高分语法讲解 kjQW9QJ<
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第一章 名词 }72\Aw5
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正确区分可数名词与不可数名词、正确选择可数名词单复数、名词之前的限定词与名词数(单复数)之间的关系以及名词在句子中承担的成分是TOEFL中常考的内容 {1=|H$wKg
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第一节 可数名词 mUl0D0#
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考点一 单复数 kE6/d,
可数名词与不可数名词的典型区别在于前者有单数和复数两种形式。 ;d>n2
TOEFL考试中经常在不可数名词后面加了s,变为复数形式,其实这是再考你辨别可数名词和不可数名词的能力。TOEFL中还经常考可数名词是采用单数还是复数, 这往往要通过句意或者其他的一些指示词来辨别。 Bi9Q8#lh
例如:various colors(various是各种各样的,后面当然要用复数形式) XXm7rn
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下面我们会讲一下复数形式。 yQ^, >eh
复数形式简而言之就是在单数词尾加-s,但实际上细分起来还有一些具体的规则: Y(aUB$"
1.结尾是s, o, x, ch, sh 的词, 加-es, 如:buses, tomatoes, faxes, matches, brushes iM7^
2.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的词, 去掉y加-ies, 如: factory-factories 22y
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3.结尾是f, fe的词, 去掉f, fe加-ves, 如: half-halves, knife-knives rF}Q(<Y86
4.结尾是o, f 的词也有一些加-s, 如: photos, beliefs, chiefs gP|-A`y
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例题: u,:hT]
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(1) Flower have long been cultivated and bred for their beauty and their fragrance. |_g7k2oLY
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答案:A k(7Q\JKE
应改为:Flowers Y|wjt\M
解释:表泛指时,可数名词可用不定冠词加单数或直接用复数,因谓语是复数,故改为复数 [X /s^42
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(2) Doctor are discovering that there is a strong psychological component to chronic %=*|:v
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pain. B1FJAKI);
答案:A Odw'Ua
应改为:Doctors CvZ\Z472.j
解释:表泛指时,可数名词用冠词加单数或直接用复数,因谓语动词是复数,故名词也用复数 Tc"J(GWG
考点二 复数形式特例 a-S
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这部分主要考察学生对特殊复数形式的记忆,作为考题并不过多的出现,但是在题干中的出现率却非常高,因此熟悉下列一些词的复数形式有助于理解题意 !U}2YM
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1.单复数词形相同 y]PuY\+
如: people, fish, Chinese(某国人), aircraft, means, series, species,sheep, deer, aircraft等 |ssl0/
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2.外来词保留了原来的复数形式, 这一点需要重点掌握, 如: w
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basis-bases analysis-analyses crisis-crises V'>P lb.A
medium(媒体)-media datum(数据)-data curriculum(课程)-curricula 4X/UyBk
larva(幼虫)-larvae criterion(标准)-criteria phenomenon(现象)-phenomena 6jBi?>[I
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3.通常只以复数形式出现的词语, 如: =#p
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clothes trousers compasses(圆规) scales(天平) savings(储蓄), )qMbk7:v\
statistics(统计数据), headquarters(总部), W 2[]m>;
4.复数形式有特殊意义的词语, 如: _()1"5{
goods(货物), manners(礼貌), troops(军队), authorities(当局) /
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5 不规则的名词复数 -n[(0n3c
child - children mouse - mice louse - lice 7$g$p&,VX
tooth - teeth foot - feet eC%Skw
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6.注意:有一些结尾是-s的词, 但是要当作单数看待, 如: physics, politics, mathematics是表示学科的不可数名词 EZjtZMnj
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例题: Q 318a0
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(1) With the incorporation of jazz history into current academic curricula, leading ?$
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jazz musicians are now founding on the faculties of several universities. d,l?{Ln
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(2) &*7KQd
Like some other running birds, the sanderling lacks a back toe and has a three-toed 'n-y*f
A B C vaP`'
feet. ^5Lk}<utw
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答案:D (oX!D(OI
应改为:foot }kr?+)wB
解释:feet是foot的复数形式, 不定冠词a 之后应接可数名词的单数, 故将feet 改为单数 HW~-GcU-o
词汇:sanderling: 三趾滨鹬 Ws`ndR
