O (S9"(\A
• obey - v. to act as one is ordered to act _$Z46wHmB
• object - v. to show that one does not like or approve; to protest; n. something not alive that can be seen or touched iW |]-Ba\
• observe - v. to watch; to look at carefully; to celebrate or honor something ("They will observe the anniversary of the day she was born.") {/B) YR
• occupy - v. to take and hold or to control by force +86\&y)
• ocean - n. the area of salt water that covers almost seventy-five percent of the earth's surface; any of the five main divisions of this water Zsf<)Vx
• of - prep. made from; belonging to; about; connected to; included among =YPWt>\a}
• off - ad. away; at a distance; condition when something is no longer operating or continuing; not on; not connected -U;s,>\)
• offensive - n. a military campaign of attack; ad. having to do with attacking Txp~&a03
• offer - v. to present or propose; n. the act of presenting or proposing; that which is presented or proposed ?]paAP;4
• office - n. a room or building where business or work is done; a public position to which one is elected or appointed %\5y6
• officer - n. a person in the military who commands others; any person who is a member of a police force 6EPC$*Xp!
• official - n. a person with power in an organization; a representative of an organization or government; ad. of or about an office; approved by the government or someone in power 1
C[#]krh
• often - ad. many times * z{D}L-&
• oil - n. a thick liquid that does not mix with water and that burns easily; a black liquid taken from the ground and used as fuel ?$r+#'asd(
• old - ad. not young or new; having lived or existed for many years -B`;Sx
• on - prep. above and held up by; touching the upper surface of ("The book is on the table."); supported by ("He is on his feet."); about ("The report on the meeting is ready."); at the time of ("He left on Wednesday.") !$_mWz
• once - ad. one time only iB]kn(2C
• only - ad. being the single one or ones; no more than ("We have only two dollars.") 4&`66\p;
• open - v. to start ("They opened talks."); ad. not closed; not secret lXB_
HDY
• operate - v. to do work or a job; to cut into the body for medical reasons <`MHra8
• opinion - n. a belief based on one's own ideas and thinking
\&e+f#!u
• oppose - v. to be against; to fight against );,#H`'
• opposite - ad. different as possible; completely different from; exactly the other way ("North is the opposite direction from south.") S3 x:]E:
• oppress - v. to make others suffer; to control by the use of unjust and cruel force or power _@"Y3L
qi
• or - conj. giving another of two choices; giving the last of several choices Z;%qpsq
• orbit - v. to travel in space around a planet or other object; n. the path or way an object travels in space around another object or planet ~t#'X8.)
• order - v. to give a command; to tell someone what to do; n. a command; the correct or normal way things are organized; a peaceful situation in which people obey laws 2\s-4H|
q
• organize - v. to put in order; to put together into a system kWoy%?|RRa
• other - ad. different; of another kind; the remaining one or ones of two or more ("That man is short; the other is tall.") 9V"^
F.>
• our - ad. of or belonging to us ShSh/0
• oust - v. to force to leave; to remove by force @aj"12
• out - ad. away from the inside; opposite of in VQ}=7oe%q
• over - conj. above; covering; across, in or on every part of ("all over the world") "%}PVO!
• overthrow - v. to remove from power; to defeat or end by force wvUph[j}J
• owe - v. to pay or have to repay (usually money) in return for something received _L:
/2
• own - v. to have or possess for oneself ~xHr/:
P y XS/3_A{
• pain - n. a hurt or suffering somewhere in the body |d,1mmv@K
• paint - v. to cover with a liquid color; to make a picture with liquid colors; n. a colored liquid used to cover or protect a surface y"){?
