O p$XvVzW#<
• obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act }};AV)}J
• object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched (S63:q&g
• observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") ^
`[T0X
• occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force [85tZr]
• ocean - n. the area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water BIjkW.uf
• of - prep. made from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among Mg\8m-L^
• off - ad. away; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected [T
2!,D.
• offensive - n. a military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking $1|65j[e
• offer - v. to present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed di~ [Ivw
• office - n. a room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed *V@t]d$=#
• officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force ]l=iKl
• official - n. a person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power <*HsJwr)u
• often - ad. many times Y]"lcr}
• oil - n. a thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel /}3I:aJwb
• old - ad. not young or new; having lived or existed for many years G~zP&9N|
• on - prep. above and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.") 7k#0EhN 1>
• once - ad. one time only |h2=9\:]
• only - ad. being the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.") VP6_}9:9
• open - v. to start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret ?s9f}>
• operate - v. to do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons u
236a\:
• opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking ^J&}C
• oppose - v. to be against; to fight against mS
&^xWPV
• opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.") cwI3
ANV
• oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power 1 o\COnt
• or - conj. giving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices RWXN
• orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet E{IY7Xz^>
• order - v. to give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws LOe l6Ui
• organize - v. to put in order; to put together into a system ;b0;66C8|
• other - ad. different; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.") _?;74VWA
• our - ad. of or belonging to us H:,Hr_;nC
• oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force W$Z8AZ{E
• out - ad. away from the inside; opposite of in ~.J{yrJ&
• over - conj. above; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world") !~ZAm3GwL
• overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force @6{F4
• owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received r5PZ=+F
• own - v. to have or possess for oneself T)Pr%kF
P 9]^NAlno
• pain - n. a hurt or suffering somewhere in the body 5_4=(?<
• paint - v. to cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface 6MelN^\[7
• pan - n. a metal container used for cooking E&> 2=$~
• paper - n. a thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing ~R~MC(5N[
• parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground 5ih5=qX
• parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary '$q3 Ze
• pardon - v. to forgive for a crime and release from punishment gmtS3,
• parent - n. a father or mother C@@PLsMg
• parliament - n. a government lawmaking group k~=P0";
• part - n. something less than the whole; not all of something FOS*X
• party - n. a group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment *xDV8iu_
• pass - v. to go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go IgKrcpK#}?
• passenger - n. a person travelling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver Q@cYHFi~+
• passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country @ [j%V ynf
• past - n. the time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former WM GiV
• path - n. a narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves +Q+!#
• patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem ^2"w5F
• pay - v. to give money for work done or for something bought H=*2A!O[_
• peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet {"\pMY'7
• people - n. any group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people") r9~I R
• percent - n. a part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.") rz5@E
• perfect - ad. complete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes bJFqyK:6
• perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others kDc/]Zb%
• period - n. an amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions "cDc~~3/@
• permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time KqWO9d?w.
• permit - v. to let; to make possible Ss'Dto35Q
• person - n. a man, woman or child (YHK,aC>u
• physical - ad. of the body &}VVr
• physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy [`bA,)y"
• picture - n. something that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera ^fti<Lw5
• piece - n. a part of something larger 2z9N/SyN
• pig - n. a farm animal used for its meat >S:+&VN`M
• pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter C40W@*6S2
• pipe - n. a long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas TGI`}#
• place - v. to put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country ;et(Yi;9
• plan - v. to organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ">("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.")
OdtS5:L
• planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") EKzYL#(i
• plant - v. to put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth &H?VlxIx
• plastic - n. a material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things LO)p2[5#R
• play - v. to have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater &;$- &;
• please - v. to make one happy; to give enjoyment 1|5TuljTd
• plenty - n. all that is needed; a large enough amount IUQYoKz4}A
• plot - v. to make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal "Fqrk>Q~
• poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions #=I5_u
• point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something QE`u~
• poison - n. a substance that can destroy life or damage health 6?= ^8
• police - n. a government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency 4_o+gG%HaM
• policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business JO\KTWtjO
• politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office gdG#;T'
• pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water 8
<Ex
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• poor - n. people with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality t&rr;W]
• popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public _"- ,ia[D
• population - n. all the people in a place, city or country (0zYS_mA
• port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm &F|Wk,y
• position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization 910N
1E
• possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by .
