考博英语写作 \;!7IIe#
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考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 z`NJelcuz\
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开头万能公式: w9mAeGy
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 Rf2mBjJ(z
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! C7f*Q[
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? VvT7v]
经典句型: _Vf>>tuW
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) TtH!5{$s
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 2E`mbT,v&
(适用于自编名言) {oR@'^N
更多经典句型: cV_-Bcb
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… Bk^o$3#
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 ^~6gkS
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原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 YW&`PJ9o
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: a.RYRq4o
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college dV16'
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. E@#<p-@~
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: 3+vVdvu%
Honesty Aon.Y Z
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 v(=0hY9
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Travel by Bike <G`1(,g
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 1L!jI2~x}
Youth O:
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 F?0Q AA
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? ,nGQVb
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 ez)Ks`
更多句型: <`NsX
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A recent statistics shows that … JAI.NKB3
结尾万能公式: B@VAXmCaoV
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 g+c%J#F=
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: AT1{D!b
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good n}fV$qu
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. kHhku!CH
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! e@ $
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更多过渡短语: h@\HPYi#.
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus r.6?
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更多句型: ='_3qn.
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… IN;9p w
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 [TFp2B~)#
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! Ap;^\5
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve Z glU{sU
the problem. a/3'!} &e
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? inZ0iU9dy
更多句型: q(L.i)w$
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. 2;3&&yK2b
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be
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taken. 7
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写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 w"#rwV&
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: G"kX#k0S
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is |W@Ko%om
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to 8bO+[" c
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite VM\\.L
similar. ?~#[cx
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! J^%E$s
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 D/%v/mpj$
主 题 句原则 }J92TV
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! {4f%UnSz(
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! es\
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To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully @ PhAg
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, 8m
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you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 JP
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一 二 三原则 5J&Gc;[p
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… %W| Sl
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 ~i'!;'-_}
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) HU4h.Lm
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) \yxGE+~P
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) t}pYSSTz
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, },G
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lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) )J+rt^4|
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) T2)CiR-b
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) Pc5C*{C
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) d7zZ~n
8)most important of all, moreover, finally In!^+j
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) Zp6VH
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) /l3O
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建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 "[7'i<,AI
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: g/P1lQ)
I cannot bear it. V$Oj@vI
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. `zl,|}u)
I want it. ?@`5^7*
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. h4Arg~Or
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 9(vp`Z8B4
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, ,nP nH1vb
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital YZnFU( j
之类的形象词。再比如: 0QrRG$<4X
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room hjk]?MC
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room *UN*&DmF
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room Y( EF )::
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room 8. +f@wv
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room T<yfpUzX
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 /6n"$qon6
1)加法(串联) }v_|N"@
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 0D `9
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: n%~r^C_
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. UX|3LpFX&I
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: !A|}_K1Cr
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. N#R8ez`
其它的短语可以用: K!E\v4
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover $~
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2)转折(拐弯抹角) ["ocZ? x
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 $,I@c"m{
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. ;4v`FC>
The coat was thin, but it was warm. $!z .[GL
更多的短语: A4;~+L :M
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, A
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despite, notwithstanding ozHL'H
3)因果(so, so, so) I_`NjJ;61
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! SVV-zz]3M
The snow began to fall, so we went home. j*1MnP3/8Y
更多短语: f&
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then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a iT{[zLz>1
result, for this reason, so that 8S[bt@v
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) ~=otdJ
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 FZ8Qj8
举例:This is what I can do. wp:Zur5Y
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. "Z dI~
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: YXdo&'Q<qX
When to go, Why he goes away… 0+w(cf~6
5)附加(多此一举) 3 "Qg"\
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 ]{ch]m
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. N\CHIsVm>
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. AOTtAV_e
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. 'CG% PjCO
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom
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or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 #9qX:*>h
6)排比(排山倒海句) -7Kstc-
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! 'S=eW_ 0/
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated ,1vFX$
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. 7p{uRSE4._
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such B.gEV*@
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean "
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tides. %8P6l D
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, RE]*fRe7#
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) sc rss
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 JX{rum
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! /}5)[9GC
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: C
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The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb :8?l=B9("g
the Western Hills. f\Q_]%^W
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about kn&
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three times that of China. FJW,G20L
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! 8>X] wA6q
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 G12o?N0p
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! _+%p!!
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted "VMb1Zhf
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as =%b1EYk
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. LftGA7uGJ)
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ]2iEi`"[
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the 5/HkhTyj
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. UcB2Aauji
更多句型: [
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To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, %+C6#cj
for example二、做比较 U.N&~S
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; # `@jVX0
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through !0v3Lu~j
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: uaha)W;'9
相似的比较: C!Fi &~
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner }%0X7'
相反的比较: r(zn1;zl
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, FY/F}C,o
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, s/P+?8'9
…三、换言之
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没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 I(Vg
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! &@D\4b,?nm
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. "@Qg]#]JH
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love Z!l]v.S
with you. dl3}\o_
或者上面我们举过的例子: s&\krW&
I cannot bear it. fC$@m_-KD
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. y
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因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with ?Q"1zcX
it or I am fed up with it. P5lk3Zg'
更多短语: f#gV>.P;h\
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more sR)jZpmC(
simply