基本句型 |+Hp+9J
第一句主题句写完后,第二句往往可以对第一句的概括性内容进行进一步的说明或陈述。陈述的意念很多,句型也很多,现在让我们从最基本的开始。 99l>CYXd
I.There is / are [There was; There were; There will be; There has been; There have been]+sth. (单数 / 复数) in [at; on] + sth. (表示地方、范围、方面存在或出现某事物,这是一个用途广泛的句型,也是考生容易犯错误的句型) .>mH]/]m
例句:
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我国每年有100万肿瘤病人未能放疗。 j4~7akG
In our country there are one million patients with tumor who fail to get radiotherapy every year. HE#,(;1i
One million patients with cancer fail to get radiotherapy every year in our country. (此句表达很好。) Q00R<hu@F
*There are one million patients with tumor not get radiotherapy every year in our country. ( 此句表达错误) z-EwXE
One million patients with cancer do not get treatment every year in our country. csH2_+uG
2. 药品器具市场有不少问题。 <Rcu%&;i
There are many problems in the markets of medications and medical devices. !
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Many problems exist in the markets of medications and medical devices. o"rq/\ovv
*The markets of medications and medical devices have many problems. (not good) Tub1Sv>J
The markets of medications and medical devices face many problems. $&cz$jyY
3. 在健康教育方面,中国与发达国家还有一定的距离。 k:b/Gq`
There is a certain gap between China and developed counties in health education. aq3~!T;W
There exists a certain gap between China and developed countries in health education. J|VK P7
*In health education, China and developed countries have some distance. (此句错误) ;B&^yj&;
Health education in China is not as good as that in developed countries. K)\(wxv
4. 我国约有民办医院400多家。 z;i4N3-:
There are nearly 400 private hospitals in our country. >_XOc
5. 没有治愈过敏症的办法。 A_!QrM
There are no cures for allergies. `/#f?Hk=
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II. 主语(多半为有生命的)+have / has [had; will have; has had; have had]+sth.(表示拥有、具有,用途极广,但不少考生也容易犯错误) )uZoH8?
例句: $}t=RW
1. 人的耳朵有两个功能:听声音和保持平衡。 cA D[3b[Gk
The human ear has two main functions: hearing and maintaining balance. tAF]2VV(e
2. 艾滋病有三个特点。 et=7}K]l
AIDS has three basic characteristics [features]. cv}aS_`f
3. 我国70%~80%的大学生有心理问题。 P?kx
70%~80%of colleges students in our country have mental problems. !O|ql6^;
4.大多数的吸烟者都有肺部疾病。 X0`j-*,FX
Most smokers have lung problems. j&5G\6:
5.临床护理专家在日常工作中有四种不同的角色:护理者、顾问、教育者和研究者。 ]*qU+&
Clinical nurse specialists have four different roles in their daily practice: nurse practitioner, counselor, tutor [educator] and researcher. LheFQ A
III. contain sth. / include sth. (表示含有、包括) NmJ`?-Z
1. 其他反应还有胃痛、恶心、腹泻和气短。 I,b9t\(6
Other reactions include stomach pains, sickness, diarrhea and shortness of breath. Ga v"C{G
2. 他们的血液和体液里都含有大量艾滋病病毒,具有很强的传染性。 nZfs=@w:y
Their blood and body liquids contain lots of AIDS viruses which are highly infectious. owvS/"@
There are lots of highly infectious AIDS viruses in their blood and body liquids. yub{8 f;v
3. 所以,应选择富有碳水化合物的食物。 69-:]7.g
Therefore, you should choose foods which contain a lot of carbohydrate. Y25^]ON*\^
Therefore, one should choose foods (which are) rich in carbohydrate. Zb(E:~h\
4. 狗会传播多种疾病,有一些是致人死命的疾病。 \q "N/$5{f
Dogs can spread many diseases, including some that are deadly to people. r`jWp\z
Dogs can spread many diseases some of which can make people die. {T=52h=e
5. 一种食物中很难含有全部的维生素。 jfD1
One kind of food can hardly contain all the vitamins. 4*TmlY
It is unlikely to have a kind of food that contains all sorts of vitamins. `
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6. 差异可能有个体、宗教、年龄、种族、生活方式、社会经济状况、家庭结构等。 rAb&I"\ZY
The differences may include individuality, spiritual beliefs, gender, age, race, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, and family structure. Ha%F"V*
7. 临床护理专家(clinical nurse specialist) 的作用有临床实践、咨询服务、教学以及相关护理研究成果的应用。 .Pe9_ZH$W
The role of clinical nurse specialists should include clinical practice, consultation, teaching and the application of relevant nursing research. Gh}yb-$N`&
实践上,汉语的“有”字,在许多情况下,是不须用have或there is之类的英语词汇表达出来的,例如: :P$#M
