考博报班 加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 每日签到
主题 : 语法3(未完 )
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2007-09-22   

语法3(未完 )

第三节 最高级 M5\$+Tu  
`-y o-59E[  
考点一 最高级的形式 xw2dNJL  
一、英文中表示最的概念时,形容词要变为最高级,其形式主要有两种: {Qv Whf  
在词尾加-est (单音节形容词), 如:low-lowest, late-latest, lucky-luckiest, fit-fittest; *,az`U  
或在词之前加most (多音节形容词), 如:most important, most sensitive .! 'SG6 q  
少数词最高级形式特殊,如:good(well)-best, bad(ill)-worst, many(much)-most, little-least, etc. VO u/9]a  
TOEFL经常会出现这样的搭配: most highest, 这是不对的,hightest已经是最高级,前面当然不能在加most. ?E +[  
例题: mQd L"caA  
(1) {mOQRAKl  
The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which involves using a circular }aSTo"~m#  
    A                          B R^*%yjy9  
dish with a small pocket at the bottom. sH_B*cr3  
 C          D >8;EeRvI  
答案:A Nl$b;~ u  
应改为:easiest. kD*r@s]=  
解释:easiest本身已是最高级, most纯属画蛇添足, 应去掉 1buVV]*~  
二、没有等级的形容词 ]Y;5U  
有些形容词本身就具有“比….年长”、“ 比…..优越”等含义,因此也就没有比较级和最高级。比如: inferior, superior, senior, anterior。这些形容词往往和to连用,而不和than连用。 $Sls9H+.  
有些形容词本身就具备“最、极”的含义,所以就没有最高级和比较级。如: " i!Xiy~  
absolute(绝对的), unique(独一无二的), infinite(无限的), round(圆的), right(对的), correct(正确的), wrong(错误的), perfect(完美的),这类形容词往往被称为绝对形容词 , ;$SRQ.  
例题: v{r,Wy3  
Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a ---- place in English literature. OrP i ("/  
(A) most unique !FA[ ]d4  
(B) unique ZVIlVuZ}  
(C) least unique >S}^0vNZX  
(D)very unique `=%mU/v  
答案: B ]iezwz`'  
Gr&YzbSX  
考点二 最高级前的限定词 nq%GLUH   
(1) 形容级做定语时, 最高级前通常要加定冠词the ,如: &"6%D|Z0  
the most important thing, the biggest elephant a 8}!9kL  
但当最高级前有物主代词时,不需加the, 如: NTV@,  
my latest hobby, her most interesting experience S; Fj9\2)I  
(2) 形容词作表语时,最高级前通常不加限定词 pq +~|  
如:She looks happiest whenever you are around. i87+9X  
    Excuse me, but I'm busiest at the moment. ab8F\%y-8  
例题: )(V!& w6  
(1) jI!WE$dt  
  Of all the Native Americans in the United States, the Navajos form largest group. Q@ghQGn#  
  A  B         C              D VMl)_M:'  
答案: D mO^ )k  
应改为: form the largest IA~wmOF  
解释: largest是最高级, 作group的定语, 之前必须加定冠词the I* 4g ;1x  
dQ-:]T (  
考点三 范围词 |5g1D^b]s^  
伴随最高级出现的往往有表示范围的词或短语,常用of 或among或 in 引导, 表示“在….之中”。 如:of all, in the world, in the country等, 在填空题的题干中包含表示范围的词时,空格处需填最高级 "t&_!Rm  
例题: :O9i:Xq[QW  
(1) Bhf4 /$  
The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2, 020 miles from Maine to s#>``E!  
            A            B        k:DAko}  
Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world. ?TMrnR/d  
         C    D q~6((pWi|  
答案:C js F96X{  
应改为:longest. EF8'ycJk+  
解释:本句有范围词in the world, 则定冠词the 之后应采用形容词最高级形式 -+Gd<U$  
考点四 most的其他用法 Zp_vv@s  
对于most来讲,除了构成某些词最高级外,most的用法有几点需要注意,经常成为改错题的考点: uoMDf{d  
1.       当most表示大多数时,之前不加the, 并且有两种形式来表示大多数,分别为: dW9Ci"~v  
most + 名词,如:most people, most Indian tribes; ~T:L0||.%9  
most + of + 限定词 + 名词或代词,如:most of his paintings,most of us, most of the modern artists A5kz(pj  
2. most有时意思等同于very, 此时most之前用不定冠词,如: CAtdx!  
a most lovely girl, a most impressive proposal D)GD9MJ  
例题: $[ M5V v  
(1) dZ{yNh.]  
