考博英语写作 o9j*Yz
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考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 i>]1E^yF
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开头万能公式: DR d|m<Z
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 #dvH0LX?
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! *Y4[YnkPE
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? L7gZ4Hu=`
经典句型: (.CEEWj%{
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) &gDwsW
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. $,mljJSQv
(适用于自编名言) ?)Psf/
更多经典句型: C\Y%FTS:
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… >nqDUGnEo>
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 &gP/<!#
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 yFD3:;}
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: b`lLqV<[cB
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college #:~MtV
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. I3ZlKI
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: E8Rk
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Honesty ^`HP&V
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 y7x&/2
Travel by Bike pX\Y:hCug
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 E#0_
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Youth 5t,W'a_
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 O/?Lk*
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Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? &=KNKE`
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
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更多句型: VssD
A recent statistics shows that … fMRv:kNAt
结尾万能公式: nx2iEXsa
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 /
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说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: K[.*8
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good "B$r{ vG
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. ,4OH9-Q1
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! "1-gMob
更多过渡短语: f4b`*KGf
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus fFSQLtm?E
更多句型: (59u<F
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… Im<i.a
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2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 iB1+4wa
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! :/.SrkN(A7
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve .#4;em%7
the problem. )R- e^Cb
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? L]syDn
更多句型: S,*
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Yu`KHvur
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be o)M=
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taken. |
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写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 FUD
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
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As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is D2@J4;UW*W
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to )[Bl3+'
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite uQ_s$@brI
similar. zYz0R:@n+
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
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强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 ({5`C
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主 题 句原则 xc&&UKd
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! H;=JqD8`
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! `nvm>u~[Hq
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully 7R{(\s\9:
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, Or2J
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 oE;SZ"$x
一 二 三原则 =_@Q+N*]|(
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… pAY[XN
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 Tg-HR8}X
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) >~vZ+YO
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) H*H=a
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) ]CnqPLqL
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, R3<2Z0lqy
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) >+3tOv3:
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) [? 1m6u;
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) M6
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) }vof| (Yh
8)most important of all, moreover, finally .zM M!l3
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) _XP3|
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10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) Sd\+f6x
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 q@6Je(H
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: ~|!f6=
I cannot bear it. QN'v]z
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. I~f8+DE)
I want it. 1}#RUqFrvS
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. 28jm*Cl8
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 Q=!f,
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, -y1t;yU.L
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital MV,;l94?%=
之类的形象词。再比如: rjJ-ZRs\
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room P?Fm<s
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但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room /EXubU73
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room l*0`{R
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room j1hx{P'
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room ,VTX7vaH
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 SB<09|2
1)加法(串联) aDreN*n
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, ZR|cZH1}C
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: |vLlEN/S
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. A!\-e*+W=
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: i)[8dv
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. Dqu][~oQ
其它的短语可以用: <s7
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besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover :: 2pDtMS
2)转折(拐弯抹角) W2CQk
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 $!-a)U,w$B
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. 4qc0Q
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The coat was thin, but it was warm. w' gKE'c
更多的短语: uSRvc0R\
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, CaV>\E)
despite, notwithstanding F~Z~OqCS
3)因果(so, so, so) !]v &/
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! UJX=lh.o
The snow began to fall, so we went home. oF(<}0Z
更多短语: L9FijF7
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a \B<A.,i4
result, for this reason, so that nU6WT |
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) }?vc1%w
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 )Fo1[:_B'
举例:This is what I can do. <g^!xX<r?
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 3?"JFfYU,'
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: \~YyY'J
When to go, Why he goes away… NSPa3NE
5)附加(多此一举) tl:+wp7P`
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 )L%i"=<Bdy
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. VgSk\:t
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. 6}RRrYL7I
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. pNHO;N[&
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom kr_!AW<.tz
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 i~
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6)排比(排山倒海句) #xopJa Y
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! MZ8jL,a^
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated .kGlUb?^Q
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. Px>Gc:!>
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such 6#JdQ[IP6
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean ~4Gs\U:!Q
tides. A!K/92[#@
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, 'Gw;@[
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) \rw/d5.
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 S!<1CFh
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! b$24${*'
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: &tULSp@J
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb 2g6G\F
the Western Hills. *hT1_
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about e*Gm()Vu,
three times that of China. (X
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如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! h9McC 3
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 86^xq#+Uw
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! Qe!Q
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In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted da[u@eNrnX
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as q>~\w1%}a\
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. Y}bJN%M
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will +7jr ]kP9
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the +P7A`{Ae
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. ;BEg"cm
更多句型: Dj<]eG]
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, ?Jlz{ms I
for example二、做比较 &=sVq^d@qe
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; qNhQ2x\
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through )
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comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: DR o@gYDn
相似的比较: 9E (VU.
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner h^P>,dy0
相反的比较: gc:qqJi)X
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, }57wE$9K
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, }}3*tn<6
…三、换言之 3U&QonCV
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 wX6VapFboI
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! $X%GzrN
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. v hUn3|
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love s D]W/
with you. /;M0tP
或者上面我们举过的例子: TxhTK5#f
I cannot bear it. jfyV9)
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. [=Wn7cr
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with (Al.hEs'
it or I am fed up with it. #,O<E@E
更多短语: }Po&6^
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more `zHtfox!
simply