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1. 有的细菌是有害于人体健康的微生物,有的则有益。 KVkMU?6
Some bacteria are harmful micro-organisms to our human body, but some are helpful. (&[[46
*There are some bacteria are harmful micro-organisms to our human body, there are some are helpful. (此句表达错误) G,XPT,:%
Some bacteria are bad for health, but some are good. )}MHx`KT2
2. 过去几年,农村医疗卫生的形势有了很大的变化。 O/Rhf[7v*
The situation of rural medical care greatly changed in the past years. kkS~4?-*
There were great changes in the situation of rural medical care in the past years. h1[WhBL-O
*The situation of rural medical care had great changes recently. [not good] C3XmK}h
The situation of rural medical care witnessed great changes in the past years. fY,|o3#
Rural medical care greatly changed in the past years. sbj";h=E
3. 导致这种情况的原因,我认为有两点。 2&Jdf
I think that two reasons resulted in this situation. hePPxKQ-
I think there are two reasons leading to this situation. 5GQLd
4. 好医院应该有什么病人治什么病人。
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A good hospital should treat whatever patients come to it. x%N\5 V1
A good hospital should treat all kinds of patients. _:g&,2bc
A good hospital should not refuse any patient. (;_FIUz0
5. 在整个青年期,人的行为都具有很大的盲目性和冲动性。 VZy4_v=
In the whole period of youth, a person’s actions are full of blindness and impulse. QA#3bFZt1n
In the whole period of youth, a person’s actions are characterized by blindness and impulse. &fOdlQ?
In the whole period of youth, a person’s actions are often out of blindness and sudden excitement. yX!HZu;j
When people are young, they often act blindly and impulsively. <7_KeOLJ
6. 人类与艾滋病作斗争已经有二十多年了。 !#2=\LUC
Man has been fighting against [dealing with] AIDS for more than twenty years. L<V3KS2y
7. 要让患者在生命的末期没有身体上的痛苦。 zYY$D.
Make sure that patients do not suffer much physical pain at the end of life. L';MP^
We should make patients free of [from] much bodily pain at the end of their life. &HW1mNF9
We can free patients of [from] much bodily pain at the end their life. 3+Qxg+<
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然而,又有许多情况下,汉语没有“有”字,但英语可以用最基本最简单的have或there is来表达,这一点很值得我们考生注意。 laKuOx}
例如: (ll*OVL
1. 影响健康的因素很多。 FR[ B v
There are many factors which can affect health. OZY, @c
*Many factors can affect health. S~Z|PLtF
2. 基因将会在不同物种之间转移,转基因作物的培育过程中也会发生错误。 =&wmWy
There will be movement of genes between species. There will be some mistakes in the development of genetically-modified crops, too. %V`F!D<D
3. 目前使用的化学物资多达20,000种。 !$;a[Te
Currently there are some 20,000 chemicals in use. *l+OlQI0+
*Currently some 20,000 chemicals are in use.
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4. 20%的大学生心理存在严重障碍。 *OJ/V O
20% of college students have serious mental problems. Kv'n:z
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5. 近来许多社区开展了各种各样的健康教育活动。 l%ay
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Recently there have been a variety of health education activities in many communities. )tHaB,
6. 过去的一年中,试管婴儿的出生数量大幅飙升。 7hW+T7u?
There was a sharp increase in the number of newborn test-tube babies in the past year. =L|tp%!
7. 他们个人卫生方面的问题很多。 aNn"X y\ k
They have many bad habits in personal hygiene. !Z!g:II
/
There many problems in their personal hygiene. 4/ kv3rv
Their personal hygiene is not satisfactory. u]NZ`t%AP
8. 治疗药物可分为三大类:抗HIV病毒药物,免疫调节剂和抗感染药物。 &6 s) X
There are three kinds of treatment drugs: the anti-HIV ones, immunoregulation ones and anti-infective ones. ?[<Tx-L
9. 该物质什么浓度对人无害,尚不清楚。 znJ
hP}(
There is no known level at which this substances is not dangerous to people. j*"3t^|-
We do not know which concentration makes this substance harmful to people. }G o$
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10. 手术后无需用药。 O%g$9-?F0
There will be no need for any medication after operation. b`yZ|j'ikd
11. 毫无疑问,抽烟有害健康。 b*a2,MiM
There is no doubt that smoking is harmful to health. ~R$~&x