文字北京考博英语辅导班讲义--1
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X6kgq_( 英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组
OZB}aow 一、政治类：
C+(Gg^ w 把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities
X :SzkkVl7 把…看成社会公敌 look upon … as a threat to society
*VC4 s`< 把…列为基本国策 list…..as fundamental national policies
~?`9i>3W~ 把…作为指导 take… as the guide
ghobu}wuF 把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice …
w] 5U 把握大局 grasp the overall situation
dy6F+V\DG 摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness
)> /j&>% 保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement
Ca5Sc, no 采取各种措施 adopt various measures
i_9Cc$Qh< 参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
APQQ:'>N4~ 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength
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打破僵局 break the deadlock
?`T6CRZhr 打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone
8!& ds~? 得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion
-@ UN]K 锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army
z%}CB Tm 对…具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on
W p7@ 对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to
Ft"&NtXeZZ 反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism
VM<oUKh_3 反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
e}?1T7NPG] 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner
gf3u0' $ 给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to
8t T&BmT 根除 (防止,消除) root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption
c >u>Pi;Z 观察当今世界 observe the present-day world
wv7p,9Z [ 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension
'XP>} m 回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle
z,}c?BP 加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform
~ C/Yv&58 加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
\'s$ZN$ k 坚持改革开放政策 adhere to the reform and open policy
QLF,/" 坚持统一，反对分裂， persist in reunification, oppose separation,
as\<nPT{Fj 增加了解，化解歧见increase understanding and iron out differences }
"o^bN 9 = 减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden
"q9~ C 解放思想 emancipate our minds
~{1/* &P 解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing
Q*09 E 解决新问题 resolve new problems
=9;[C:p0- 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world
-! 'Oy%a# 进入新时期 enter a new period
%jbJ6c 进行和谈 hold peace talks
_S9rF-9G] 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment
bk\ dy7 就…接受妥协 accept a compromise on
GZ/pz+)i& 开发西部 remake the west
_XH4;uGg 开始生效 go into effect (enter into force)
njy~ 开拓前进 open up new ways forward
ts TR2+GZS 科教兴国 rejuvenate our country through science and education
0%;N9\ 理顺关系 rationalize the relationship
F:[7^GQZ{ 履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations
3o+ KP[A 迈出重要的一步 make an important step
{f`lSu 热爱和平 love peace
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深化改革 deepen the reform
G t^|+[gD 审时度势 size up the situation \
+8LM~voB 实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity
=&di 4'` 实现民族独立 realize national independence
;yk9(wea}" 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes
E/"YId `A 实现小康目标 achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life
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w5u*hx 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
l?3vNa FeR 实行新政策 practice new policies
;Ri 3#*a= 受到全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide
VKq0 <+M 缩小差别 bridge (narrow) the gap
8q_1(& O 完成中华民族的振兴大业 implement the revitalization of our nation
tP}Xhn` 维护世界和平 maintain world peace
Pk$}%;@v 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations
J}x>~ ?W 下放权力给 delegate the management of ... (to ...)
MC4 28 4A5 响应号召 respond to the call
#^ 5a\XJb 修改法律 amend the laws
[NQmL=l 宣布…召开 announce the opening of
`)rg|~#k 徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends
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依法治国 govern the country according to law
?"()>PJx 引起全国的关注 arouse the concern of the whole nation
4 hL`=[AB 引起全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide
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};} 赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another
Lf5%M|o.) 在…中起(至关)重要作用 play a major (crucial, an important ) role in
Jb( DJ-& 增强凝聚力 enhance the rally power
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F 增强综合国力和国际竞争 enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness
KjO-0VMN3 展望伟大征程 look into the great journey
X
7e>Z)l 展现生机和活力 display one’s vigor and vitality
x$~3$E 战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties
1v;'d1Hg; 振兴西部 revive the west
:9(3h" 振兴中华民族 rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation
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%- 政企不分 mix up the functions of the government and enterprises
N2ni3M5v 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
LEWa6'0rq 政务公开 make government affairs public
nHrP>zN 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action
Ynvj; 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
@XeEpDn] 转变政府职能 transform (shift) the government functions
: aHcPc: 追求进步 pursue progress
l+t #"3 追求真理 seek the truth I
k69kv 9v@J 走进新时代 march (stride) into the new era.