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第二节 限定词 kq5X<'MM9N
名词究竟要用单数还是复数, 与名词之前的限定词有很大关系, 限定词通常分如下几类: JJtx `@Bc
1.之后肯定接单数: '-RacNY
a /an, every, one, another, each, either, this, that, such a, many a, etc. m?<E >-bI
例句: Each of them has two books. Px=@Tw N,
You can read either book. (两本书你可以随便读一本) }H\I[5*
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2.之后肯定接复数: \/Mx|7<
these, those, many, such, other, esn
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大于one的数词(ten, hundred, thousand, million…), _i+@HXR &
a few /few /fewer /fewest, a (great /good / large /small) number of, several [MFnS",7c
one of, all (of), some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of &R%'s1]o
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3.之后既可接单数又可接复数: the, no, his, her, their, my, etc BtC*]WB"_'
注意:这几类词大多不能同时使用 DaQl ip
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考点一 否定限定词no )?$[iu7 s
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(1) no既可用于可数名词复数前又可用于单数前, 表示否定意义. 例如: V9<`?[Usv
No flowers in the garden. 花园里没有花. @m#OhERv
No one is here. 3OZPy|".ax
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(2) no与否定副词not的区别是改错题的常见考点。 二者的区别在于: IA@>'O
no直接修饰名词, 不能与其他限定词同时出现; m$W>~
not一般出现在be动词或助动词之后, a, an, any等限定词之前, 它是否定式的组成要素, 而不是名词的限定词 g|>LT_
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例题: -^xbd_'
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The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ---- clearly understood. 43PLURay
(A) none cs+3&T:,*
(B) no %y6(+I#P
(C) not hO=L|BJ?I
(D) nor K& #il
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答案: C <.6rl
解释: 此句主谓完整, 据选项可知空白处需填入合适的词使原句变为否定, 只有否定副词not可以和is配合构成否定句, A、B、D 之后都需要名词词组, 不符题意 S(zp_
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(2) 1!<t8,W4
Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when MuoE~K2
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Frances Perkins became secretary of labor. F8f}PV]b
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答案: A vI{aF-
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应改为: No !T{+s
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解释: Not是否定副词应置于be动词或助动词之后, 且它与单数名词间需加冠词, 而no是形容词, 可以直接修饰后面的名词 jRJG .hcB5
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考点二 their等物主代词 8xPt1Sotq[
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1.物主代词是常见的名词限定词, 其后既可接可数名词的单复数(his pen, his pens)又可接不可数名词(his time), 但不可与其他的限定词同时出现(部分数词除外),例如:不能说no my car, my no car,但是可以说 My two red cars 0:$}~T9T
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2.英语中许多习惯用法在表示特指时都用物主代词而不用the, 为的是更突出所属关系,这在TOEFL中是一个常考的点 w% %q/![uy
例如:Manufacutrers of consumer goods often change the styles of their products. x4MmBVqp
这里用their 而不用 the 0*gvHVd/l
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例题: 8q^}AT<C
(1) (` *BZ_
A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten 5\Q Tm;
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the lives. U,Z\)+-R
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答案: D Coi[cfg0
应改为: their m
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解释: 定冠词the指代不清, 用物主代词their作名词lives的限定语更符合英语习惯, 还可突出lives 与people之间的所属关系 Ku(YTXtK
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(2) bb6x} jR
A liquid is similar to a gas because has molecules are not fixed to each other in any l6 G6H$
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specific way. eh86-tQI~(
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答案: B q0.!T0i
应改为: its I\l&'Q^0@
解释: has是动词, 不能修饰名词, 且与从句的谓语冲突, 依句意改为物主代词its作molecules的限定语 on_h'?2
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考点三 只接复数名词的限定词 )lG}B U.