• pan - n. a metal container used for cooking Gt 2rJ<>
• paper - n. a thin, flat material made from plants or cloth often used for writing ?=PQQx2_*u
• parachute - n. a device that permits a person or thing to fall slowly from an airplane or helicopter to the ground v4qvqGK
• parade - n. a group of people and vehicles moving together to celebrate a special event or anniversary }>h?W1
• pardon - v. to forgive for a crime and release from punishment nbOMtK
• parent - n. a father or mother \(;5YCCE
• parliament - n. a government lawmaking group }Y-f+qX*
• part - n. something less than the whole; not all of something x^C,xP[#Y;
• party - n. a group of people working together for a political purpose; a group of people or friends gathered together for enjoyment Ky$<WZs
• pass - v. to go by or move around something; to move along; to cause or permit to go sA`
bPh k
• passenger - n. a person travelling by airplane, train, boat or car who is not the pilot or driver 52:oe1-8
• passport - n. a document permitting a person to travel to another country }K&K{ 9}
• past - n. the time gone by; the time before; ad. recent; immediately before; former f[dwu39k
• path - n. a narrow way for walking; a way along which something moves /,B"H@J
• patient - n. a person being treated by a doctor for a health problem no;
Yu
• pay - v. to give money for work done or for something bought 6}<PB
l%qe
• peace - n. the condition of freedom from war, fighting or noise; rest; quiet 3S.rIai+
• people - n. any group of persons; all the persons of a group, race, religion or nation ("the American people") us5`?XeX]
• percent - n. a part of every hundred ("Ten is ten percent of one hundred.") 3[8'pQ!&
• perfect - ad. complete or correct in every way; completely right or good; without mistakes 38 B\ \
• perform - v. to speak, dance or sing in front of others Oz n7C?\*
• period - n. an amount of time within events, restrictions or conditions 8LkC/
• permanent - ad. never changing; lasting for a very long time or for all time U2SxRFs >
• permit - v. to let; to make possible "e(OO/EZ
S
• person - n. a man, woman or child l
"d&Sgnj
• physical - ad. of the body P=S)V
• physics - n. the study of motion, matter and energy 5M*ZZ+YX
• picture - n. something that shows what another thing looks like; an idea or representation of something as seen by the eye; a painting; what is made with a camera f\|33)k
• piece - n. a part of something larger &<v#^2S3
• pig - n. a farm animal used for its meat Y6g[y\*t
• pilot - n. one who guides or flies an airplane or helicopter Q&n|tQ*4
• pipe - n. a long, round piece of material used to move liquid or gas YDDwvk
H
• place - v. to put something somewhere; n. an area or a part of an area; space where a person or thing is; any room, building, town or country 44S<(Re
• plan - v. to organize or develop an idea or method of acting or doing something ">("They plan to have a party."); n. an organized or developed idea or method ("The plan will not work.") ]YwIuz6 ]
• planet - n. a large object in space that orbits the sun ("Earth is a planet.") "qwRcuHY
• plant - v. to put into the ground to grow; n. a living growth from the ground which gets its food from air, water and earth czedn_}%Q
• plastic - n. a material made from chemicals that can be formed and made into things ]C]tLJ!M
• play - v. to have fun; to not work; to take part in a sport; to make music on an instrument; n. a story acted in a theater 5*4P_q(AxD
• please - v. to make one happy; to give enjoyment /V3*[
• plenty - n. all that is needed; a large enough amount DhB:8/J
• plot - v. to make secret plans; n. a secret plan to do something wrong or illegal 8zZR%fZ
• poem - n. words and their sounds organized in a special way to express emotions 7p2x}[ .\
• point - v. to aim one's finger toward; to aim; n. the sharp end of something {Y\hr+A
• poison - n. a substance that can destroy life or damage health 'jmcS0f
-
• police - n. a government agency responsible for guarding the public, keeping order, and making sure people obey the law; members of that agency NUm3E4
• policy - n. an established set of plans or goals used to develop and make decisions in politics, economics or business J }JT%
SW
• politics - n. the activities of government and of those who are in public office E{lq@it32p
• pollute - v. to release dangerous or unpleasant substances into the air, soil or water "7gS*v,r
• poor - n. people with little or no money; ad. lacking money or goods; of bad quality A$|> Jt
• popular - ad. liked by many people; generally approved by the public [[TB.'k
• population - n. all the people in a place, city or country UVU}
• port - n. a city where ships load or unload goods; a place on a coast where ships can be safe from a storm +F 5 Dc
• position - n. a place; the way of holding the body; the way a thing is set or placed; a job (or level of a job) in an organization xG<S2R2VQh
• possess - v. to have; to own; to control or be controlled by }V9146
• possible - ad. able to be done; can happen or is expected to happen Gb~q:&IUr
• postpone - v. to delay action until a later time |a'Q^aT
• pour - v. to flow; to cause to flow Fbk<qQH
• power - n. the ability to control or direct others; control; strength; ruling force; force or energy used to do work ("Water power turns the wheel.") `DJIY_{-2
• praise - v. to say good things about; to approve 0aGfz=V&
• pray - v. to make a request to a god or spirit; to praise a god or spirit l;?.YtMg
• pregnant - ad. carrying a child within the body before it is born; expecting to give birth to a baby _+^3<MT
• present - v. to offer for consideration ("We will present our idea to the committee."); n. a gift ("I gave them a present for their anniversary."); now ("The present time is a good time."); ad. to be at a place ("I was present at school yesterday.") q9Fc0(&Vf
• president - n. the chief official of a country that is a republic; the leader of an organization A7:
o q7b
• press - v. to urge strongly; n. newspapers, magazines and other publications M2V.FYV{j>
• pressure - n. the force produced when something is pushed down or against something else {\0 R[+d
• prevent - v. to keep or stop from going or happening q^12Rj;H
• price - n. the amount of money for which anything is bought, sold or offered for sale + E S.O]?>
• prison - n. a place where a person is kept as punishment for a crime !3T x\a`?/
• private - ad. of or about a person or group that is secret; opposite public x<= ;=893
• prize - n. something offered or won in a competition; something of value that one must work hard for to get 6W#+U<
• probably - ad. a good chance of taking place; a little more than possible YQ?|Vb
U
• problem - n. a difficult question or situation with an unknown or unclear answer hefV0)4K
• process - n. an operation or series of changes leading to a desired result ]enqkiS
• produce - v. to make; to create; to cause something to be; to manufacture sCnZ\C@u
• profession - n. a job that requires special training )8 iDjNM<
• professor - n. a teacher at a college or university E}a3. 6)p
• profit - n. money gained from a business activity after paying all costs of that activity OU{PVF={
• program - n. a plan of action; the different events or parts of a meeting or show :0srFg?X
• progress - n. movement forward or toward improvement or a goal Jg%sl&65
• project - n. a planned effort to do something h]'
fX
• propaganda - n. ideas or information used to influence opinions o-x_[I|@
• property - n. anything owned by someone such as land, buildings or goods ~I'Z=Wo
• propose - v. to present or offer for consideration bNL E=#ro
• protect - v. to guard; to defend; to prevent from being harmed or damaged !`aodz*PO
• protest - v. to speak against; to object 3a#!^G!~
• prove - v. to show to be true eueXklpg+
• provide - v. to give something needed or wanted q].C>R*ux8
• public - ad. of or about all the people in a community or country; opposite private oxad}Y
• publication - n. something that is published such as a book, newspaper or magazine bFflA
• publish - v. to make public something that is written; to include something in a book, newspaper or magazine pXQ&2s$
• pull - v. to use force to move something toward the person or thing using the force; opposite push n_c0=YH
• pump - v. to force a gas or liquid up, into or through Pb~S{):
• punish - v. to cause pain, suffering or loss for doing something bad or illegal TZHqn6
• purchase - v. to buy with money or with something of equal value; n. that which is bought j+Tk|GRab
• pure - ad. free from anything that is different or that reduces value; clean As>po+T*
• purpose - n. the reason or desired effect for doing something; goal _VM J q9.
• push - v. to use force to move something away from the person or thing using the force; opposite pull ivGxtx
• put - v. to place; to set in position fc\hQXYv
Q &V2G<gm0
• quality - n. that which something is known to have or be ("An important quality of steel is its strength."); amount of value or excellence ("Their goods are of the highest quality.") 9r)5d&,6
• question - v. to ask; to express wonder or disbelief; n. a sentence or word used in asking for information; a problem; an issue to be discussed h?CNChRJs
• quick - ad. fast 9(
B)
• quiet - ad. with little or no noise; having little or no movement; calm +oiPj3
R JHMj4Zkp
• race - v. to run; to take part in a competition to decide who or what can move fastest; to take part in a campaign for political office; n. one of the major groups that humans can be divided into because of a common physical similarity, such as skin color as\V,
{<
• radar - n. a device that uses radio signals to learn the position or speed of objects that may be too far away to be seen GvVuF S>y
• radiation - n. waves of energy from something that produces heat or light; energy from a nuclear substance, which can be dangerous 5
WAs
EP
• radio - n. the system of sending and receiving signals or sounds through the air without wires
Uz62!)
• raid - v. to make a sudden attack; n. a sudden attack carried out as an act of war, or for the purpose of seizing or stealing something CiMN J
• railroad - n. a road for trains; a company that operates such a road and its stations and equipment =RV$8.Xp
• rain - n. water falling from the sky *'`-plS7
• raise - v. to lift up; to move to a higher position; to cause to grow; to increase "5YsBih
• rare - ad. not common; not usual; not often +)F8YMg
e
• rate - n. speed; a measure of how quickly or how often something happens; the price of any thing or service that is bought or sold v=L^jw
• reach - v. to put a hand toward; to arrive at; to come to oF3#]6`;/
• react - v. to act as a result of or in answer to D1Fc7!TV
• read - v. to look at and understand the meaning of written words or numbers ]9x30UXLwD
• ready - ad. prepared; completed; organized; willing ).vdKNzw
• real - ad. true; truly existing; not false ,Wdyg8&.
• realistic - ad. in agreement with the way things are g|T' oK
• reason - n. the cause for a belief or act; purpose; something that explains nGuF,0j
• reasonable - ad. ready to listen to reasons or ideas; not extreme; ready or willing to compromise `"D7XC0x
• rebel - v. to act against a government or power, often with force; to refuse to obey; n. one who opposes or fights against the government of his or her country N
.Ssz
Zh
• receive - v. to get or accept something given, offered or sent 0_Y;r{3m"
• recent - ad. a short time ago hxtu^E/
• recession - n. a temporary reduction in economic activity, when industries produce less and many workers lose their jobs ciXAyT cG
• recognize - v. to know or remember something or someone that was known, known about or seen before; to accept another nation as independent and establish diplomatic ties with its government [`
i;gx[^
• record - v. to write something in order to have it for future use; to put sound or pictures in a form that can be kept and heard or seen again; n. a writing that shows proof or facts about something L'Wcb
=
;
• recover - v. to get again something that was lost, stolen or taken away ("The police recovered the stolen money."); to return to normal health or normal conditions She is expected to recover from the operation.") fY6&PuDf.
• red - ad. having the color like that of blood T[7-3[w<)
• reduce - v. to make less or smaller in number, size or amount; to cut yqAw7GaBN
• reform - v. to make better by changing; to improve; n. a change to a better condition PgxU;N7Y
• refugee - n. a person who has been forced to flee because of unjust treatment, danger or war SIg=_oa
• refuse - v. to reject; to not accept, give or do something x JepDCUJ>
• regret - n. a feeling of sadness or sorrow about something that is done or that happens 19lx;^b
• reject - v. to refuse to accept, use or believe K~Xt`
• relation - n. understandings or ties between nations; members of the same family; people connected by marriage or family ties l~\'Z2op
• release - v. to free; to permit to go; to permit to be known or made public UyvFR@
• religion - n. a belief in, or the honoring of, a god or gods kgA')]
• remain - v. to stay in a place after others leave; to stay the same gjwp' GN
• remains - n. a dead body _El=M0
• remember - v. to think about the past; opposite forget Yr0%ZYfN
• remove - v. to take away or take off; to put an end to; to take out of a position or office BG=h1ybz
• repair - n. work done to fix something bhFzu[B
• repeat - v. to say or do again Iunt!L
• report - v. to tell about; to give the results of a study or investigation; n. the story about an event; the results of a study or investigation; a statement in which the facts may not be confirmed O! ;!amvz
• represent - v. to act in the place of someone else; to substitute for; to serve as an example Gm_Cq2PD(
• repress - v. to control or to restrict freedoms by force :r!n
z\%WW
• request - v. to ask for; n. the act of asking for UoBu0Rx
• require - v. to need or demand as necessary *P9)M%
• rescue - v. to free from danger or evil 7kj#3(e
• research - n. a careful study to discover correct information )<!y_;$A
• resign - v. to leave a position, job or office r`mfLA]d
• resist - v. to oppose; to fight to prevent 3F<My+J
• resolution - n. an official statement of agreement by a group of people, usually reached by voting qy.Mi{=~:
• resource - n. anything of value that can be used or sold @y)fR.!)1$
• responsible - ad. having a duty or job to do ("He is responsible for preparing the report."); being the cause of ("They were responsible for the accident.") #W*5=Cf
• rest - v. to sit, lie down or sleep to regain strength; n. that which remains; the others `
a
• restrain - v. to keep controlled; to limit action by a person or group !,|yrB&`S
• restrict - v. to limit; to prevent from increasing or becoming larger \_0nH`
• result - v. to happen from a cause; n. that which follows or is produced by a cause; effect P!1y@R>Ln
• retire - v. to leave a job or position because one is old or in poor health z[[|'02{
• return - v. to go or come back; to bring, give, take or send back = gOq
>`
• revolt - v. to protest violently; to fight for a change, especially of government ^~(@QfY
• rice - n. a food grain 1iig0l6\m
• rich - ad. having much money or goods; having plenty of something xyBWV]Y
• ride - v. to sit on or in and be carried along; to travel by animal, wheeled vehicle, airplane or boat 3~%9;.I3!
• right - n. what a person legally and morally should be able to do or have ("It is their right to vote."); ad. agreeing with the facts; good; correct; opposite wrong; on the side that is toward the east when one is facing north; opposite left IL*C/y
• riot - v. to act with many others in a violent way in a public place; n. a violent action by a large group of people 0LeR#l:I
• rise - v. to go up; to go higher; to increase; to go from a position of sitting or lying to a position of standing 8<{)|GoqB
• risk - n. the chance of loss, damage or injury y
C(xi"!
