独立主格特征 6Y ]P 7j
• 1. 充当句子的状语。 &Hp*A ^M
• 2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 v"yu7tZ3N
• 3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 DKfpap}8u
• 4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词） qqZ4K:oC,
• 例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. e`={_R{N
• b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. sS
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• c) he entered the room, with his hands open （holding a rifle). d"?"(Q_8 n
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真题剖析 co8R-AB
• (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 'J} ?'{.
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because qy pF}Pw
虚拟语气（1） s(Gs?6}>T
虚拟语气（2）
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• 1. （should）+动词原形 +8Q @R)3
• It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 r- $xLe7a
• It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 MMKN^a"GA
• It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 AFL'Ox]0
• 部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 =dNE1rdzNa
• 2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 SP lt=*C#_
would rather +动词过去式
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真题剖析 ^ wZx=kas
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• (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … i ? pd|J
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t rQT%~oM:
• (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. FY Flh^}
53. A. ordered B. pleaded \8ZVI98
C. decided D. demanded CB>W# P%
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非谓语动词 %-fXa2
• 动名词、分词、不定式。 {_(R?V]w,
• 主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) Zl9
• 发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 0# 'MR.,
• To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 tQNc+>7k+u
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真题剖析 $ s1/Rmw
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• (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. 4KxuSI^q
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60. A. dropped B. to drop C. dropping D.drops w2b( ,w
主谓一致 (1) a(yWIgD\\
• 1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 yR{rje*
How you got there doesn’t concern me. #'f5owk>,
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. $ Lfbt=f
• 2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 a"Iu!$&N
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. nnBS;5
• 3. 以-s结尾的专有名词（linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等），谓语通常用单数形式。 ~~&Bp_9QXN
• 4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 =os!^{p7>
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). T; [T`
主谓一致 (2) F
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• 5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 &x*l{s[
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. a(fiW%eFb
If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) WRbdv{ 1E
• 6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致（as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等） lBG=jO S
He no less than John is interested in literature. #sF#<nHZ
主谓一致 (3) /160p l 4
• 7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) YVF@v-v-,
Either my father or my brothers are coming. "UY34a
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• 8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 @Jd eOL;
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. %kkDitmI{
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真题剖析 8N j}
• (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. .& b c3cW
53. A. none B. few C. any D. some JY:Fu
54. A. event B. work C. level D. rate KDP& I J
倒装 RJ 4=AA|
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一、全部倒装 AYoTCi%7E
二、部分倒装 ebL0 cK?
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全部倒装 ZV5IZ&V!
• 1. “There (Here) +be+主语” }(na)B{m
There stand big buildings in this district. d{WOO)j
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. Um-Xb'R*]V
• 2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) 0#Q]>V@rO4
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. Mz)
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• 3. 介词短语作状语位于句首 nC$ c.K'
In the middle of the room stood the naughty boy. ]5j>O^c<
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全部倒装 \Yv4 4*I`
• 4. 表语位于句首 HmsXV_B8[Y
Especially remarkable was his flat nose. Ka )aBU9
Not far from here is a famous university. "Rf|o 6!d
• 5. so,nor, neither, no more 位于句首,代表前文 i3(5
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She wasn’t angry, and neither was I. fgo3Gy*#
Peter doesn’t like pop music. No more does his brother. 8JMxA2tZhG
• 6. 分词短语位于句首（分词+be +主语） ^6CPC@B1
Gone forever were the days that we depended on foreign oil. =(,kjw8 8w
部分倒装 9(a* 0H
• 1. 疑问句 S@, x^/vT
• 2. 否定副词(seldom, rarely, scarcely, hardly, little, never, few, not until, not only) 位于句首（作形容词时例外） #7J3,EV
Never did John speak rudely to his parents. _|{pO7x]oG
• 3. “only+状语”位于句首 $i
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Only when he comes back can be leave. QNcl
• 4. “hardly…when”, “scarcely…when”, “no sooner…than”, “not only…(but also)” 位于句首 ${t$:0R,h
No sooner had he got into the classroom than the class began. WL\*g] K4
部分倒装 5RSP.Vyx{
• 5. not,no组成的词组位于句首(in no way, under no circumstances, on no account…) sY}0PB
By no means should you break the rules. gi? wf
At no time should we give in to difficulties. [Fd [(
• 6. 虚拟倒装(had, were, should放到句首) uy=<n5`oNG
• 7. “形容词/名词/动词+as/though（尽管,虽然）+be动词” Xlwy D
Small though the room is, it can hold more than twenty people. /w*HxtwFmD
Search as they would, they could find nothing in the house.
