改错题常考要点 y6 gaoj
一、代词 6:`4bo
代词中主要讲解六个问题 Fz@U\\94z
(一) 掌握代词的几种格 iq3TP5%i
主格、宾格、所有格 ~5n?=
名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books) NdM \RD_R
71,GrUV:
(二) 反身代词 X-cP'"
当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。 k3&
/Ei5
He killed himself. (他自杀了) Ej$oRo{IG
He killed him. (他杀了他) :<,tGYg/!
G PL^!_
例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating E^x/v_,$w!
A B MN_1^T5
a series of indicators that could help XZj3x',;
C C0H@
themselves to predict earthquakes. ){4$oXQ
D ;tfGhHpQn
分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。 FES0lw{G#
Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物 ,-1d2y
_`xhP-,`S
(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别 BXUd
i&'O
在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。 o
X?~
kDc/]Zb%
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies "cDc~~3/@
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the KqWO9d?w.
A B C D Ss'Dto35Q
Pacific. j]6YLM@5$
^-s`$lTp
分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。 /@6T~XY M
[V41 Gk
Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。 hIwqSKq9
Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: ]9hhAT44
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品 6#kK
C40W@*6S2
例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined $K_-I8e|
A 7:wf!\@I
the word“normalcy”to express social and gr4JaV
B b&.3u ls6
economic conditions they promised the nation. g3\13<
C D MG74,D.f
分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。 6o]>lQ}
[.>g.p,;
例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important $H1igYc
A `B7? F$J
work is not poetry, but his biography, John i{k v$ir!
B C kl#)0yqN0
Keats, published the year of her death. TU?$yNE
D ~0Mw\p%}
分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell. V
Be&of+
>; k~B
N-}|!pqb
(四) Who和which的区别 i&JI"Dd7
which指代事物或者动物,who指代人 D~@lpcI
who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物 l# |M.V6G
[P%'p-Hg_
例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who NucLf6
A B l7uEUMV
account for approximately forty percent of the body weight. &_$xMM,X
C D K2-nP2Go?
分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。 A|BN>?.t
人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明 'z"
>4{5
"S3U]zw0_
(五) that和which的区别 SW=%>XKkh
介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外 dx"9jFn
*+<H4.W
H
例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it Kg#s<# h
A B hPrE
would affect society could not have been foreseen. *ZF:LOnU
C D q%wF=<W
分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见 M,bcTa8
Fo&ecWhw
(六) 定语从句的特殊省略 rvBKJ!b0
Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, ;($ 3,d8
Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when Tg6nb7@P
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world. vz'<i. Yv4
way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which Oa-~}hN
I}1<epd ,
例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly +
yIO
A B ceNJXK
reason people take medicine is to relieve pain. LZrkFkiC
C D q'<K$4_,%
分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略
<