• river - n. a large amount of water that flows across land into another river, a lake or an ocean DTH;d-Z
• road - n. a long piece of hard ground built between two places so people can walk, drive or ride easily from one place to the other Fe{lM'
8
• rob - v. to take money or property secretly or by force; to steal Am{Vtl)i
• rock - n. a hard piece of mineral matter r[ni{&
• rocket - n. a device shaped like a tube that moves through air or space by burning gases and letting them escape from the back or bottom, sometimes used as a weapon 0X!A'
• roll - v. to turn over and over; to move like a ball D!^&*Ia?2
• room - n. a separate area within a building with its own walls ER;?[!
• root - n. the part of a plant that is under the ground and takes nutrients from the soil :6:;Z
qn
• rope - n. a long, thick piece of material made from thinner pieces of material, used for tying
_xjw:
• rough - ad. not flat or smooth; having an uneven surface; violent; not made well Py_yIwQqg
• round - ad. having the shape of a ball or circle bwG$\Oe6
• rub - v. to move something over the surface of another thing vz[oy |{F
• rubber - n. a substance made from the liquid of trees with the same name, or a similar substance made from chemicals Bi:%}8STH
• ruin - v. to damage severely; to destroy ae_Y?g+3
• rule - v. to govern or control; to decide; n. a statement or an order that says how something must be done
td@I ;d2
• run - v. to move quickly by steps faster than those used for walking |KY6IGcqV
S <A@}C+
• sabotage - v. to damage or destroy as an act against an organization or nation ("The rebels sabotaged the railroad.") (JenTL`%u
• sacrifice - v. to do without something or to suffer a loss for a belief, idea, goal or another person 76epkiz;=
• sad - ad. not happy &6deds
• safe - ad. away from harm or danger ,6@
s N'c
• sail - v. to travel by boat or ship z{$2bV
• sailor - n. a person involved in sailing a boat or ship %'+}-w
• salt - n. a white substance found in sea water and in the ground, used to affect the taste of food lZ gX{
• same - ad. not different; not changed; like another or others ^hZZ5(</8P
• sand - n. extremely small pieces of crushed rock found in large amounts in deserts and on coasts u]0{#wu;g
• satellite - n. a small object in space that moves around a larger object; an object placed in orbit around the earth V?t56n Y}
• satisfy - v. to give or provide what is desired, needed or demanded &;3iHY;
• save - v. to make safe; to remove from harm; to keep for future use Y.yiUf/Q
• say - v. to speak; to express in words KEPNe(H
• school - n. a place for education; a place where people go to learn W?TvdeBx
• science - n. the study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them uSQlE=
• sea - n. a large area of salt water, usually part of an ocean {3Y
R_^>?
• search - v. to look for carefully 8f`r!/j
• season - n. one of the four periods of the year that is based on the earth's position toward the sun (spring, summer, autumn, winter); a period of time based on different weather conditions ("dry season", "rainy season"); a period during the year when something usually happens ("baseball season") zy'e|92aO
• seat - n. a thing to sit on; a place to sit or the right to sit there ("a seat in parliament") +,c]FAx4
• second - ad. the one that comes after the first >bRoQ8
• secret - n. something known only to a few and kept from general knowledge; ad. hidden from others; known only to a few .RW&=1D6
• security - n. freedom from danger or harm; protection; measures necessary to protect a person or place ("Security was increased in the city.") \JLea$TM:
• see - v. to know or sense through the eyes; to understand or know GHWt3K:*w
• seed - n. the part of a plant from which new plants grow
/Z|K9a
• seek - v. to search for ("They are seeking a cure for cancer."); to try to get ("She is seeking election to public office."); to plan to do ("Electric power companies are seeking to reduce their use of coal.") vC^Ul
• seem - v. to appear to be ("She seems to be in good health.") K0A[xkX6
• seize - v. to take quickly by force; to take control of quickly; to arrest x1`4hB
• self X - n. all that which makes one person different from others w<LV5w+
• sell - v. to give something in exchange for money ~e<^jhpJ
• Senate - n. the smaller of the two groups in the governments of some countries, such as in the United States Congress Xk] uXx:TN
• send - v. to cause to go; to permit to go; to cause to be carried, taken or directed to or away from a place V7<w9MM
• sense - v. to come to know about by feeling, believing or understanding; n. any of the abilities to see, hear, taste, smell or feel Ak kth*p
• sentence - v. to declare the punishment for a crime; n. the punishment for a crime #g#[|c.