"`f~s\G
• possible - ad. able to be done; can happen or is expected to happen E# *`u
• postpone - v. to delay action until a later time 8PvO_Gz5
• pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow g
(V_&Y
• power - n. the ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.") @gihIysf
• praise - v. to say good things about; to approve o.>Yj)U
• pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit @wa<nYd
• pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby W29GM -,K
• present - v. to offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.") 2w/qH4
• president - n. the chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization Hv|(V3-
• press - v. to urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications DWu~%U8
• pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else a`S3v
• prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening YPS,[F'B.
• price - n. the amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale 7kQ,D,c'
• prison - n. a place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime l u
V_
• private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public `-<m#HF:)d
• prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get 6>-Gi
• probably - ad. a good chance of taking place; a little more than possible vz'<i. Yv4
• problem - n. a difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer mW @Z1Plxs
• process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result S-G#+Ue2
• produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture X e\,:~
• profession - n. a job that requires special training 8!Q0:4Vb
• professor - n. a teacher at a college or university
"'mr0G9X
• profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity ]=m0@JTbG
• program - n. a plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show f{f|frs
• progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal U%_6'5s{^
• project - n. a planned effort to do something )\,hc$<=m
• propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions cUM#|K#6
• property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods /BfCh(B
• propose - v. to present or offer for consideration ~n!7 ?4%U
• protect - v. to guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged (1?k_!)T
• protest - v. to speak against; to object ,v*<yz/
• prove - v. to show to be true =/F\_/Xw
• provide - v. to give something needed or wanted Q4&<RWbT^
• public - ad. of or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private m4kUA"n5
• publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine 0Kenyn4 ?
• publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine "Kt[jV;6
• pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push AJ-~F>gn
• pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through SZ"^>}zl=
• punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal Y([vma>U]
• purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought pM7xnL4
• pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean &fWYQ'\>
• purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal
p(Bn!
• push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull Z
)dz
• put - v. to place; to set in position OQZ\/~o 5
Q <y5f[HjLy
• quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") Z]Iyj
97
• question - v. to ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed "Crm\UI6
• quick - ad. fast ^YG.eT6iG
• quiet - ad. with little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm 3Q"4-pd
R Bn_@R`
• race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest; to take part in a campaign for political office; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color <sq@[\l}a
• radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen zSFqy'b.M-
• radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous ="*8ja-K
• radio - n. the system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires mf)o1O&B
• raid - v. to make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something _ s[v:c
• railroad - n. a road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment H:HJHd"W
• rain - n. water falling from the sky 0jN?5j
• raise - v. to lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase c0%%X!!$
• rare - ad. not common; not usual; not often )gR !G]Y
• rate - n. speed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold ^J=l] l
• reach - v. to put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to uR7\uvibUO
• react - v. to act as a result of or in answer to $xf{m9 8
• read - v. to look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers ,,>b=r_r&
• ready - ad. prepared; completed; organized; willing D,rs)
• real - ad. true; truly existing; not false C%csQ m
• realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are $}/ !mXI5
• reason - n. the cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains 2$O@T]
• reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise /8SQmh$+e
• rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country nVC:5ie
• receive - v. to get or accept something given, offered or sent >"
Z^8J
• recent - ad. a short time ago THM\-abz
• recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs ''f07R
• recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government XKU+'Tz
• record - v. to write something in order to have it for future use; to put sound or pictures in a form that can be kept and heard or seen again; n. a writing that shows proof or facts about something /i]!=~\qFs
• recover - v. to get again something that was lost, stolen or taken away ("The police recovered the stolen money."); to return to normal health or normal conditions She is expected to recover from the operation.") lnFOD+y9
• red - ad. having the color like that of blood Jn>7MuG
• reduce - v. to make less or smaller in number, size or amount; to cut Oop;Y^gG}
• reform - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition Uk02VuS
• refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war <ealt
• refuse - v. to reject; to not accept, give or do something :H$D-pbJ4
• regret - n. a feeling of sadness or sorrow about something that is done or that happens ;u'mSJI'
• reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe *JX)q
• relation - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties -BNlZgk-^
• release - v. to free; to permit to go; to permit to be known or made public \:8 eN}B
• religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods q9RCXo>Y+1
• remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same bc"E=
z
• remains - n. a dead body .-;K$'YG
• remember - v. to think about the past; opposite forget Ds$8$1=L=k
• remove - v. to take away or take off; to put an end to; to take out of a position or office \*H/YByTb
• repair - n. work done to fix something JrTSu`S('
• repeat - v. to say or do again !<!sB)
• report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed :
5G3uN+\
• represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example
';x .ry
• repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force *J!oV0#1
• request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for ,@=qaU
• require - v. to need or demand as necessary J_s?e#s
• rescue - v. to free from danger or evil >w jWX{&?
