac\W\=QvB
A recent statistics shows that … c<jB6|.=2
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结尾万能公式: e{!vNJ0`
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 (oYW]c}G,
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: 0p3vE,pF
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good ea~i-7
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. PAoX$q
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! 'C~9]Y].
更多过渡短语: jVYH;B%%z
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus _9kIRmT
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更多句型: r0btC@Hxy
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… qjL
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2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议
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如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!
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Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve [H^ X"D
the problem. v}P!HczmMP
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? %6i=lyH-
更多句型: K7RKF$Z\
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. x'i0KF
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be a))*F!}c
taken. n7DLJ`ho{
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: #r}uin*jD
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is SRWg[H
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to Z4@y?fv7s
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite ZNL5({lv
similar. Ja [#[BJ?
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! {US>)I
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 主 题 句原则 jw4TLc7p
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! )7AM3%z1?
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! NCDxcz;Gb
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully Hirr=a3
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, ZIW7_Y>_
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 ccMd/
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三、一 二 三原则 8A4TAT4,
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… Wr#~G
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如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 {aIZFe}B
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) R@$+t:}
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) JV%nH!Fs
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) ^O \q3HA_4
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, 2@*<9-9
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) 8_X.c
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) oG\>--
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) |*1xrM:v~
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) hXTYTbTX
8)most important of all, moreover, finally I4:rie\hjC
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) Gw`/.0
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) i'iO H|s
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚! 4+I 3+a"
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四、 短语优先原则 pU@YiwP"]x
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: `GS cRhbh
I cannot bear it. B'#4;R!8P=
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. xyvND
I want it. ,z oB0([
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. =-m(\}
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。 HoL~j( {
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五、 多实少虚原则 nfa_8
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如: %rw}u"3T
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room d~sJ=)
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room T:6K
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*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room |SxMN%M!
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room Xout:dn
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room 2'Y{FY_Z
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩! C_-%*]*,j
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六、 多变句式原则 Ca
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1)加法(串联) ~z &0qQ
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: *^uGvJXF
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 3Fgz)*Gu]
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ]W+)ee|D
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. r1+c/;TpZ
其它的短语可以用: e~3]/BL
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover ^u3*hl}YKy
2)转折(拐弯抹角) 0e)lY='^_
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 R9Ldl97'
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. )y(oHRCp->
The coat was thin, but it was warm. RXUA!=e
更多的短语: h,]tQ#!s8
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, ]F
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despite, notwithstanding JR])xPI`
3)因果(so, so, so) @51z-T
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! K!9y+%01
The snow began to fall, so we went home. E=}6X9X
更多短语: yq1Gq
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then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a _cR6ik zW(
result, for this reason, so that ?Y%}(3y
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) LFl2uV"
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 $I\)
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举例:This is what I can do. )
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Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. ;9}w|!/
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: f+{c1fb>s
When to go, Why he goes away… XAw2 X;F%
5)附加(多此一举) "(Mvl1^BT
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 ,NjX&A@
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. =g/4{IL%
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. @m5O{[euj<
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. ^!q 08`0
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom u
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or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 0PYvey }[
6)排比(排山倒海句) 2O?Vr"
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文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! AEB/8%l};v
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated UAnB=L,.\
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. 5T~3$kuO
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such ;7;zhJs1t
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean t8L<x
tides. ,h3269$J
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge,
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to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) d\v$%0
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七) 挑战极限原则 T+`xr0
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! $Sp*)A]E`
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: q>Q:X3
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb H+S~ bzz
the Western Hills. i}.{m Et
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about pWWL{@
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three times that of China. 'CP/ym f/a
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! Yh}zt
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文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! L~@ma(TV{K
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted SQ1M4:hP
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as QH@Q\
@,
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. jA20c(O
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will "6NFe!/Y$*
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the + ")qi=
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. t/l! KdY$
更多句型: Ha46U6_'h
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, i /O1vU#
for example二、做比较 jxRF" GD
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; /#S4espE
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through
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comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: tYI]L
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相似的比较: YQN]x}:E+4
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner }-REBrb-
相反的比较: -mev%lV
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, LK'S)Jk
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,三、换言之 t9Enk!@
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! .ujs`9d_-
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. `jD8(}_
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love dWzDSlP&
with you. jMm_A#V>p
或者上面我们举过的例子: J~_L4*Jw
I cannot bear it. HGP%a1RF#
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. !$:0E
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因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with d1srV`
it or I am fed up with it. 4_6W s$x
更多短语: wQo6!H"K
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more Zd[y+$>
simply aJuj7y-