F|,6N/;!W 遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties
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遵循规则 follow the principles
BlL|s=dlQV DUqJ y*F( http://www.freekaobo.com北京英语考博辅导班－－2
F@<O;b#Ip vuXS/ d 二、经济类
`Uv)Sf{ 爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work
e]>/H8 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
yE}BfU { . 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
F#B5sLNb 保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers
#^Ys{ 被指控接受贿赂 be accused of accepting bribes
z9 O~W5-U 采取不同的办法 adopt various methods Lv1
z /we it 采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures
R0vww_ fz 承担风险 bear (take) risk
#VO.%H}i 筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)
{$0& R$v3 创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency)
W+ .{4 K 刺激国内经济需求 spur domestic demand
jM]d'E?ZLA 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand
A?DB#-z.r 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
T(JuL<PB 从国外引进先进技术和管理 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and
alc ] 经验 management expertise
%MbyKz:X 促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation
G,=F<TnI' 促进改革 promote reform
'#A :.P 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
e{0L%%2K 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
JD ]OIh 打假 take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)
0vn[a,W<A 打破垄断 break the monopoly
}"n7~| 对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…
Ib6(Bp9.L 对…造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to…
k1#5nYN. 夺回失去的市场 take back lost market
x#mtS-sw2Q 发挥自身优势 give full play to one’s advantages
5}Xv L' 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks
u H\w. 改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment
iX%n0i 赶超先进 surpass the advanced
?Wa<AFXQ 给…带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on…
m 6i%DE 根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation ma
{p] = ++ 公证财产 notarize the properties
i4<BDX5 和…达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with
`|EH[W&y 和…进一步合作 further cooperation with
5ITq?%{M 和…有合作关系 have cooperative ties with
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>{jh` 活跃市场 enliven the market
n P1GW6Pu 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
8teJ*sz 计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level
'I v_mig 加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring
2+:'0Krc 加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition
OKAkl 加快努力 speed up efforts
f-D>3q SS 加强风险防范 prepare oneself against possible risks
R i @`a 加强管理 reinforce the management
pj;
I)-d/ 减轻…的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)
9Ejyg* 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
,Sg33N ? 剪彩 cut the ribbon
56{I`QjX 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation
eFFc 9'o 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)
Y(r@v 精简机构 streamline government organs
S4bBafj[I 举报非法行为 disclose any illegal activities
m|F:b}0Hb 开辟更多渠道 open more channels
p bLGe' 开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market
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开拓市场 exploit markets
pM2a(\K,k^ 控制通货膨胀 control inflation (keep inflation under control)
C -w5KW 扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor
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^k#X 扩大消费市场 expand consumption market
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T 留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
t&}6;z 3 面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition
}ZzLs/v%X 牟取暴利 seek excessive profits
_~M^ uW^ l 平衡经济(的发展) balance economy )
1mH\k5xu 取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)
CDdkoajBa 让…处于同一起跑线 put… on the same platform and at the same starting point
|/T43ADW 让位于竞争需要 give way to the need for competition
/k6fLn2; 实现目标 realize the goal
Yc;ec9~ 适应…的发展 adapt oneself to the development of
Z
cpmquf8L 损失惨重 suffer great losses
T3 pdx~66 缩小不平衡状态 decrease the imbalance
Vmi{X b]< 缩小…间的距离 narrow the gap between
yI)~]K
r 提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants
DtF}Qv A 提高管理水平 raise the management level
P8I*dvu _ 提高居民生活 improve residents’ standard of living
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CSeOR 调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure
S$[k Q|Am 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass) production (commercialize laboratory achievements)
NlF}{ 退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money
UVEz;<5@\ 脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
2]WE({P 完善服务 perfect services
+ WDq =S 为…带来多种经济和社会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to…
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为…提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities
N1x@-/xa| 吸收游资 absorb idle fund
kXc25y'blP 吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment
} !s!;B Ox 下海 plunge into the commercial sea
:c] `D > 陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble
pq! %?m] 向…投资巨额资金 invest huge amounts of money into
x\@*6 0o 消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products
(@sp/:`6 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction
5#2 F1NX 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality
Is.WZY a 优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior
LE=k 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation
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有巨大潜力 have huge potential for
K_BPZ5 w 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market ';HIP
7Z,/g|s}z 在…建立分公司 set up branches in
!Pj/7JC0 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on
xUWr}j4; 造成损失 cause a loss to
ktH8as^54! 增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture ]
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占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market
6oL1_) 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)
"ZMkL)'7- 制订…法律 make a law of TS : Cd
q/ &y*)&'O 制定优惠政策 work out favorable policy
&h~aChJ 制造假象 create smoke screens to do
^ 4hO8 阻碍…的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development
XvGA|Ekf< 阻止人才流失 stop the talent flight (brain drain)
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k[ `dR; 遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy
;N=G=X|} 三、文化生活类
! . HnGb+ 把…列为世界自然文化遗产 list …as a world natural heritage site
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p" 摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances)
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^du' 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage (relics)
xFF r 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries
%i0\1hhV< 不注重历史 neglect history
EeQ5vqU 采取保护态度 take protective attitude
4&X*pL2; 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations
A.%CAGU5w 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past
3:CO{=`\7B and usher in the future
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1lO 充分发挥知识分子的积极性 give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals
-8Ti*: 和创造性
y=sGe!^ 触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law
& eZfQ27$ 创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city
o|8`>!hF 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old
3.R#&Zxt year and ring in the new)
(!K_Fy@ 从事电子商务工作 conduct e-commerce
I4_d[O9 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally
M: SO2Czz 促进交流 promote the communication
\F6LZZ2Lv 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products
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促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding
12 `_;[37 得到群众的广泛支持 enjoy grass-root support
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fEO > 抵住…的诱惑 resist the temptation of
Z@rN_WXx 对…持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to
d+L#t 对…情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to
2&(sa0*y 发挥…的聪明才智 develop one’s own talents and wisdom
aw $L$7b} 发挥潜力 tap one’s potential
TCVl8)j 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art
-p,x&h,p 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China
qCMl!g' 放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse, throw off one’s airs)
}ynT2a#LU' 腐蚀人的灵魂 poison one’s mind
!b| ' Vp^U 改进教学 improve teaching and learning ?
