中国人民大学——英语2004年博士研究生入学考试试题 d54>nycU~N
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II. Vocabulary (10 points) Itz_;+I.Mp
PartA (5 points) L}:u9$w
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices u:m]-'
marked iL B, C arm 1). Choose the:one thatbest completes the ?'h@!F%R'
sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across U8<GD|
the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1. W*U\79H
Example: vV=$N"bT~
She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ ?J<4IvL/
A. previously B. vLrtually C. primarily D. domestically v5<Ext
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The sentence should read,; "She prefers foreign wine to that produce ^$x^JM ]/
domesticany." Therefore, you should choose D. IS'=%qhC`
Sample Answer PeE'#&wn
[A] [B] [C] [D] %
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1. International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the }"xC1<]
present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages__ [
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patriotism. &1B)mj
A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiable DUW;G9LP$-
Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and pV>/"K
fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed thoughts. DQ'+,bxk=9
A. dilemmas B. countenances C. concessions D. junctions /- kMzL
3. People innately _____ for superiority over their peers although it YQYN.\
sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power. 7i/?+|
A. strive B. ascertain C. justify D. adhere J-I7K!B
4. Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife Lb/a_8<E?
for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set yil{RfBEr_
up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them. ZC0F:=/K
A. conservation B. maintenance C. storage D. reserve [0IeEjL
5. According to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking Ui1K66{
15 points .last month, to its lowest level in 9 years. TWxMexiW
A. soared B. mutated C. plummeted D. fluctuated !})+WSs'"s
6. Melissa is a computer___ that destroyed files in computers and 1 k
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frustrated thousands of users around the world. W
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A. genius B. vires C. disease D. bacteria Q$RP2&
7. The emphasis:on examinations is iby far the. worst form of rVf`wJ6b
competition in schools. w1s#8
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A. negligent B. edible C. fabulous D. disproportionate "w_(p|c m=
8. The boy seemed more _____ to their poverty, after seeing how his Gzm[4|nO^
grandparents lived. hr)TC-
A. reconciled B. consolidated uswz@
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C. deteriorated D. attributed )fCl <KG*
9. During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never____ a chance to b!UT<:o
practice his Chinese. Dcp,9"yt%
A. passed on B. passed up C. passed by D. passed out n287@Y4Ru
10. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ____ can be ~[,E
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distributed. 9N
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A. paradoxes B. legacies C. platitudes D. analogin T`vj6F
Part B (5 points) Wc+ e>*
Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase l?#([(WM
underlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and =>BT]WK>
D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underiined part. }*+ca>K
Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square ;Hm\?n)a
bracket on ANSWER SHEET I. Cu9,oU+N
Example: Be}Cj(C
The secretary is Very competent; she can finish all these letters within one >r{,$)H0
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bour. iaPY>EP1
A. careful B. industrious C. clever D. capable NEK;'"~
In this sentence, "competent" is closest -;n m e:zting to "capable". Therefore P:CwC"z>sS
you should choose D. McA,
Sample Answer w`i3B@w
[A] [B] [C] [DD] "*TnkFTR
11. He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional +fKLCzj
roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby. #mtlgK'
A. depict B. advocate D; criticize D. analyze ~/gqXT">
12,. They achieved more than they had eyer dreamed, lending a magic tO their 5)EnOT"'
family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival. aIJ[K
A.confirm B. achieve C.match D exaggerate LoNz
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13. The most urgent thing is to find a dump. for those toxic____ industrial wastes. ;:'A{&0N
A. imminent B. recyclable C. smelly D. poisonous 'p{>zQ\5
i4. British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would H?O*
nor be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N.sanction. fq\E$'o$
A. allies B. delegates C. voters D. juries Soq
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15. The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our :children's college and h5B'w
our own retirement security is ,chilling. yPuT%H&i
A. frightening B. promising C. freezing D. revealing 3O$Q>.0 w/
16. Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British .PxtcC.K
Crown. |?{Zx&yUw
A. secret plan B. bold attack C. clever design D. joint effort /|hKZTZJdN
17. Evidence, reference, and foomotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous s{hJ"lv:
researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different 'rU5VrK
beorefical and political positions. [% YCupr#
A. trustworthy B. intelligent C. diligent D. meticulous QBDi;Xzb+
18. Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, them are no stories of women 5f}wQ
being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region. }0c'hWMZ}
A. intriguing B. exasperating: C. demonstrative D. unprovoked >CNH=
19. The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up 265df
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faces for .nocturnal raids in the forest. L?<V KT
A. illegal B. night-time C, brutal D. abusive D0tI
20. Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a |)yO]pB:
more avid fondness for the limelight, o{nBtxZ"
A. mercurial B, gallant C. ardent D. frugal T[&1cth
III. Cloze (10 points) wVV'9pw}
Directions : Read the following passage. Choose the best word for each _ jF,
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numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the ,Cde5A{K
square bracket on Answer Sheet I. ~B|K]&/]
Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea, exZa:9 sp