  The most substances expand in volume when they are heated. ZE4xF8  
   A        B   C     D ZuVes?&j  
答案:A }1? 2  
应改为:Most yQdoy^d/4  
解释:most只有在表示形容词最高级作定语时需加定冠词,此句表示“大多数”,没必要加the. e>Q_&6L  
(2) 'G8.)eTA'  
The most often flour is made from wheat, but it may also be made from the seeds n81z 0lnr  
   A       B              C #7"*Pxb#A  
 of other cereal plants. D9-D%R,  
  D G;yh$n<"  
答案:A vj4n=F,Z  
应改为:most. /><+[\q4LM  
解释:the most 一般出现在最高级中, 此句most often为固定说法,意为经常 MNV OloA  
词汇:cereal: 谷类的 !)+8:8H'  
" twq#Alx  
the end. JVt(!%K}&  
第三章 副词 D/Hob  
V>:ubl8j0l  
副词和形容词有着千丝万缕的联系,相当比例的副词都是形容词加后缀-ly构成的,但副词在句中的作用却与形容词有较大区别,需细心领会:副词最主要的功能是作状语,用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、甚至整个句子,这些都是形容词不可替代的作用,但切记在TOEFL题中不可修饰名词 uBqZ62{G  
副词可大致分为时间副词(如:now, then, recently), 地点副词(如:here, upstairs, everywhere), 方式副词(如:carefully, rapidly, happily), 程度副词(如:much, quite, extremely), 疑问副词(如:how, when, where), 承接副词(如:besides, however, therefore)等等 *Rj(~Q/t  
副词比较级和最高级的用法基本和形容词相同,形容词比较级的特殊句式同样适用于副词,稍有不同的是副词最高级前的the可用可不用,不用时居多。副词比较级和最高级作为考点的不多,但在题干中多次出现,可留心体会与形容词的区别和联系 *\T ]Z&E"  
(|_N2R!  
第一节 副词修饰动词 # 25%17  
9Netnzv%  
修饰动词是副词的最主要作用之一,此处动词的含义包括谓语动词、不定式中的动词,被动式或进行时中的分词形式的动词 ZINqIfc  
例如:You can't possibly arrive there on time. (谓语动词) =#K$b *#  
It's inconvenient to contact him directly. (不定式中的动词) oRQJ YH  
Her composition is frequently referred to as original. (被动式) -3T~+  
改错题中常误用形容词修饰动词,要注意识别 7-`iI(N<  
例题: 9>1Gj-S2:  
(1) yx&'W_Q@  
In the United States, sleds for recreation were first produced commercial in the CF_pIfbaf  
             A        B    C iQJ[?l`  
 1870's or thereabouts. OD`?BM  
      D 3r]N\c  
答案:C @ZTsl ?  
应改为:commercially DU=rsePWE  
解释:形容词commercial不能修饰谓语动词produce, 需改为副词 Qk q9oZ  
(2) !i77v, (#|  
According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees ----, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows. 4g}'/  
(A) facially ?O.1HEr  
(B) their faces @$ggPrs  
(C) having facial 8fX<,*#I  
(D) they had faces ** !  
答案:A mpysnKH  
解释:resemble一词是本句的谓语动词, 已有了宾语chimpanzees, 之后需要的只可能是用来补充说明的非谓语, B、D可先排除; facial是形容词, 不能作have的宾语, 因此C肯定不对; A是副词, 恰好修饰动词作状语 ne (zGJd  
D<:J6W7]  
第二节 程度副词much等 : ZWKrnG  
\WN ,.  
程度副词much, still, far, a little, a bit 的特殊之处在于:可用来修饰比较级,表示加强或减弱程度。 如: I'm much clearer about the situation now. :\<D q 71  
She's not a bit more rational than you were. Obb"#W@3  
注意:much不能加形容词原形代替比较级 L/sMAB  
比如想说更有耐心:不能够说much patient, 而应该说more patient; xJSK"  
同时more也不能替代much修饰比较级, q PI1\!z6  
比如要说低得多:不能说more lower , 而应该说much lower; C~:@ETcbil  
例句:She is far better than me at English. ( 在英语方面她比我好的多) ~vMdIZ.h  
例题: 7Fd`M To  
(1) aF (L_  
Watercolors dry more faster than other paints. IVblS iFF  
   A    B   C    D /suW{8A(E  
答案:C #lld*I"d  
应改为:much faster F\G-. 1  
解释:比较级more不能修饰比较级faster, 应改为程度副词much THl={,Rw`  
(2) - fm1T|>#  
Reptiles are widely distributed all over the world, but are much abundant in warm ooW;s<6  
        A                 B O"6 (k{`  
  regions and are virtually absent beyond the treeline in the Arctic. lNwqWOWy  
          C     D m2|%AD  
答案:B pSC\[%K  
应改为:more. iXsX@ S^F  
解释:much作为形容词不能修饰另一个形容词, 而作副词时只能修饰形容词比较级, 如much better, much more expensive, 依句意是要将爬行动物在温带地区和寒带地区的分布加以对比, 因此改为比较级more abundant !Yi2g -(  
(3) 9>I&Z8J$M  
Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the crust of the Earth, but the nonmetals uZ/XI {/  
         A          B      C kQt#^pO)  
oxygen and silicon are more still abundant. ](2\w9i%  
            D Nm.G,6<J  
考点:程度副词 c`E0sgp  
答案:D P]mJ01@'  
应改为:still more }gR!]Cs)^  
解释:程度副词still修饰比较级more时,应置于其前, #q mv(VB4  
词汇:crust: 地壳 silicon: 硅 | mp~d<&  
(4) !+(c/ gwBh  
A goose's neck is a tiny longer than that of a duck and not so gracefully curved as a y`Nprwb  
        A      B          C      D C4H$w:bVk  
swan's. Svl; Ul  
考点:程度副词 AdgZau[Y6  
答案:A WZ6'"Cz`  
应改为:little JUpb*B_z  
解释:形容词tiny不能修饰比较级longer, 应改用程度副词a little ya'Ma<4  
词汇:gracefully: 优雅地, swan: 天鹅
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
免费考博网网址是什么? 正确答案:freekaobo.com
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交