• research - n. a careful study to discover correct information V#1_jxP)Q
• resign - v. to leave a position, job or office owTW_V
• resist - v. to oppose; to fight to prevent PNXZ 3:W
• resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting =iRi9r'l
• resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold ^>uzMR!q5
• responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") .b]g#Du=
• rest - v. to sit, lie down or sleep to regain strength; n. that which remains; the others l/yLSGjM
• restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group |H5){ 2V>K
• restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger Q;{yIa$ $
• result - v. to happen from a cause; n. that which follows or is produced by a cause; effect 9Ps:]Kp!vN
• retire - v. to leave a job or position because one is old or in poor health 4x=rew>Ew
• return - v. to go or come back; to bring, give, take or send back epm
t
• revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government 0\wMlV`F
• rice - n. a food grain bvn?wK
• rich - ad. having much money or goods; having plenty of something 3=)/-l
• ride - v. to sit on or in and be carried along; to travel by animal, wheeled vehicle, airplane or boat 0G9@A8LU
• right - n. what a person legally and morally should be able to do or have ("It is their right to vote."); ad. agreeing with the facts; good; correct; opposite wrong; on the side that is toward the east when one is facing north; opposite left q|om^:n.
• riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place; n. a violent action by a large group of people e%N\Pshgv
• rise - v. to go up; to go higher; to increase; to go from a position of sitting or lying to a position of standing 6}IOUWLB@
• risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury h$~ NPX
• river - n. a large amount of water that flows across land into another river, a lake or an ocean A,M
RK#1u
• road - n. a long piece of hard ground built between two places so people can walk, drive or ride easily from one place to the other Mq42^m:qe
• rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal 5JDqS
z{
• rock - n. a hard piece of mineral matter HGB96,o f9
• rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon {O#=%o[
• roll - v. to turn over and over; to move like a ball .%3bXK+F
• room - n. a separate area within a building with its own walls W<yh{u&,
• root - n. the part of a plant that is under the ground and takes nutrients from the soil )rz4IfE
• rope - n. a long, thick piece of material made from thinner pieces of material, used for tying 1QE-[|
• rough - ad. not flat or smooth; having an uneven surface; violent; not made well Q <^'v>~n
• round - ad. having the shape of a ball or circle uwQ{y>SG
• rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing :^3MN
• rubber - n. a substance made from the liquid of trees with the same name, or a similar substance made from chemicals !y'LKze+G
• ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy 6=90 wu3
• rule - v. to govern or control; to decide; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done l+bP48
• run - v. to move quickly by steps faster than those used for walking f&H):.
S )#T(2A
• sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.") =nA;,9%
• sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person ;Y
j_@=
• sad - ad. not happy ;yY>SaQ
• safe - ad. away from harm or danger f'aUo|^?