W 0[N0c 给学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
,d,\-x-+/ 和…持相同观点 share views similar to
alFjc.~} 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars
Q[ieaL6& 激发旅游热情 stimulate enthusiasm for traveling
rw%l*xgX 继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions
|FR3w0o 加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments
q!, zq 讲诚信，反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating
K`:=]Z8 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions)
xl4=++pu) 教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
:Og:v#r8= 经受住暴风雨的考验 weather the storm
) |#%Czd4 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care
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净化因特网 purify the Net
7YIK9ed P 举办文化节(展览会) hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)
%,*$D} H 举行学术会议 hold an academic meeting
mXWTm%'[ 开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy
|PV t}*0" 开发潜力 exploit one’s potential
Zy"=y+e!E; 开阔视野 widen one’s vision (horizon)
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M 开设课程 offer courses
eo]#sf@\0 开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries
%Q|eiXD 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture
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BTE 攀登事业的高峰 climb one’s career ladder
%oykcf,# 评估学业成绩 evaluate academic scores (achievements)
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+0zhS 破除迷信 eradicate superstition ¬
(g8*d^u#PO 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal
jh ez 普及科普知识，传播科学 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread
SqPtWEq@P 思想，倡导科学精神 scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit
jB$SUO`* 启发学生 enlighten the students
{i{xo2<1" 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers
d 4{FDqto 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy
M7}Q=q\9 上网 get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet
cL7g}$W $ 实施以德育为核心、以创新 carry on the quality education centering on moral education
|(IO= V4P 精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice
8Cf|*C+_' 素质教育
t={0( 使英语达到更高水平 push one’s English to a higher level
{[G`Z9]z&- 受到…的关注 receive attention from
qc-,+sn( 疏导游客 divert tourists
P~$< X 疏通关系 lubricate relationships
&V=7D# L 树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
-e -e9uP 刷卡, 划卡 punch the card; stamp the card
LgqGVh3\s 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste (temperament)
)$M, Ul 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)
nS.G~c| 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants
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Z 提高全民反毒品的意识 raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs
&_-](w` 提高知名度 raise one’s prestige
6F0(aGs 提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education
5 9 2;W-y 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations
b[^{)$( 透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
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C\ 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization
eD#XDK 挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)
I}0_nge 物质文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress
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t(MFK \ 相互促进 help each other forward
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1|"- 向世界展示中国文化建设 introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to vot
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N 的成就 the world
S3 \jcgrS 向学生传授知识 impart knowledge to students
? Nj)6_& 消除误解 clear up misunderstanding
|m>}%{ 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance
b5`KB75sbo 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice
wT_^'i*@I KX+ey8@[ 的社会风尚
a|qsQ'1,; 以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look
q? z> 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
!$xu(D. 引起激烈争论 spark a hot debate
1"E\C/c 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment
`lCuU~~ag 影响身心健康 affect physical and psychological health
d]B= *7] 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education
ej[S u 与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries
Uene=Q6> 增强自我保护意识 strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right
O.\ h'3C 找工作 hunt for a job
x mo&![P 值得重视(关注) deserve one’s attention
,)#.a%EKA 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software
%J P!{mqj 重视(优先考虑)教育发展 give priority to the development of education
"kSwa16O 重视实用性 place stress on practicality
~<O,Vs_C/ 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people
qu{mqkfN> a vNLV 四、科技环保类
| rPAC![= 帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming
)U98 保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance
L#j /0IHD 保持水土 preserve soil and water
Y3o Mh, 保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the
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3-t/= 保护珍稀野生动植物 protect rare wild animals and plants
e- 6(F4 保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland
x s1bxJ_R 采用环保技术 adopt environmental protection technique
j#igu#MB* 采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods
^KH%mSX> 参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city
{nRUH*(d9 参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities
$c =&0yt5 产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effects
el*9 Ih 崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life
Czu1 )y 创造良好的生态环境 create a pleasant ecological environment
-Enbcz(B 促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city
,+-h 7^{` 发展太阳能 develop solar energy
SC q3Ds ^ 防治污染 prevent and control pollution
[=~!w_ 非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest
H m8y]>$ 改善生态环境 improve the eco-environment (ecological environment)
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S0 5YW 关闭化工厂 close chemical plants
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4 加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control
u}CG>^0C 加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city
ha>SZnKD{ 加强环境保护 strengthen environmental protection
5"2@NL 加强生态建设 improve the eco-construction
k~|ZO/X@l% 加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil
|_I[1%&`N 坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”
n)CH^WHL& 减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles
_LsYMU e 减少浪费 reduce waste
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A 揭开人类生命的奥秘 decode the secret of human life
%*p^$5 L< 进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans
6vWii)O.D 禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open
@>Ek '~m 开展保护野生动物宣传教育 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals
