加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 考博报班 每日签到
   
主题 : 考博英语写作技巧
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2009-10-16   

考博英语写作技巧

本来想上传附件大家下载的 可是没有找到怎么传 只好贴上来给大家看看了 希望能有用!
开头万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] QJ3#~GYNr  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式一:名人名言[font=ˎ̥] X58U>4a  
有人问了,[font=ˎ̥]我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?[font=ˎ̥],很好办:编![font=ˎ̥] Vw1>d+<~-)  
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?[font=ˎ̥] RbX9PF"|+  
经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] Ln4]uqMG.  
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”
(适用于已记住的名言)[font=ˎ̥] $G-<kC}8:  
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 8u2k-_9  
(适用于自编名言)[font=ˎ̥] UPI- j#yc  
更多经典句型:[font=ˎ̥] l!f_ +lv  
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… I&{T 4.B:U  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 开头万能公式二:数字统计[font=ˎ̥] /)6T>/  
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。[font=ˎ̥] M bWby'  
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:[font=ˎ̥] TKR#YJQ?K  
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college t,?, T~#9  
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. o]q ~sJVk6  
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:[font=ˎ̥] %):_  
Honesty Nvgi&iBh8  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中[font=ˎ̥]78%都是假的。[font=ˎ̥] |%C2 cx  
Travel by Bike `eM ZhY o  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。[font=ˎ̥] )X0=z1$  
Youth rG P;0KtQ  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的[font=ˎ̥]70%都是在休闲娱乐。[font=ˎ̥] >qo!#vJc a  
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? J8emz8J  
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,[font=ˎ̥]98%的人同意每周五天工作日。[font=ˎ̥] ]q1w@)]n}  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] 0]4X/u#N  
A recent statistics shows that … mD'nF1o Ly  
结尾万能公式:[font=ˎ̥] 8"j$=T6;W  
[font=ˎ̥]1[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式一:如此结论[font=ˎ̥] : :>|[ND  
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个[font=ˎ̥]总而言之[font=ˎ̥]之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:[font=ˎ̥] gw)4P tb!  
Obviously
(此为过渡短语)[font=ˎ̥], we can draw the conclusion that good yv4x.cfI2W  
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. cy8>M))c  
如果读者很难[font=ˎ̥]显而见之[font=ˎ̥],但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了![font=ˎ̥] ] `$6=) _X  
更多过渡短语:[font=ˎ̥] 6\.g,>   
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus VZi1b0k1.  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] @rYZ0`E9  
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… ZWCsrV*;  
2
[font=ˎ̥] 结尾万能公式二:如此建议[font=ˎ̥] nX (bVT4i  
如果说[font=ˎ̥]如此结论[font=ˎ̥]是结尾最没用的废话,那么[font=ˎ̥]如此建议[font=ˎ̥]应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽![font=ˎ̥] NPH(v`  
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve GJB+] b-  
the problem. gX{j$]^6G8  
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?[font=ˎ̥] o DZZ  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] w5i*pOG)Z  
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. XZOBK^,5^B  
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be < 9]"p2  
taken. (d &" @  
写作的[font=ˎ̥]七项基本原则[font=ˎ̥]:一、[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] (]q ([e  
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:[font=ˎ̥] +PYV-@q  
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is 2?ue.1C  
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to bSIY|/d+  
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite 'gN[LERT  
similar. Kh3i.gm7g  
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记![font=ˎ̥] 0") _%  
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、[font=ˎ̥] 570ja7C:  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 句原则[font=ˎ̥] c^_+<C-F  
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成[font=ˎ̥]群龙无首[font=ˎ̥]之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事![font=ˎ̥] CZzt=9  
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的![font=ˎ̥] ?.,F3@W "  
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully mg*iW55g  
prepared before the exam
(主题句)[font=ˎ̥]. Without sufficient preparation, eV_ ",W  
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.
三、[font=ˎ̥] ` &=%p |  
[font=ˎ̥] [font=ˎ̥] 三原则[font=ˎ̥] [p4([ef '  
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点[font=ˎ̥] # 9bw 'm  
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的[font=ˎ̥]标签[font=ˎ̥]来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。[font=ˎ̥] <1vogUDW  
1
[font=ˎ̥]first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] &4wSX{c/P  
2
[font=ˎ̥]firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] "U9e)a0v  
3
[font=ˎ̥]the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] }Q[U4G  
4
[font=ˎ̥]in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, k7JC~D E#  
lastly
(不推荐,原因:俗)[font=ˎ̥] $m)eO8S+  
5
[font=ˎ̥]to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] :tENn r.9v  
6
[font=ˎ̥]to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] Zc";R!At  
7
[font=ˎ̥]first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)[font=ˎ̥] FS7D  
8
[font=ˎ̥]most important of all, moreover, finally %M_F/O  
9
[font=ˎ̥]on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] jz3f{~   
10
[font=ˎ̥]for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)[font=ˎ̥] ;qzn_W  
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、[font=ˎ̥] 短语优先原则[font=ˎ̥] DW,Z})9  
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点[font=ˎ̥]精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:[font=ˎ̥] )"Ujx`]4r  
I cannot bear it. *"jlsI  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. C\[:{d  
I want it. ,A#gF_8  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I am looking forward to it. c*w0Jz>@.7  
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、[font=ˎ̥] 多实少虚原则[font=ˎ̥] s4Jy96<  
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说[font=ˎ̥]nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如[font=ˎ̥]generous, ;<MHl[jJD  