• sail - v. to travel by boat or ship 8~EDmg[
• sailor - n. a person involved in sailing a boat or ship Cq u/(=
• salt - n. a white substance found in sea water and in the ground, used to affect the taste of food B~lrd#qC
• same - ad. not different; not changed; like another or others W*u Yb|0
• sand - n. extremely small pieces of crushed rock found in large amounts in deserts and on coasts K`j#'`/KC
• satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth Ngu
+V
• satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded 7}%3Aw6]S
• save - v. to make safe; to remove from harm; to keep for future use %K;,qS'N_
• say - v. to speak; to express in words @&S4j]rq
• school - n. a place for education; a place where people go to learn |`U^+Nf
• science - n. the study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them X/];*='Q
• sea - n. a large area of salt water, usually part of an ocean Exc`>Y q
• search - v. to look for carefully ^EjZ.#2l;
• season - n. one of the four periods of the year that is based on the earth's position toward the sun (spring, summer, autumn, winter); a period of time based on different weather conditions ("dry season", "rainy season"); a period during the year when something usually happens ("baseball season") T}$1<^NK
• seat - n. a thing to sit on; a place to sit or the right to sit there ("a seat in parliament") .O3i"X]
• second - ad. the one that comes after the first MH?|>6
• secret - n. something known only to a few and kept from general knowledge; ad. hidden from others; known only to a few V~&P<=8;Wl
• security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") L<J';#BD
• see - v. to know or sense through the eyes; to understand or know 9vmH$
• seed - n. the part of a plant from which new plants grow R6h(mPYA
• seek - v. to search for ("They are seeking a cure for cancer."); to try to get ("She is seeking election to public office."); to plan to do ("Electric power companies are seeking to reduce their use of coal.") Ol~sCr
• seem - v. to appear to be ("She seems to be in good health.") vZTX3c:,1
• seize - v. to take quickly by force; to take control of quickly; to arrest ]V<[W,*(5
• self X - n. all that which makes one person different from others ;B^G<
• sell - v. to give something in exchange for money 82YTd(yB
• Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress 9-Ikd>9
• send - v. to cause to go; to permit to go; to cause to be carried, taken or directed to or away from a place \Bw9%P~ G
• sense - v. to come to know about by feeling, believing or understanding; n. any of the abilities to see, hear, taste, smell or feel $iEM$
• sentence - v. to declare the punishment for a crime; n. the punishment for a crime @7"xDgA
• separate - v. to set or keep people, things or ideas away from or independent from others; ad. not together or connected; different M9_
y>N[0
• series - n. a number of similar things or events that follow one after another in time, position or order S?D|"#-,
• serious - ad. important; needing careful consideration; dangerous \"V7O'S)&
• serve - v. to work as an official; to be employed by the government; to assist or help go|/I&
• service - n. an organization or system that provides something for the public ("Schools and roads are services paid for by taxes."); a job that an organization or business can do for money; military organizations such as an army, navy or air force; a religious ceremony a^~T-;_V
• set - v. to put in place or position; to establish a time, price or limit ^IjKT
• settle - v. to end (a dispute); to agree about (a problem); to make a home in a new place wlAlIvIT
• several - ad. three or more, but not many [kt!\-
• severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage 0F1 a
• sex - n. either the male or female group into which all people and animals are divided because of their actions in producing young; the physical activity by which humans and animals can produce young rG:IS
=
• shake - v. to move or cause to move in short, quick movements Gk;==~
• shape - v. to give form to; n. the form of something, especially how it looks X{| 1E85fl
• share - v. to give part of something to another or others; n. a part belonging to, given to or owned by a single person or a group; any one of the equal parts of ownership of a business or company 'aBX>M
• sharp - ad. having a thin edge or small point that can cut or hurt; causing hurt or pain TKx.`Cf
m
• she - pro. the girl or woman who is being spoken about g:dw%h
• sheep - n. a farm animal used for its meat and hair z\pT nteO
• shell - v. to fire artillery; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover V9`VFO
• shelter - v. to protect or give protection to; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety vd|PTHV_
• shine - v. to aim a light; to give bright light; to be bright; to clean to make bright ctTg-J2.