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a (large /small /great /considerable /remarkable) number of, a variety of, a set of, a few, 等表示数的固定词组之后总是接复数名词 %2QGbnt_*
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例题: [JOa^U=
(1) };Q}C0E
In mathematical terms, modern algebra is set of objects with rules for connecting or ;K<VT\
A B C "n%j2"TYJj
relating those objects. 25X|N=}
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答案: B ]#o;`5'
应改为: is a set &^`Wtd~g
解释: a set of是固定词组, 表示一套、一组, 后面接可数名词的复数, 与题中objects吻合 9g6$"',H
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(2) a\P :jgF
At birth, an infant exhibits a remarkable number of motor response. q{w|`vIb
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答案: D R27'00(Z0
应改为: responses oCT,v 0+4O
解释: 短语a number of 后面要求接可数名词的复数, number前可加某些形容词如great, considerable, remarkable, small 等表示a lot of 或 a few +`d92T z
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注意 “the number of” 和 “a number of”的区别 B^2r4
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The number of boys in Class Five is 25. (五班男孩的数目是25, 后面谓语动词用单数) ]]|#+$ ~
A small number of families are able to afford an apartment. (少数家庭能够买得起一套住房, ) "51/,D
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第三节 冠词作限定词 klKUX/g
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冠词是一个虚词,本身不能够独立使用, 必须和一个名词连用。TOEFL出题主要集中在a和an的区别,那些地方要加the那些地方不加。 CR [>5/:M
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考点一 不定冠词a / an g 4+K"Q/M
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不定冠词a和an后面当然接单数,a和an 的主要区别是: ;1&"]N%
a 用于以辅音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: a tower, a university kn:hxdZ
an用于以元音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: an orange, an hour 'xS@cFo(
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不定冠词a / an与可数名词单数连用, 表示泛指 “一个”、 “某一个”, 有时还可代表一类人或事物. 在作表语或同位语的可数名词单数前一般都要加不定冠词(除非名词前已有物主代词作限定语, 如my pen).
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例题: / =9Y(v
(1) (Z<@dkO?)
How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever JWHsTnB
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been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it. 7c\W&ZEmb-
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答案: B有错
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应改为: puzzle. @PM<pEve
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, puzzling是分词, 不能单独与a 连用, 故改为名 词puzzle ;BuMzG:tmZ
(2) $'l<2h>4
Whether a healthy adult tends to feel hungry two, three, or four times a daily is a G^{~'TZv%
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question of physiology and of culture. <Y6Vfee,&
答案: D有错 G+#bO5
应改为: day wfO-bzdw
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, 而daily是形容词, 不能单独与a连用, 故改为 名词day {ccc[G?>.Q
(3) rOOo42YW`
Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the MR|A_e^x
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nonprofessional metal worker. X.{xHD&_
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答案: C ajkV"~w',|
应改为: still a practical [? "hmSJ
解释: medium是可数名词, 在句中作表语, 其单数之前应该用不定冠词 Lea4-Gc
a, an的误用是TOEFL常见的改错题型 wmV=GV8 d
例题: psvc,
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A emotion is not necessarily aroused by something in the outside world. q5Zu'-Cx@
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答案: A rmB
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应改为: An emotion UxMy8}w!y
解释: emotion是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an
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(2) hgYFR6VH
If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine D(Z#um8n
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chemically with other atoms. xBc$qjV
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答案: A iLQO
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应改为: an atom Jv
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解释: atom是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an >=rniHs=?7