• separate - v. to set or keep people, things or ideas away from or independent from others; ad. not together or connected; different Z~AgZM
R
• series - n. a number of similar things or events that follow one after another in time, position or order U<|*V5
• serious - ad. important; needing careful consideration; dangerous (M#m BS
• serve - v. to work as an official; to be employed by the government; to assist or help v%muno,
• service - n. an organization or system that provides something for the public ("Schools and roads are services paid for by taxes."); a job that an organization or business can do for money; military organizations such as an army, navy or air force; a religious ceremony ujW C!*W(Q
• set - v. to put in place or position; to establish a time, price or limit SFjR SMi
• settle - v. to end (a dispute); to agree about (a problem); to make a home in a new place GJ\bZ"vDo
• several - ad. three or more, but not many &3Ry0?RET
• severe - ad. not gentle; causing much pain, sadness or damage Qk2*=BVh
• sex - n. either the male or female group into which all people and animals are divided because of their actions in producing young; the physical activity by which humans and animals can produce young 1*?XI
• shake - v. to move or cause to move in short, quick movements LJSx~)@
• shape - v. to give form to; n. the form of something, especially how it looks Mtaky=l8~I
• share - v. to give part of something to another or others; n. a part belonging to, given to or owned by a single person or a group; any one of the equal parts of ownership of a business or company BsR3$
• sharp - ad. having a thin edge or small point that can cut or hurt; causing hurt or pain e7yn"kd
• she - pro. the girl or woman who is being spoken about pS "A{k)i
• sheep - n. a farm animal used for its meat and hair YF(bl1>YC
• shell - v. to fire artillery; n. a metal container that is fired from a large gun and explodes when it reaches its target; a hard outside cover )}J
}d)
• shelter - v. to protect or give protection to; n. something that gives protection; a place of safety 6?';ip
• shine - v. to aim a light; to give bright light; to be bright; to clean to make bright C:_-F3|]cJ
• ship - v. to transport; n. a large boat 4}t$Lf_
• shock - v. to cause to feel sudden surprise or fear; n. something that greatly affects the mind or emotions; a powerful shake, as from an earthquake G
Prq(
• shoe - n. a covering for the foot :j[=
• shoot - v. to cause a gun or other weapon to send out an object designed to kill; to use a gun g*WY kv
• short - ad. lasting only for a small period of time; not long; opposite tall je74As[
• should - v. used with another verb (action word) to show responsibility ("We should study."), probability ("The talks should begin soon."), or that something is believed to be a good idea ("Criminals should be punished.") 1QbD]"=n
• shout - v. to speak very loudly o,qUf
• show - v. to make something be seen; to make known; n. a play or story presented in a theater, or broadcast on radio or television, for enjoyment or education; something organized to be seen by the public 6RfS_
• shrink - v. to make or become less in size, weight or value 6 u,w
• sick - ad. suffering physically or mentally with a disease or other problem; not in good health _z@_.%P\
• sickness - n. the condition of being in bad health 2UMX%+ "J
• side - n. the outer surfaces of an object that are not the top or bottom; parts away from the middle; either the right or left half of the body ynn>d
• sign - v. to write one's name; n. a mark or shape used to mean something; evidence that something exists or will happen; a flat piece of material with writing that gives information +vYVx<uTQ
• signal - v. to send a message by signs; n. an action or movement that sends a message km,@yU
• silence - v. to make quiet; to stop from speaking or making noise; n. a lack of noise or sound U
Ads$9
• silver - n. a valued white metal '/fueku
• similar - ad. like something else but not exactly the same %O*)'ni
• simple - ad. easy to understand or do; not difficult or complex ^x_+&
• since - prep. from a time in the past until now ("I have known her since we went to school together.") k^%F4d3z@C
• sing - v. to make music sounds with the voice wx^1lC2
• single - ad. one only |iVw7M:
• sink - v. to go down into water or other liquid 8
5{@&T
• sister - n. a female with the same father or mother as another person <$8e;:#:
• sit - v. to rest on the lower part of the body without the support of the legs; to become seated F D.L{
• situation - n. the way things are during a period of time |Gt]V`4
• size - n. the space occupied by something; how long, wide or high something is 4x$Ts %]
• skeleton - n. all the bones of a human or other animal together in their normal positions ;h4w<OqcM
• skill - n. the ability gained from training or experience 9U!#Y%*T
• skin - n. the outer covering of humans and most animals eSSv8[u
• sky - n. the space above the earth 9]|G-cyt
• slave - n. a person owned or controlled by another I_'0!@Nn7
• sleep - v. to rest the body and mind with the eyes closed Cce{aY
• slide - v. to move smoothly over a surface Gl5W4gW;
&
• slow - v. to reduce the speed of; ad. not fast in moving, talking or other activities ]ChN]>o
• small - ad. little in size or amount; few in number; not important; opposite large Q46sPMH+_
• smash - v. to break or be broken into small pieces by force; to hit or move with >force UzUt=s!^H
• smell - v. to sense through the nose; n. something sensed by the nose ("the smell of food cooking") R1\$}ep^
• smoke - v. to use cigarettes or other tobacco products by burning them and breathing in the smoke; n. that which can be seen rising into the air like a cloud from something burning {pEbi)CF,}
• smooth - ad. having a level surface; opposite rough v,mn=Q&9
• snow - n. soft, white pieces of frozen water that fall from the sky, usually in winter or when the air temperature is very cold D4ud|$s1
• so - ad. in such a way that ("He held the flag so all could see it."); also; too ("She left early, and so did we."); very ("I am so sick."); as a result ("They were sick, so they could not come."); conj. in order that; for the purpose of ("Come early so we can discuss the plans.") cz$
q~)I$
• social - ad. of or about people or a group G 8F43!<
• soft - ad. not hard; easily shaped; pleasing to touch; not loud fQ~YBFhlr
• soil - n. earth in which plants grow {1]Of'x
'
• soldier - n. a person in the army df!n.&\y!