___ 21 ___ into a hobby and Iately has ____22 ____ into a full- time passion. The 2NqlE
two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph. D candidates "J3@Z,qW
___ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started theirguide in jQ(qaX&
April 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the Intemet. 9xN4\y6F
Before long they ___25 ___ that their home,brewed lists were becoming too l]^uVOX
long and ____ 26____ Gradually they began to spend more andmore time on Pr<.ld\
Yahoo. -7$7TD`'7
During 1994, they ____ 27____ yahoo into a customized database designed QUwSnotgU
to____28_____ the needs of the thousands of users____29____ began to use the 34&n{ xv
service through the closely ___ 30____ Intemet community. They developed |^8l8u
customized software to help them___ 31 ___ locate, identify and edit material 349W0>eOT
___32___ on the Intemet. The name Yahoo is ____ 33____ to stand for "Yet 2LEf"FH0~
Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle". but Filo and Yang insist they selected H
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the ___34 ___ because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo? itself first }p]8'($
___ 35 ___ on Yang's workstation, "akebono", while the search engine was MXq+aS{
___ 36 ___ on Filo's computer, "Konishiki". e4j:IK>
In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication d [6[3B
in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files xOt%H\*k"
___ 37___ to larger computers ___38____ at Netscape. As a result Stanford's :Fm;0R@/k
computer network returned to ___ 39___ , and both parties benefiasc. Today, -}AAA*P
Yahoo___ 40 ___ organized information on tens of thousands of computers \U\ W Q
linked to the web. "6[fqW65
1. A. became B. grew C. mm D. intend a;r,*zZ="
2. A. made B. saw C. looked D. turned x9hkE!{8
3. A. in B. on C. about D. fer 5RrzRAxq
4. A. touch ?. contact C. n-ack D. record 9o@5:.b<j
5. A. founded E. found C. argued D. reported 7y""#-}V[r
6. A. unwieldy B. tough C. tamable D invaluable jgQn^
7. A. exchanged B. shank C. sold D. converted S8(Y+jgk;a
8. A. explain B. serve C. discover D. evaluate 2_'{f1bVxz
9. A. which B. that C. actually D. eagerly nYhI0q
10. A. relative B. interactive C.bound D. contacted 7O',X Y
11. A. fluently B. efficiently C.exactly D. actually F=?0:2P0bD
12. A. transmitted B. purchased C. sold D. ue"?n2
13. A. about B. bound C. going D. supposed o
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I4. A. fable B. model C. name D. brand FZf{kWH
15. A. supported B. resided C. lived D. launched `@!4#3H
16. A. connected B. lodged C. introduced D. linked #fk#RNt
17. A. over B, away C. inside D. beneath OE[
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18. A. housed B. caught C. hosed D. bidden %#kml{I
19. A. average B. normal C. ordinary D. equal <]1Z
20. A. attains B.detains C. maintains D. contains 0'j/ 9vm
IV. Reading Comprehension (20 points) .dM4B'OA?
Directions: Read the following passages, decideon the best one of the choices Y_'3pX,
marked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark hA 1_zKZ
the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the }rK9M$2]u
ANSWER SHEET. +||y/}1
Passage 1 h]WPWa)M
Guthrie's contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break Ns
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babies. Lmh4e
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One application of the thrcshoM method involves the time young children G)5R
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spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the dA4DW
length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities X^Dklqqy
are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of $D&N^
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the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often PiQsVk
result. To apply Gutiarie's theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit *DBm"{q%&k
activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could [{@0/5i
gredually increase the time students spend working on a single activity. hJ|zX
The threshold methoci also can be applied to teaching printing abd T)N_ ~f|
handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movements =emcs%
awkward and they lack free motor coordination. The distances between lines on QT`|"RI%
a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper 7# !RX3
with narrow lines is initially introduced, students' letters would spill over the $F&m('aB8
borders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters t_ju[xL5B
within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them gdr"34%vbM
refine their skills. )SjhOvm
The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students +wPXDN#R
who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can @*>kOZ(3
remove the students from the classroom, We them a large stack of paper, and t,P_&0X
tell them to start making paper airplanes. After the students have made several B
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airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for _EEOBaZ
not building airplanes. PAYS~MnV@3
Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their a%g |E'\Jw
physical education class. To employ the fatigue method, theteacher might (g HCu
decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has s^\
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begun. i$?$X,
The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and `xXpP"*o}
misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. The vw
media center teacher might ask the students'to find interesting books and read 6,~Y(#
them while in the center. Assuming that the studentS find the books enjoyable, |&49YQ
the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books NNgpDL*
rather than for talking with other students. w!kWG,{C
In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher {r>iUgg
realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very )hy(0 D
boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, VZ3{$0
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such as experiments, videotapes, and debates, in an attempt to involvs students m8ApiGG
and raise their interest in the course. -s6k't
41. The purpose of this passage is to___ ;udV"7C
A. inform B. persuade C. debate D. narrate Ip_deP@
42. Guthrie identified three methods for__ I%<