1 首都师范大学2017年博士研究生入学考试英语试题 考生答题须知 1． 所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。 2． 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。 3． 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。 4． 答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。 Part L Listening Comprehension ( 25％) Section A: Spot Dictation Directions: In this section, you are going to hear a passage. The passage will he read only once. As you listen to the passage, fill in the blanks with the words you hear. After the passage, there will be a 3-minute pause. During the pause, you must write the words on the Answer Sheet. A recent university research project investigated the attitudes of postgraduate science students (1) ____the learning of English vocabulary. The results were urprising. I'll (2) ____three of them. firstly, most of the stcrdeaats think that (3) ____every word ill English has just one meaning. This is, of course:, completely (4) ____to the facts. A glance at any English dictionary will show this. The student will (5) ____find seven or eight meanings listed for (6) ____simple' words. Why, then, have these students made such a mistake:' One reason irnay be that they're .ill (7) ____. students. Scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning, and one meaning only. Another reason., of course,could be the way in Which these Student, Were They may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner English. (M one side of the page is the word in Iaaglish-, on the other sloe, a single \ti'ord in the (Q) native language. 'l°he second attitude that (10) ____from the findings is equally mistaken. (11) ____all the students think that every word in English has an exact (12) ____equivalent. Again, this is far from the trijth. Sometimes one word in Iinglish can only be translated by a (13) ____in the student's native languial c. "there are other (l4) ____ill translation which we won't mention fLM5L_S}Y
2 here. (:ertainly the idea of a one word for one word translation (15) ____is completely false. Translation machines, which tried to work on this (16) ____ failed completely. The third result'of the investigation showed another (17) ____in the students' thinking. They believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word, they're in a (18) ____to use it correctly. This is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly (19) ____for English. The student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means. Some words in English mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations. What, then, is the best way to increase one's vocabulary? This can be answered in three words-observation, (20) ____and repetition. Section B: Multiple Choice Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear S questions. The passage and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then write your choice on the Answer Slicet. 21. A) It had no efFect on living cells. 13) It had effects on living cells. C) It had effects only on children. I)) It had effects only on adults. 22. A) An increasing number of cancers in children. I3) A link between an electric current and the energy fold. C) A causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field. 1)) A Small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line. 23. A) 446. 13) 464. C ) 223. 1))234. 24. A) Because he doesn't have enough evidence. .bc oH
3 R) Because other scientists have not studied his results yet. C.) Because he discovered no direct link between disease and electricity. D) Because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet been proved. 25. A) Health and environment. B) Electric current and the energy field. C) Electricity and cancer. D) Electrical workers and cancer. Section C: Question and Answer Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. The passage will be read only once. Then try to answer the following questions according to what you have heard. Remember you should write your answer on the Answer Sheet. 26. Why aren't most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town? 27. Why do many small town doctors work long hours? 28. What is the growing problem in the United States? 29. How many new doctors did the National Health Service Corps produce in 1979? 30. Whom did a hospital in Parkersprary offer a reward o? 5,000 dollar to? Part 11[. Vocabulary (20%) , Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet. 31. To qualify for such a position, the native would first have to receive specialized training, and this is____ A) refused B) discouraged C) denied D) forbidden 32. The little girl wore a very thin coat. A sudden gust of cold wind made her____ A) whirl B) shift