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考点二 定冠词the j/O9LygB
定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,针对TOEFL应注意以下几点: nzxHd7NIZ
(1) the和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如: us5Zi# }
the fern(蕨类), the wallflower *fd:(dN|
(2) 序数词之前必须用the,如: )w}'kih
the first woman, the nineteenth century -A}$5/
但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby UCmJQJc
(3) 形容词最高级之前必须用the(有物主代词时除外),如: aA*h *
the largest city, the most advanced technology ?l[#d7IB
(4) of连接的名词前多用the, 如: ;=%cA#}_0
the development of the watch, FME,W&_d
(5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加the, 如: ZQR)k:k7
the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun 9]chv>dO)=
在下列情况下,一般不用the: <b4}
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(1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如: R))4J
Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English(英语), February(二月), America(美国) O d6'bO;G
但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上the U/HF6=Wot
the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江) 4y.'O
(2) 无特指的不可数名词前,如: d]_].D$
algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学) j$u
(3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如: 4*n1Xu7^x
Historians believe that…, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from… ~y 2joStx
(4) 一些固定词组中,如: ,o
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in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed K^/.v<w
乘车的词组: 0ly6 |:
by train(乘火车), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车), I_Gm2Dd
by land(由陆路), by sea (由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空) 8;UkZN"hy5
on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船), 8BY`~TZO$q
打球的词组: 2:[<E2z
play tennis, play baseball, play basketball j9%vw.3b
注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the) chairman of the committee. C3<_0eI
例题:
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Historically, ---- chief material for making furniture has been wood, but metal and stone have also been used. Py9:(fdS
(A) it was the 2C_I3S~U
(B) that the MqWM!v-M
(C) there was a >G0ihhVt
(D) the =*?XZA)c
答案:D Nw1 .x
解释:空格后是主谓句,A、C可先排除,B使原句只有从句没有主句,只剩下D可选,D是定冠词作名词material的限定词,表特指 t/]za4w/
(2) "LZv\c~v,%
The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of LKud'
A B ,+5!1>\
Alaska and a territory of the Canada. {X\FS
C D MLmk=&d
答案:D 2Aq+:ud)P
应改为:of :r_/mzR#
解释:Canada是国名,属专用名词,之前不能加定冠词 \7(OFT\u:
(3) ${UH!n{
The development of professional sports in the United States dates back to p!(]`N
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nineteenth century. ;p(Doy)i
D _lOyT$DN
答案:D `]2y=f<{X
应改为:to the nineteenth j+3=&PkA.]
解释:nineteenth是序数词,之前应加the )]JQlm:H
第四节 不可数名词 $I3}%'`+
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英文中常把抽象名词和物质名词视为不可数名词, 而其划分的标准往往与汉语的习惯不同, 因此是学习英文的一个难点, 也是TOEFL中常出现的题型 ,xC@@>f
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抽象名词如: 4V5h1/JPm
(不可触及的东西,表示动作、状态、品质、感情等)如: _ Av_jw`m
news(新闻), information(信息), population(人口), MJ@PAwv"
English(英语), music(音乐), management(管理), :LR>U;2
enthusiasm(热情) work(工作), happiness(高兴) H[iR8<rhQ
还有表达学科类的名词如: /.@"wAw:
physics物理, politics政治学, mathematics数学, @yn1#E,
mechanics力学, statistics(统计学) bioloby(生物学) :W1B"T<
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物质名词如: V)Y#m/$`
equipment(装备), chalk(粉笔), glass(玻璃), wEb10t,
grass(草), jewelry(珠宝) wood(木头) ,fD#)_\g2
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考点一 与可数名词的显著区别 'di(5
1. 不可数名词没有复数形式, 其数的表示必须通过 “数词+量词+of+不可数名词” 的结构或一些特定的限定词, 'WJ3q|o/
如:a sheet of steel(一片钢), a piece of furniture(一件家具), 0\yA6`}!
two pieces of work(两份工作) an item of news(一条新闻) N/N~>7f
2. 不可数名词不能直接出现在不定冠词a, an之后 A#Jx6T`a
不能够说:an advice(一个建议) ,而应该说 a piece of advice i~EFRI@
3. 当表示一类事物时, 可数名词可以通过加a, an、加复数、或加定冠词the等方式, &qae+p?
而可数名词一般直接用原形表示种类 &^^V*O
例题: p6W|4_a?
(1) _air'XQ&!
Historians believe that some forms of an advertising must be as old as barter and ]F*fQNcjy
A B C D a}/ A]mu
trade. 8~8VoU&
答案:C Ex}hk!