• solid - ad. having a hard shape with no empty spaces inside; strong; not in the form of a liquid or gas \B
D'"
• solve - v. to find an answer; to settle .\b# 0w
• some - ad. of an amount or number or part not stated; not all [&p^h
• son - n. a person's male child D[R<H((
• soon - ad. not long after the present time; quickly ,a?$F1Z-
• sort - n. any group of people or things that are the same or are similar in some way; a kind of something DmgWIede|:
• sound - n. fast-moving waves of energy that affect the ear and result in hearing; that which is heard U)grC8 C
• south - n. the direction to the right of a person facing the rising sun GHo=)NTjy
• space - n. the area outside the earth's atmosphere where the sun, moon, planets and stars are; the area between or inside things cdfvc0
• speak - v. to talk; to say words with the mouth; to express one's thoughts to others and exchange ideas; to give a speech to a group 3QzHQU
• special - ad. of a different or unusual kind; not for general use; better or more important than others of the same kind m8njP-CZ
• speech - n. a talk given to a group of people IMay`us]:8
• speed - v. to make something go or move faster; n. the rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done C/x<_VJzN/
• spend - v. to give as payment; to use ("He spends much time studying.") rocG;$[
• spill - v. to cause or permit liquid to flow out, usually by accident xYCX}bksh
• spirit - n. the part of a human that is not physical and is connected to thoughts and emotions; the part of a person that is believed to remain alive after death ?$LKn2C
• split - v. to separate into two or more parts; to divide or break into parts XK4idC
• sport - n. any game or activity of competition involving physical effort or skill = A;B-_c
• spread - v. to become longer or wider; to make or become widely known 53cW`F
• spring - n. the time of the year between winter and summer uM<6][^`
• spy - v. to steal or get information secretly; n. one who watches others secretly; a person employed by a government to get secret information about another country vS|uN(a.P
• square - n. a flat shape having four equal sides C4~`3Mk
• stab - v. to cut or push into or through with a pointed weapon \#; -C<[b
• stand - v. to move into or be in a position in which only the feet are on a surface; to be in one position or place H#B~h
4#
• star - n. a mass of gas that usually appears as a small light in the sky at night, but is not a planet; a famous person, usually an actor or singer 9(( QSX
• start - v. to begin; to make something begin Ll
!J!{
• starve - v. to suffer or die from a lack of food U,4:yc,)s
• state - v. to say; to declare; n. a political part of a nation G.}
3hd0
• station - n. a place of special work or purpose ("a police station"); a place where passengers get on or off trains or buses; a place for radio or television broadcasts ;h"?h*}m!\
• statue - n. a form of a human, animal or other creature usually made of stone, wood or metal OO:^#Mvv5
• stay - v. to continue to be where one is; to remain; to not leave; to live for a time ("They stayed in New York for two years.") j&.MT@
• steal - v. to take without permission or paying @]H:=Q'gj
• steam - n. the gas that comes from hot water Ex
?)FL$4
• steel - n. iron made harder and stronger by mixing it with other substances 1cyX9X
• step - v. to move by lifting one foot and placing it in a new position; n. the act of stepping; one of a series of actions designed to reach a goal D+.h*{gD
• stick - v. to attach something to another thing using a substance that will hold them together; to become fixed in one position so that movement is difficult ("Something is making the door stick."); n. a thin piece of wood TB
gD"i-
• still - ad. not moving ("The man was standing still."); until the present or a stated time ("Was he still there?"); even so; although ("The job was difficult, but she still wanted to do it.") ~ YKBxt
• stone - n. a small piece of rock =_`4HDr
• stop - v. to prevent any more movement or action; to come or bring to an end
Ny>tJ~I
• store - v. to keep or put away for future use; n. a place where people buy things ~$N%UQn?b#
• storm - n. violent weather, including strong winds and rain or snow
K>TdN+Z}=
• story - n. the telling or writing of an event, either real or imagined ,?+rM ;