• ship - v. to transport; n. a large boat ~%qHJ4C
• shock - v. to cause to feel sudden surprise or fear; n. something that greatly affects the mind or emotions; a powerful shake, as from an earthquake R56:}<Y,
• shoe - n. a covering for the foot D?44:'x+-
• shoot - v. to cause a gun or other weapon to send out an object designed to kill; to use a gun R^iF^IB
• short - ad. lasting only for a small period of time; not long; opposite tall t4GG@`
• should - v. used with another verb (action word) to show responsibility ("We should study."), probability ("The talks should begin soon."), or that something is believed to be a good idea ("Criminals should be punished.") $iUK,
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• shout - v. to speak very loudly 6H+gF
XIv
• show - v. to make something be seen; to make known; n. a play or story presented in a theater, or broadcast on radio or television, for enjoyment or education; something organized to be seen by the public \zR@FOl`q
• shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value - jfZLO4
• sick - ad. suffering physically or mentally with a disease or other problem; not in good health 1#qyD3K
• sickness - n. the condition of being in bad health H{VVxj
• side - n. the outer surfaces of an object that are not the top or bottom; parts away from the middle; either the right or left half of the body dGt;t5AnV
• sign - v. to write one's name; n. a mark or shape used to mean something; evidence that something exists or will happen; a flat piece of material with writing that gives information iOkRB[hi
• signal - v. to send a message by signs; n. an action or movement that sends a message 3lcd:=
• silence - v. to make quiet; to stop from speaking or making noise; n. a lack of noise or sound ts`c_hH,1'
• silver - n. a valued white metal gtHWd;1&f
• similar - ad. like something else but not exactly the same Wz)s#
• simple - ad. easy to understand or do; not difficult or complex T?4MFx#
• since - prep. from a time in the past until now ("I have known her since we went to school together.") )cJ9YKKy
• sing - v. to make music sounds with the voice yw `w6Z3K
• single - ad. one only [G>8N5@*
• sink - v. to go down into water or other liquid .K]n<+zW
• sister - n. a female with the same father or mother as another person =+%QfuK
• sit - v. to rest on the lower part of the body without the support of the legs; to become seated % 3d59O
• situation - n. the way things are during a period of time i2j_=X-
• size - n. the space occupied by something; how long, wide or high something is M>nplHq
• skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions KV0M^B|W
• skill - n. the ability gained from training or experience s_S[iW`l=
• skin - n. the outer covering of humans and most animals Yj)H!Cp.xD
• sky - n. the space above the earth xTiC[<j
• slave - n. a person owned or controlled by another Y>
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• sleep - v. to rest the body and mind with the eyes closed o9&1Ct
• slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface ! eXDN
• slow - v. to reduce the speed of; ad. not fast in moving, talking or other activities M6l S2
• small - ad. little in size or amount; few in number; not important; opposite large w g?GEY
• smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with >force ,7-@eZ
• smell - v. to sense through the nose; n. something sensed by the nose ("the smell of food cooking") OZ##x
• smoke - v. to use cigarettes or other tobacco products by burning them and breathing in the smoke; n. that which can be seen rising into the air like a cloud from something burning 7%DA0.g
• smooth - ad. having a level surface; opposite rough }TE4)vXs
• snow - n. soft, white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky, usually in winter or when the air temperature is very cold xc{$=>'G
• so - ad. in such a way that ("He held the flag so all could see it."); also; too ("She left early, and so did we."); very ("I am so sick."); as a result ("They were sick, so they could not come."); conj. in order that; for the purpose of ("Come early so we can discuss the plans.") kEiWE|
• social - ad. of or about people or a group F7[ 55RcP
• soft - ad. not hard; easily shaped; pleasing to touch; not loud _=l8e-6r
• soil - n. earth in which plants grow d h5%
• soldier - n. a person in the army (jhDO7
• solid - ad. having a hard shape with no empty spaces inside; strong; not in the form of a liquid or gas (#,0\ea{x
• solve - v. to find an answer; to settle bit@Kv1<C
• some - ad. of an amount or number or part not stated; not all kD1[6cJ!=.
• son - n. a person's male child )~@iM.}S2
• soon - ad. not long after the present time; quickly $;~
• sort - n. any group of people or things that are the same or are similar in some way; a kind of something /DLgE7iU%
• sound - n. fast-moving waves of energy that affect the ear and result in hearing; that which is heard F&pJ faig
• south - n. the direction to the right of a person facing the rising sun ^q{=mf`
• space - n. the area outside the earth's atmosphere where the sun, moon, planets and stars are; the area between or inside things wX?<o
• speak - v. to talk; to say words with the mouth; to express one's thoughts to others and exchange ideas; to give a speech to a group A_nu:K-
• special - ad. of a different or unusual kind; not for general use; better or more important than others of the same kind 3pQ^vbQ"
• speech - n. a talk given to a group of people |a!y%R=
• speed - v. to make something go or move faster; n. the rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done ;F3#AO4(
• spend - v. to give as payment; to use ("He spends much time studying.") Km/#\$|}
• spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident M$L ;-T
• spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death U`*L` PM
• split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts jbrx)9Z+%
• sport - n. any game or activity of competition involving physical effort or skill 1uz7E
• spread - v. to become longer or wider; to make or become widely known q2>dPI;3T