应改为:advertising WBY_%RTx
解释:advertising是不可数名词,不能加冠词 h7F5-~SpD
词汇:barter: 实物交易 QlK]2r9
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考点二 限定词 S;I}:F#5
不可数名词的限定词和不可数名词原形连用, 下面这些限定词后面一定跟不可数名词: QL`Hb p
much, a large amount of, a great deal of, a wealth of(大量的、丰富的) tkKiuh?m
little /a little /less /least, a piece /sheet /slice /bar of, 属不可数名词专用 {E$smX
例题: `ehcj
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(1) :"I!$_E'
Because they are generally taken simply to obtain a recognizable and relatively clear 6$A>%Jtwe
A B C 6_kv~`"t Z
image, most nonprofessional photographs demand few equipment. 9B?-&t
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答案:D 6#(==}Sm+
应改为:little. jPa"|9A
解释:equipment是不可数名词, 不能用few修饰, 应改为和其对应的little ?]PE!7H
(2) + Un(VTD
Data received from two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence that huge .6[7D
A B \x;`8H
thunderstorms are now occurring around the equator of the planet Saturn. ="J *v>
C D z^^)n
答案:B szC<ht?z
应改为:much evidence ]-"G:r
解释:many是复数名词的限定词,而evidence是不可数名词,应用much作限定词 hU6oWm
另外一些词(词组)如such, some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of等既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词。 "kd)dy95H
例如: !8*lU2
a lot of students , a lot of money <sli!rv
the rest of the students, the rest of money #%7)a; '
Pansies can be cultivated easily in home gardens, but they require plenty of water and not too much sun. M`)/^S9
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第五节 所有格及of结构 RG_.0'5=hc
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考点一 词尾加 's或 ' 的所有格 {2F@OfuCF
所谓名词所有格即表示名词之间所有关系的特殊结构, 其最普通的形式为: n. +'s, gE: ?C2
如: my mother's coat, the headmaster's home, the president's office LR#BP}\b'
如果原词结尾已有s, 则只要加 ' , @L$!hTaP
如: the students' union, the ladies' room L@s_)?x0
例题: L Iz<fB
(1) T:Nc^QP|tm
It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes ----round shape into a teardrop shape. S#:l17e3
(A) of the drop Kf1NMin7
(B) the drop's )M><09
(C) drop of 7@
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{
(D) drops their ^!fY~(=U4
答案: (B) Z+=M_{`{
解释: 此句包含由that引导的宾语从句, 从句谓语动词changes的宾语不完整, 据选项推知需要一个和round shape 搭配的表所属关系的词组, (B) 恰好构成所有格形式. 若选(A), 语序应为the round shape of the drop; (C) 所属关系颠倒; (D) 结构混乱 h:RP/0E
(2) g%<n9AUl
Over a very lar dTjDVq&Hz
ge number of trials, the probability of an event's ---- is equal to the probability that it will not occur. J6Vx7
(A) occurs F?^L^N^
(B) will occur ;y_ ]w6|n
(C) can occur gxx#<=`
(D) occurring E>+>!On)b
答案:D .$@+ /@4
解释:句中已有谓语动词, 's只可能是名词所有格的标志, 后面自然应接名词性的结构, D之外的选项均可一次性排除 Y_K W9T_
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考点二 of结构 Q':hmulT!