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital P e} T  
之类的形象词。再比如:[font=ˎ̥] 6XAofN/5f  
走出房间,[font=ˎ̥]general的词是:[font=ˎ̥]walk out of the room [IyC}lSW^-  
但是小偷走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]slip out of the room  ?nJv f  
*****走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]sail out of the room 5IgO4<B  
小孩走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]dance out of the room 5rtE/ {A  
老人走出房间应该说:[font=ˎ̥]stagger out of the room >N0L  
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、[font=ˎ̥] 多变句式原则[font=ˎ̥] ZKS]BbMZa  
1
)加法(串联)[font=ˎ̥] .*?-j?U.  
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加[font=ˎ̥]and, ZlMS=<hgFx  
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:[font=ˎ̥] $|@-u0sv  
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. ErQGVE;zk  
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:[font=ˎ̥] /*6[Itm_h  
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. ASSe;+yp  
其它的短语可以用:[font=ˎ̥] ^ %1u3  
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover Z0 c|;  
2
)转折(拐弯抹角)[font=ˎ̥] |41~U\  
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。[font=ˎ̥] CQ{p v3)  
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. $m-@ICG#  
The coat was thin, but it was warm. +}g6X6m  
更多的短语:[font=ˎ̥] p8iKZI]g  
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, nx!+: P ,  
despite, notwithstanding H@|m^1  
3
)因果([font=ˎ̥]so, so, so[font=ˎ̥] a 4? c~bs  
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友[font=ˎ̥]可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系![font=ˎ̥] 0,cU^HMA  
The snow began to fall, so we went home. E]p D p /D  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] K7,Sr1O `  
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a Pp;OkI``[  
result, for this reason, so that 0c&DSL}6  
4
)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)[font=ˎ̥] ~T=a]V  
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。[font=ˎ̥] h\6 t\_^\  
举例:[font=ˎ̥]This is what I can do. u} [.*e  
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. j 9f QV  
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:[font=ˎ̥] \ 5# eBJ  
When to go, Why he goes away… m*14n_m'  
5
)附加(多此一举)[font=ˎ̥] c`UizZ  
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。[font=ˎ̥] d-I&--"ju  
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. W#L/|K!S  
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. s[t?At->  
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. ^= qL[S6/M  
其实很简单,同位语[font=ˎ̥]--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句[font=ˎ̥]借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是[font=ˎ̥]whom "i\^GK=  
or that
关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。[font=ˎ̥] Ee{Y1W  
6
)排比(排山倒海句)[font=ˎ̥] N1JM[< PP  
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势![font=ˎ̥] lG`%4}1  
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated nR,Qq IFFw  
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. /kqa|=-`q  
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such S3y(' PeF  
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean q]Af I(  
tides. 0>ce~KU  
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, Lr*\LP6jx3  
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.
(气势恢宏)[font=ˎ̥] ~Vf A  
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、[font=ˎ̥] 挑战极限原则[font=ˎ̥] +-Z `v  
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀![font=ˎ̥] j;EH[3  
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上[font=ˎ̥]5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:[font=ˎ̥] RVh{wg  
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb V=H:`n3k  
the Western Hills. ,Y7QmbX^  
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about Lv<vMIr  
three times that of China. 4i+H(d n  
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪![font=ˎ̥] ZQ_AqzT3D  
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例[font=ˎ̥] C~04#z_$  
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子![font=ˎ̥] vywpX^KPv  
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted >LW}N!IBy  
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as a: F\4x=  
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. 8Y/1+-  
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will |u+!CR  
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the OU<v9`<  
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. (btm g<WT"  
更多句型:[font=ˎ̥] ?$VkMu$2k  
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, #g<6ISuf  
for example
二、做比较[font=ˎ̥] Qw<&N$  
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;[font=ˎ̥] Cl!9/l?z  
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点([font=ˎ̥]through d-T pY*v  
comparison
)和不同点([font=ˎ̥]through contrast)。下面是一些短语:[font=ˎ̥] rl]K :8*  
相似的比较:[font=ˎ̥] uc/W/c u,  
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner pk0{*Z?@  
相反的比较:[font=ˎ̥] KtHkLYOCG  
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, wZWAx  
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, DKF '*  
三、换言之[font=ˎ̥] I moxg+u  
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。[font=ˎ̥] c:""&>Z  
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字[font=ˎ̥] I love you! L+}<gQJ(  
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. /*MioaQB}p  
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love M~~)tJYsu  
with you. 2OQ\ z;s  
或者上面我们举过的例子:[font=ˎ̥] {(I":rt#  
I cannot bear it. o7@C$R_#  
可以用短语表达:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot put up with it. %`YR+J/V  
因此可以这样说:[font=ˎ̥]I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with Fu 5c_"!  
it or I am fed up with it. F~eY'~&H}  
更多短语:[font=ˎ̥] SmI cqM  
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more opMnLor  
simply
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
沙发  发表于: 2009-10-26   
谢谢分享,顶一下哈
级别: 初级博友
显示用户信息 
板凳  发表于: 2010-03-05   
谢谢,好资料啊
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
freekaobo官方微信订阅号 正确答案:考博
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交