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一、肺 Lung %.b)%=
清晰 clear ?}B9=R$Pi
肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows ~]A';xH&
肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings \nx^=4*yk
钙化灶 calcified x-U^U.i@
空洞 cavitation 5gV8=Ml"V
球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) q!<`ci,uS
小块阴影区 a minimal area of density S]1+tj
散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows cCU'~
边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density :M ix*NCf
圆形致密影 a round density '8k\a{t_z
胸膜增厚 pleural thickening q?Q"Ab
肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle ^C):yxNP
横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement f<WnPoV
包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion 4^alAq^
液气胸 hydropneumothorax rg_-gZl8&z
纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement bR*T}w$<
肺门模糊 hilar haze *u7C){)gr[
肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density ss,t[`AV{
肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) uiE9#G
阴影性状 shadow 9|Jmj @9
淡的 haziness [4Glt>Nj>
云雾状 clouding J`} /+WN 7
线装 streaky >}u?{_s *0
絮状 patcky .(CzsupY_q
结节状 nodular ,$vc*}yI0
块状 massive WqY:XE+?\
粟粒状 miliary xYM/{[
融合状 confluent i3;Z:,A4NN
均匀的 homogeneous ):LJ {.0R
二、心脏 Heart >V87#E
左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement >S5D-)VX
主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta )@1_Dm@0b
主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart wm*`
肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment "@GopD
肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery *M+:GH/5
心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow bMkn(_H)\
左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement 3{on$\
左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation r]BB$^@@V
靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart ;c:vzF~Q
主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta JYm@Llf)$
心腰部 waist of heart nsw.\(#
垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart JZu7Fb]L9
三、腹部平片 KUB film }6C&N8f
结石 calculus VC>K
W{&J0
钙化影 calcified shadow @U5+1Hjc
阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern <T
液气平面 gas-fluid level ttZ!P:H2
膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air D9#e2ex]
四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination I9SO}a2p
胃肠造影 gastroenterography MfeW|
双重对比造影 double contrast radiography :Nc~rOC_
食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign ':o.vQdJ
十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) f_D1zU^
小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine v{?9PRf\s
结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon I|Z5*iXqCm
胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time @f*/V e0.
胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach "-ZuH
充盈缺损 filling defect
9l{r&]
黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds VD36ce9
张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) <0R?#^XBZB
球部激惹现象 irritable cap 8.Y6r
蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) bG.aV#$FIg
蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis <-}6X
蠕动消失 aperistalsis OWOj|jM
排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation ?F?!QrL
跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon "28x-F+J
黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold NwT3e&u%|
黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold >-y'N.l^
五、胆道 bile tract |!57Z4X
口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography )2bPu[U
静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography U6.$F#n
经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography 8
A%)m
经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) ,a5I:V^\
胆总管扩张dilated common duct *]x]U >EF
胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily Z[0xqGYLB
胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately p@r~L(>+3
收缩功能 contractibility (q:L_zFj>"
六、骨骼skeleton ^P&y9dC.
骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone nBGk %NM 8
洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance T:na\y/{j
骨膜反应 periosteal reaction W J^r~*r
骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) 61!R-
骨化 ossification aQinR
"o
畸形 deformity =GnDiI
缩短 shortening %G\rL.H|
移位 displacement Du[$6
脱位 luxation a#j0N5<Nl
半脱位 subluxation x\x>_1oP
连接不正 malunion q
jUQ2d
青枝骨折 greenstick fracture =<a`G3SY!
多发性骨折 multiple fracture Q> @0'y=s
病理性骨折 pathological fracture 1_GUi
关节间隙 joint space (y#8z6\dx
椎间隙 intervertebral space JsVW:8QO~
肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage g4I(uEJk
骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) ,Qj7wFZ
骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis h
7I_{v8
死骨 sequestrum mpXco *!_
骨质坏死 bone necrosis p0'A\@|
关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint oACuI|b
关节强直 ankyloses !*+~R2&b
骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation 4wBMBCJ;P
对线良好 good alignment 3xV
对位良好 good apposition ldi'@^
七、泌尿系统 urological system 4J-)+C/edx
静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) ']A+wGR&r
逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography UiaY0 .D
萎缩 atrophy TQ>kmHWf/
移位 deformity ]W-:-.prh
扭曲 distortion N;<<-`i
充盈缺损 filling defect XSn^$$S
狭窄 stricture i&{8a3B
不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone Ok2k;
+l
八、X线检查位置 QjF.U8
前后位 anteroposterior projection &{/ `Q,
后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection l|U=(aA]h
侧位 lateral projection "%-HZw%X
立位 upright position 7GWPsaPn
斜位 oblique projection HrEZ]iQ@O0
右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection 7PHvsd"]p
前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection "7Zb)Ocb
前凸位 lordotic position projection y%`^*E&
轴位 axial position I_'vVbK+>
头位 cranial projection Wi
hQ
j
尾位 caudal projection pkjL2U: