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楼主  发表于: 2009-10-16   

考博英语写作技巧

本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] 0QcC5y;  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] 4c0 =\v  
有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥],很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] v)1@Ew=Y%  
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] =^3 Z L  
经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] WCRGqSr4  
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”
(适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] 4sMA'fG  
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. %0&59q]LM  
(适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] (J} tCqP  
更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] ;#)sV2F\&  
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… dT?mMTKn+  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] `cg yiJ  
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] M$,4B  
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] @KJ~M3d0l  
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college eU(cn8/}  
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. ;2N: =Rv  
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] zPm|$d  
Honesty @5}(Y( @  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] erlg\-H   
Travel by Bike !KC4[;Y  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] NWue;u^  
Youth _D"V^4^yqu  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] _kEU=)Xe  
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? d C> [[_  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] aO &!Y\=@  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] %_ (Xn  
A recent statistics shows that … &[b(Lx|i  
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] M.qE$  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] O%s7}bR3  
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]总而言之[font=ˎ̥]之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] \%}w7J;  
Obviously
(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good q"0_Px9P  
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. v`&>m '  
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]显而见之[font=ˎ̥],但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥] ?Gx-q+H  
更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] Y>2oU`ly,  
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus h^v+d*R N  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] w!r.MWE  
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… K |^OnM  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥] XyYP!<].C  
如果说[font=ˎ̥]如此结论[font=ˎ̥]是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]如此建议[font=ˎ̥]应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] @yNCWa~N  
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve ;>CM 1  
the problem. nmw#4yHYy:  
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] RDxvN:v  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] 6m0- he~  
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. Wgm{ ]9Q  
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be g oZw![4l  
taken. k $E{'Dv  
写作的[font=ˎ̥]七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]:一、[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] N)EJP ~0  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] >P}6/L  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is LHMA-0$?)  
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to v*&WqVg  
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite X\|h:ce  
similar. i\zN1T_  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] [Qn=y/._r  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] 72\o6{BiC  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] i9^m;Y)^I  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] qf*e2" ~v  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥] MC_i"P6a  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully /mQ9} E4X  
prepared before the exam
(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, vPsf{[Kr  
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、[font=ˎ̥] 2 W Wr./q  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] nm`}Z'&)  
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥] txix =  
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]标签[font=ˎ̥]来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] ~p$ncIr 2Q  
1
[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] +zzS  
2
[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] ixJwv\6Y  
3
[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] oT^r  
4
[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, C72btS  
lastly
(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] y5:al7*P  
5
[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] B=hJ* ;:p  
6
[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] b* o,re)Dj  
7
[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] #*;Nb  
8
[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally Bk8 '*O/)  
9
[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] UE/N -K)`  
10
[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] cP[]\r+Kj  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] ?p!+s96  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] Vr<ypyC  
I cannot bear it. }S>:!9f  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. K7 $Vl"l  
I want it. 8Zvh"Z?  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. 91bJ7%  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] ^p!bteA>  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, 1Qgd^o:d  
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital /yj-^u\R  
之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] Ss{  
走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room T+|V;nP.  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room Y/w) VV  
*****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room JPTVZ  
小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room },5_h0  
老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room #%g~fh  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] 5CuK\<  
1
)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] |d1%N'Ll  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, dc0Ro,  
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] q3E_.{t  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. DqHVc)9  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] weiqt *,8  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. GcPhT  
其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] lYu1m  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover i>[1^~;  
2
)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] S,,3h0$X  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] Xsc5@O!  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. w{"GA ~=  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. 9{bzxM  
更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] (&$|R\W.  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, %?EOD=e =  
despite, notwithstanding :*!u\lV\  
3
)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so[font=ˎ̥] 0ZV)Y<DJ  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] BK m$H! u  
The snow began to fall, so we went home. 0PnW|N0  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] (r.{v@h,dV  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a puv*p %E  
result, for this reason, so that 1h+!<c q  
4
)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] Sh]x`3 ).  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] Wx/!My u  
举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. .>?["e#,  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. ~]/X,Cf  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] .VmI4V?}h  
When to go, Why he goes away… Em@h5V  
5
)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] bYdC.AE  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] c`X'Q)c&K  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. g#_?Vxt  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. ),\>'{~5&  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. }]zmp/;a  
其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom 4 _N)1u !  
or that
关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] #fGb M!3p  
6
)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] #s#z@F  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] |-_5ou N.  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated 2c%}p0<;|?  
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. |k/;.  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such Op)0D:BmR  
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean  A ] U]  
tides. sD{b0mZT  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, 45MK|4\Y_  
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
(气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] P>@`hZ9 o  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] d;<n [)@  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] ,uKvE`H  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] HqXo;`Yy}  
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb FOk @W&  
the Western Hills. RaU.yCYyu  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about X^|oY]D  
three times that of China. 0dcXgP  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] Q"hI!PO+  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] H;sQ]:.*]  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] 3(5RUI-  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted n~&R_"mv(  
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as CMBW]b|   
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. ~o/^=:*  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will Oq[E\8Wn  
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the rp'fli?0e  
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. ,K9UT#h  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] ZM#WdP  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, 4*+EUJ|  
for example
二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] 7%E1F)%  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] `>sqP aD  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥]through O h" ^  
comparison
)和不同点([font=ˎ̥]through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥] ]~q N<x  
相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] /B!m|)h5~  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner %UQ{'JW?K  
相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] '!2t9B8XX  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, %b{!9-n}  
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, *.*:(7`  
三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] og\XLJ}_  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] `{wku@  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! T8441qo{>  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. iCK$ o_`?  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love pMquu&Td  
with you. qE{cCS  
或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] - X_w&  
I cannot bear it. {@#L'i|  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. "<2b jy  
因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with &JlR70gdHi  
it or I am fed up with it. Qf|}%}% fp  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] -(uBTO s  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more Dq?HUb^ X  
simply
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沙发  发表于: 2009-10-26   
谢谢分享,顶一下哈
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板凳  发表于: 2010-03-05   
谢谢,好资料啊
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