• spring - n. the time of the year between winter and summer qC|$0
• spy - v. to steal or get information secretly; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country b Ag>;e(
• square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides 22`N(_
• stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon )TH~Tq:
• stand - v. to move into or be in a position in which only the feet are on a surface; to be in one position or place )wFr%wNe
• star - n. a mass of gas that usually appears as a small light in the sky at night, but is not a planet; a famous person, usually an actor or singer j)A$%xUo
• start - v. to begin; to make something begin b!do7%]i
• starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food fQ.{sQ$@h
• state - v. to say; to declare; n. a political part of a nation 3d_PY,=1
• station - n. a place of special work or purpose ("a police station"); a place where passengers get on or off trains or buses; a place for radio or television broadcasts %+A
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• statue - n. a form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal /C: rr_4=
• stay - v. to continue to be where one is; to remain; to not leave; to live for a time ("They stayed in New York for two years.") }iu(-{Z
• steal - v. to take without permission or paying Td|x~mZv:
• steam - n. the gas that comes from hot water e1d);m$
• steel - n. iron made harder and stronger by mixing it with other substances >%PPp.R
• step - v. to move by lifting one foot and placing it in a new position; n. the act of stepping; one of a series of actions designed to reach a goal rE WPVT
• stick - v. to attach something to another thing using a substance that will hold them together; to become fixed in one position so that movement is difficult ("Something is making the door stick."); n. a thin piece of wood }3rWmo8V
• still - ad. not moving ("The man was standing still."); until the present or a stated time ("Was he still there?"); even so; although ("The job was difficult, but she still wanted to do it.") \Gzo^w
• stone - n. a small piece of rock $IdY(f:.:5
• stop - v. to prevent any more movement or action; to come or bring to an end kJy
bA
• store - v. to keep or put away for future use; n. a place where people buy things i*q!|^M
• storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow vWM'}(
• story - n. the telling or writing of an event, either real or imagined x?|C-v
• stove - n. a heating device used for cooking qUW>qi
,
• straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns Dq~PxcnI
• strange - ad. unusual; not normal; not known a%h'utF{[
• street - n. a road in a city, town or village !edgziuO
• stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider ]0g%)f uMf
• strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands lvyD#|P
• strong - ad. having much power; not easily broken, damaged or destroyed YflotlT}
• structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building cv'Fc
• struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with; n. a great effort; a fight FyZ iiH4|
• study - v. to make an effort to gain knowledge by using the mind; to examine carefully UpA{$@
• stupid - ad. not able to learn much; not intelligent -6()$cl}0
• subject - n. the person or thing being discussed, studied or written about )kE(%q:*P$
• submarine - n. an underwater ship R+s_uwS
• substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) 0M?nXHA[
• substitute - v. to put or use in place of another; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another rL
zYkZ
• subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly \sy;ca)[6g
• succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result 7 %P?3
• such - ad. of this or that kind; of the same kind as; similar to <?TJ-
• sudden - ad. not expected; without warning; done or carried out quickly or without preparation JMMsOA_]
• suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness zn |=Q$81
• sugar - n. a sweet substance made from liquids taken from plants AR}M*sSh
• suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider :*2+
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• summer - n. the warmest time of the year, between spring and autumn '(/ZJ88JP
• sun - n. the huge star in the sky that provides heat and light to earth (VPT% l6
• supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others q5$z:'zE
• supply - v. to give; to provide; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others vWJhSpC[
• support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve t;DZ^Z"{
• suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.") D&WXa|EOK
• suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly lA4Bq
• sure - ad. very probable; with good reason to believe; true without question NVnKgGlHgd
• surface - n. the outer side or top of something ("The rocket landed on the surface of the moon.") "9[K
• surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.") ksxacRA7\
• surprise - v. to cause a feeling of wonder because something is not expected; n. something not expected; the feeling caused by something not expected Sa&~\!0t
• surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat [@}{sH(#Ta
• surround - v. to form a circle around; to be in positions all around someone or something b8J\Lm|J
• survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation &DX9m4,y
• suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal; n. a person believed to be guilty s0Ii;7fA{
• suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time F<?e79},`
• swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth xG_ ;F
• swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office ("The chief justice will swear in the president.") =+{.I,g}g@
• sweet - ad. tasting pleasant, like sugar ,q#^_/?
• swim - v. to move through water by making motions with the arms and legs s,^?|Eo;0
• sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness W%09.bF
• system - n. a method of organizing or doing something by following rules or a plan; a group of connected things or parts working together for a common purpose or goal