所有格主要用于有生命的个体(人、国家或动物), 那么大多数无生命的物质或抽象概念间的所有关系,或者说凡是不能够加's的名词,都可用of结构构成短语来表示所有关系, 需要注意of前后都是名词(包括代词和动名词) P ^ 4 @
如: the title of the passage :bm%f%gg
例如: |kP utB
(1) zy5F
O<->
James Whistler was indifferent to the titles of his painted and even changed the names xv&h>GOg
A B C C~R
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of some works years after their completion. ]f0OmUHR5i
D ^qnmKA>"F
答案: C J\P6
应改为: paintings e[16
7uU
解释: of 之前是名词, 后面也需要一个名词共同构成表示所有关系的结构, 将分词painted改为名词, 这个词组的意思为他的画的题目 JQ6M,O
(2) +:"0%(
Muscular motion is caused by the stimulate of specific nerve cells in the brain and iGkysU<wcp
A B C D :eSsqt9]9
spinal cord. Fn7OmxfD
答案: B UKQ"sC
应改为: stimulation Px&_6}YWy
解释: 定冠词the之后需要名词与of+n.(specific nerve cells)结构搭配表示所属关系, stimulate是动词, 应改为名词形式 u>n"FL'e
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第六节 名词在句中的作用 'It8h$^j
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考点一 名词(词组)作主语 U(9_&sL
填空题中经常出现句子中缺少主语的题型, 大多数都需要填入名词或名词短语 y?3.W
例题: (v%24bv
(1) H=Ilum06
In 1964 ----of Henry Ossawa Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution. Be=rBrI>
(A) was a major collection 0=#>w_B
(B) that a major collection >
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(C) a collection was major s0^(yEcq
(D) a major collection k%sH0 9
答案: (D) BUJ\[/
解释: 此句主语残缺, 且谓语动词was shown 需与单数主语搭配, 故填入单数名词词组. (A) (C)中的was均与原文中was冲突, 违背了谓语唯一的原则, (B) 使原句变为只有从句无主句 lOk8VlH<h
(2) yjg&/6
The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of n+Kv^Y`qxO
A B C D ylKK!vRHT
medieval alchemists. . \"k49M`
答案:A :Iv;%a0 -
应改为:beginnings. |4Q*4s
解释:句子的主语应采用名词形式, begins 是动词的第三人称单数形式, 不能置于the之后作主语 hPDKxYD]f
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考点二 名词(词组)作宾语 t>I.1AS
填空题中有相当一部分缺少动词宾语的题需填入名词或名词短语 &0Yg
:{k$
例题: DAB9-[y+
(1) sQvRupYRO
In 1961 the entertainer Chubby Checker introduced a ----to New York's rock'n 'roll fans. HYmC3
(A) new dance, the twist lmvp,BzC
(B) twist, was the new dance kI^*
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(C) twist, the new dance that l@4_D;b3o"
(D) new dance is the twist GiV%Hcx
答案: (A) 0=j }`
解释: 谓语动词introduce的宾语不完整, 由空格前的a可肯定应填入名词词组, (B) (D) 都用谓语结构可首先排除, (C) 中的that无法与空格后的部分构成从句, 只有(A) 符合名词作宾语的要求, 其中逗号后是名词作同位语 QPJ\Iu@D$
(2) .$qa?$@
Instructors at the school of American Ballet first examine a young applicant's instep cz>,sz~i
A B E-bswUVaEE
to see whether it is pliant and shows promising of a good arch.
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C D }TmOoi(X@
答案: D t4WB^dHYp
应改为: promise. b(H{i}{]
解释: 形容词promising不能作动词show的宾语, 需改为名词 VY0.]t
Z/#_Swv
考点三 名词(词组)作同位语 kQ`tY`3F
同位语主要由名词词组充当, 对其前面的名词或代词作补充说明, BUO5g8m{
I came from Jiangying, a very beautiful and peaceful town. ,fkvvM{mq
例题: 9u B?-.
(1) RgJ@J/p"
In the nineteenth century, Samuel Gridley Howe founded the Perkins School for the Blind, ----for children in Boston, Massachusetts. 3Vb4z
Zsl
(A) that institutes )ZG;.j
(B) while instituted )r2Y@+.FN
(C) was an institution i"2OsGT
(D) an institute V]=22Cxi'~
答案: (D) SepjF
解释: 空白前的句子结构完整, 空格后的结构和宾语的很相似, (D)为名词词组, 构成宾语的同位语 ^|]&"OaB
Z
(2) Hq3|>OqC2Q
Martha Graham, ----, has run her own dance company for half a century. o>el"0rn.h
(A) is the great modern choreographer 1|bXIY.J*
(B) one of the great modern choreographers b+rxin".
(C) that the great modern choreographers N'Gq9A
(D) the modern choreographers were great /x<g$!`X
答案:B ?YhDjQs
解释:此句主谓俱全, 空格设在主语和谓语之间, 且两端都有逗号, 推知缺少的是主语的同位语, B是名词词组, 可以胜任;A D中的动词与原句谓语冲突; C 不是完整的同位语从句