考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 jPU:&1(_ n
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开头万能公式: 19O /Q,9
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 8$9<z
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! 0mk-o
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? ~x;1&\'k
经典句型: k/bY>FY2r
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) cnJ(Fv_F$
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. gFlUMfKh
(适用于自编名言) |^p7:)cy
更多经典句型: Z9TmX
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As everyone knows, No one can deny that… s8;/'?K
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 5Y77g[AX2-
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 .:gZ*ks~
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: vt)u`/u
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college 1KwUp0%&
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 1t7 vP;
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: eT8(O36%
Honesty %6Wv-:LY
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 m/}(dT
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Travel by Bike lS<T|:gz@
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 W~(4t:hp
Youth $&D$Uc`U>
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 pxC:VJ;
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? e$!01Y$HI
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 7i(U?\A;.
更多句型: qz]b8rX
A recent statistics shows that … ]M2<b:yo
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结尾万能公式: PEA<H0
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1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 oqM(?3 yv
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: S#gIfb<D
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good Wp5w}8g
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. ~\4`tc
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! 4q%
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更多过渡短语: St9+/Md=jQ
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus x.gRTR`7(
更多句型: 1E3'H7k\t
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… Hzos$1DJ
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 #p<1@,
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! aX`@WXK
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve OXT'$]p.*
the problem. #f*,mY|>
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?
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更多句型: pS [nKcyj
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
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Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be 0W}iKT[Z
taken. Glz
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写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 Z{'.fq2A
Z.!
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: $x%3^{G
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is =aL=SC+
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to WziX1%0$n
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite K@0gBgN
similar. 0/r\#"+XT
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! ^M51@sXI7
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 jg,oGtRz
主 题 句原则 ~\0uy3%
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! @|7Ma/8v
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! T(n<@Ac]V
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully /Ah|Po
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, T3-8AUCK8?
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 w_*UFLMSqR
一 二 三原则 ;p$KM-?2D
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… d&!ZCq#_e
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 &HS6}
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) `63?FzTy
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) nWrknm
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) h3 Bs
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, q;XO1Se
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) &7gL&AY8
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) D$
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6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) ]w)*8
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) 4{[cXM8*j
8)most important of all, moreover, finally K
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9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 8Z^9r/%*Z
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
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建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 'CTvKW
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: (l|:$%[0
I cannot bear it. > @Ux8#
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. ZTq"SQ>ym
I want it. ~"oxytJ
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. yAge2m]<B
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 =bVaB<!
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, G=
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humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital }~Am{Er<l
之类的形象词。再比如: $@[`/Uh
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 4 Ar\`{c>
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room r%*UU4xvB
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room {x$h K98
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room -
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老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room Cst:5m0!
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 Ol }^'7H
1)加法(串联) *
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都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, $oefG}h2
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: 1gq(s2izy
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. XJ3 5Z+M
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: OygR5s +
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. \6UK:'5{
其它的短语可以用: Q%.V\8#|V
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover w8|38m
2)转折(拐弯抹角) vgfLI}|5
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 sqAZjf
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The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. _uvRC+~R
The coat was thin, but it was warm. )G7")I J/X
更多的短语: cx]&ae *
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, 7XE |5G
despite, notwithstanding ])dq4\Bw
3)因果(so, so, so) 3y}0J
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昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! I}5#!s< {&
The snow began to fall, so we went home. t)Iu\bP
更多短语: [B}$U|V0
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a "Qf X&'09
result, for this reason, so that G(LGa2;Zg
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) sN6R0YW
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 faqOG
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举例:This is what I can do. 3"ALohlL
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. PZVh)6f"c
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: qpo3b7(N
When to go, Why he goes away… 3h:"-{MW.
5)附加(多此一举) [P5+}@t
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 3$fzqFo
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. t5r,3x!E
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. !Cq2<[K#
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. ![=C`O6K
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom 7Y`/w$
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 ZT*RD2,
6)排比(排山倒海句) FerQA9K)x
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! UY@^KT]
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated D6cqON0a.
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. "E4;M/
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such W_w^"'
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean X,m6#vLK2
tides. 8y9oj9
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We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, :~K c"Pg
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) =o g5Mh,
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 Q\WH2CK
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! #\15,!*a=
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: S8+GM
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb .UxbwTup
the Western Hills. (o+(YV^
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about 8SV.giG;
three times that of China. z[zURj-*]
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! *fz]Q>2g a
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 l/(|rl#6
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! ,;RAPT4
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted Fjq~^_8
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as -&L(0?*qo
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. qfRsp
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For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will c34s(>AC
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the ^oykimYI-
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. fdU`+[_
更多句型:
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To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, ]@Gw$
for example二、做比较 E5>y?N
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; &OK[n1M
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through `5J`
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comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: aPR0DZ@
相似的比较: >gj%q$@
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner `E @TPdu
相反的比较: zO@7V>2
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, a$}n4p
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, ]]R!MnU:$
…三、换言之 -XbO[_Wf
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 7v{X?86&
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! B#zu<z
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. c8R#=^ DD
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love r~<I5MZY
with you. (]Zyk,[
或者上面我们举过的例子: QTy xx
I cannot bear it. ;!k{{Xndd
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. Oo)MxYPU
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with q? 9x0L
it or I am fed up with it. Xa=M{x
更多短语: &,4 3&pFU
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more E~b Yk
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simply Y{Yp N
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