• stove - n. a heating device used for cooking %:/_O*~)Yg
• straight - ad. continuing in one direction without turns 8}0W_C U,
• strange - ad. unusual; not normal; not known @L8('8~d
• street - n. a road in a city, town or village ;K:)R_H
• stretch - v. to extend for a distance; to pull on to make longer or wider O4kBNUI/
• strike - v. to hit with force; to stop work as a way to seek better conditions, more pay or to make other demands
L[d7@
• strong - ad. having much power; not easily broken, damaged or destroyed J(0.eD91v
• structure - n. the way something is built, made or organized; a system that is formed or organized in a special way; a building 1.0S>+^JE
• struggle - v. to try with much effort; to fight with; n. a great effort; a fight (63_
• study - v. to make an effort to gain knowledge by using the mind; to examine carefully U3 e3
• stupid - ad. not able to learn much; not intelligent 2B7X~t>8a
• subject - n. the person or thing being discussed, studied or written about :J-@+_J
• submarine - n. an underwater ship =uZ[
• substance - n. the material of which something is made (a solid, liquid or gas) <LDVO'I0!
• substitute - v. to put or use in place of another; n. a person or thing put or used in place of another |~bl%g8xP
• subversion - n. an attempt to weaken or destroy a political system or government, usually secretly D L_{q6ZK
• succeed - v. to reach a goal or thing desired; to produce a planned result 8H3|i7.1h
• such - ad. of this or that kind; of the same kind as; similar to 0A@'w*=
• sudden - ad. not expected; without warning; done or carried out quickly or without preparation BF2,E<^A
• suffer - v. to feel pain in the body or mind; to receive or experience hurt or sadness @<e+E"6
• sugar - n. a sweet substance made from liquids taken from plants Z&%#,0>]
• suggest - v. to offer or propose something to think about or consider |eIN<RY5
• summer - n. the warmest time of the year, between spring and autumn .Y!*6I
• sun - n. the huge star in the sky that provides heat and light to earth -$L53i&R
• supervise - v. to direct and observe the work of others SIjdwr!+ZZ
• supply - v. to give; to provide; n. the amount of something that can be given or sold to others w{Wz^=';
• support - v. to carry the weight of; to hold up or in position; to agree with others and help them reach a goal; to approve Z9s tB>?
• suppose - v. to believe, think or imagine ("I suppose you are right."); to expect ("It is supposed to rain tonight.") IpmblC4
• suppress - v. to put down or to keep down by force; to prevent information from being known publicly l [?o du4
• sure - ad. very probable; with good reason to believe; true without question _e$15qW+
• surface - n. the outer side or top of something ("The rocket landed on the surface of the moon.") 3(':4Tas
• surplus - n. an amount that is more than is needed; extra; ("That country has a trade surplus. It exports more than it imports.") n4+l,~
• surprise - v. to cause a feeling of wonder because something is not expected; n. something not expected; the feeling caused by something not expected -
*!R
• surrender - v. to give control of oneself or one's property to another or others; to stop fighting and admit defeat d6-a\]gF
• surround - v. to form a circle around; to be in positions all around someone or something @ 9D, f
• survive - v. to remain alive during or after a dangerous situation -Zd!0HNW1
• suspect - v. to imagine or believe that a person is guilty of something bad or illegal; n. a person believed to be guilty Y~v
I@$<~(
• suspend - v. to cause to stop for a period of time pw*<tXH!
• swallow - v. to take into the stomach through the mouth yf+M
• swear in - v. to put an official into office by having him or her promise to carry out the duties of that office ("The chief justice will swear in the president.") o ^L3Xiv
• sweet - ad. tasting pleasant, like sugar mL`,v
WL/`
• swim - v. to move through water by making motions with the arms and legs ,qV8(`y_
• sympathy - n. a sharing of feelings or emotions with another person, usually feelings of sadness .{x-A{l
• system - n. a method of organizing or doing something by following rules or a plan; a group of connected things or parts working together for a common purpose or goal