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• 1. 充当句子的状语。 uq3pk3
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• 2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 `Moo WG
• 3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 6La[( )
• 4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词） v_zt $bf{Y
• 例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. eKr>>4,-P
• b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. [ K?
• c) he entered the room, with his hands open （holding a rifle). _&l 8^MD
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真题剖析 P|Aac,nE+^
• (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. Yh9 5W
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because 2mEqfy
虚拟语气（1） _4>DuklH,
虚拟语气（2） {jD? o bs
• 1. （should）+动词原形 tz]0F5
• It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 uL)MbM]
• It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 "\*)KH` C
• It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 | +;ZC y
• 部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 U)kyq
• 2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 a >fA-@
would rather +动词过去式 c&T 5C, ]
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真题剖析 k
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• (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … ~jw:4sG
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t 9y\nO)\Tv
• (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. pJg:afCg
53. A. ordered B. pleaded "|i1 A R:I
C. decided D. demanded =3,<(F5Y[
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非谓语动词 x75;-q
• 动名词、分词、不定式。 ~@@t-QY
• 主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) kk126?V]_
• 发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) |QzJHP @
• To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 %|@?)[;
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真题剖析 ,,XHw;{
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• (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. !4F@ !.GG!
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60. A. dropped B. to drop C. dropping D.drops 5}N O~Xd<
主谓一致 (1) uJ*|SSN~
• 1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 x2i`$iNhmP
How you got there doesn’t concern me. fv3)#>Dgp>
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. 9 DX
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• 2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 BcGQpv &x
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. \No22Je6d
• 3. 以-s结尾的专有名词（linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等），谓语通常用单数形式。 _Q;M$.[zyR
• 4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 QQjMC'
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). ; Wr,VU]
主谓一致 (2) sXC]{]
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• 5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 ~pSD| WX
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. l:+pO{7L
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) ")M.p_b[Z=
• 6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致（as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等） !r!Mq~X<=
He no less than John is interested in literature. "Lpt@g[HF
主谓一致 (3) o w`c B
• 7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) VZlvmN
Either my father or my brothers are coming. d`nS0Tf'
• 8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 w)8@Tu:Q
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. mg,f> (
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真题剖析 a@r K% Iff
• (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. ;^8^L'7cr
53. A. none B. few C. any D. some l9ihW^
54. A. event B. work C. level D. rate ` ^ _:
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二、部分倒装 U.F65KaKF
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• 1. “There (Here) +be+主语” T_Y }1n|7[
There stand big buildings in this district. R4(8]oUW
Here on the desk lies a pile of books.
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• 2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) B^?XE(.
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. vNSf:5H$
• 3. 介词短语作状语位于句首 LeyDs>! 0
In the middle of the room stood the naughty boy. Oha g%<1#
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全部倒装 [1^wy#
• 4. 表语位于句首 Q$L(f H kw
Especially remarkable was his flat nose. 9 %14k
Not far from here is a famous university. S\;.nAR
• 5. so,nor, neither, no more 位于句首,代表前文 veg!mY2&
She wasn’t angry, and neither was I. ( v:ek_
Peter doesn’t like pop music. No more does his brother. H<}eoU.
• 6. 分词短语位于句首（分词+be +主语） 'a^tL[rLP1
Gone forever were the days that we depended on foreign oil. eI rmD
部分倒装 eSNSnh]'
• 1. 疑问句 :;;WK~* #
• 2. 否定副词(seldom, rarely, scarcely, hardly, little, never, few, not until, not only) 位于句首（作形容词时例外） 1 3 `0d
Never did John speak rudely to his parents. /
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• 3. “only+状语”位于句首 k5;Vl0Ho
Only when he comes back can be leave. * 8.@aX3
• 4. “hardly…when”, “scarcely…when”, “no sooner…than”, “not only…(but also)” 位于句首 _pko]F|()
No sooner had he got into the classroom than the class began. N46$EsO!h
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• 5. not,no组成的词组位于句首(in no way, under no circumstances, on no account…) 27E9
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By no means should you break the rules. BT #=Xh
At no time should we give in to difficulties. ,mjfZ*N
• 6. 虚拟倒装(had, were, should放到句首) o47 f
• 7. “形容词/名词/动词+as/though（尽管,虽然）+be动词” d9-mWz(V+
Small though the room is, it can hold more than twenty people. u@Cf*VPK
Search as they would, they could find nothing in the house.
