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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 .shi?aWm  
  一、肺 Lung 19E(Hsz  
  清晰 clear gv*b`cl   
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows eZ'8JU]  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings ] ZV[}7I.  
  钙化灶 calcified dY 8 H2;  
  空洞 cavitation [l}H:%O,  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) c]6b|mHT  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density \<7Bx[/D4  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows B2;P%B  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density 1&w%TRC2x  
  圆形致密影 a round density jPWONz(#  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening GwX)~.i  
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle z?byNd8  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement & NYaKu,}  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion CI W4E  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax m{IlRf'  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement R{g= N%O  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze wm5&5F4:  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density R@c])\^]  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) kckRHb eU  
  阴影性状 shadow +( LH!\{^  
  淡的 haziness lC5zqyG  
  云雾状 clouding +7.|1x;C  
  线装 streaky Y@FYo>0O  
  絮状 patcky E !kN h  
  结节状 nodular Phn^0 iF  
  块状 massive a\P:jgF  
  粟粒状 miliary J!C \R5\  
  融合状 confluent 9qap#A  
  均匀的 homogeneous LUQ.=:mBR  
  二、心脏 Heart 7KgaXi3r  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement nCYz ];".  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta U$y 9f  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart m` 1dB%;?  
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment &M|rRd~*  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery 8a6.77c  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow \(Ma>E4PNU  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement }3lG'Y#Kpy  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation ilL%  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart ^Gk)aX  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta tl dK@!E3  
  心腰部 waist of heart %{ BV+&  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart S)hDsf.I  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film AZ.QQ*GZ#y  
  结石 calculus YP,,vcut  
  钙化影 calcified shadow EjfQF C  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern b ri[&=  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level &4OOW;,?<  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air ,$`} Rf<  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination q 4Pv\YO  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography X3sAy(q  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography |&K;*g|a  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign lITd{E,+r  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) 3w^W6hN)  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine ^: /c<(DQD  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon .6MG#N  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time P 4B|l:  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach =|J*9z;  
  充盈缺损 filling defect )q{qWobS0  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds ;?q(8^A  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) UG\2wH_  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap J4eU6W+{  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) QyCrz{/  
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis E^J &?-  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis 0V6, &rTF  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation 2|7:`e~h  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon RF*>U a  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold yLf9cS6=  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold Foq3==*p  
  五、胆道 bile tract XR",.3LD  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography yW?-Z[  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography B^9C}QB  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography hqeknTGsIn  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) r1F5'?NZ(0  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct Pz*BuL <  
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily : F3UJ[V  
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately V=fu[#<@Ig  
  收缩功能 contractibility Q.9,W=<6  
  六、骨骼skeleton Z:^<NdKe  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone EwcFxLa!F  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance FS8l}t  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction \X6q A- Ht  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) E`La O  
  骨化 ossification -J!n7  
  畸形 deformity D(Z#um8n  
  缩短 shortening xN$V(ZX4  
  移位 displacement hQ>$ "0K  
  脱位 luxation JK,^:tgm  
  半脱位 subluxation ~tTa[_a!  
  连接不正 malunion ;~ Xjk  
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture &:C[ nq  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture %;]/Z%!  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture | #a{1Z)  
  关节间隙 joint space !M}-N  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space +?t& 7={~  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage `r&Ui%fk;0  
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) x!85P\sm  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis ZH=Bm^  
  死骨 sequestrum (j:[<U  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis gzK/l:  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint ku57<kb  
  关节强直 ankyloses  ZJ)>gV  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation CNj |vYj  
  对线良好 good alignment {a>JQW5=  
  对位良好 good apposition CXu$0DQ(  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system VAheus  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) %26HB w=JF  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography Z @m5hx&  
  萎缩 atrophy l YdATM(h  
  移位 deformity Ozulp(8*  
  扭曲 distortion |J-tU)|1vl  
  充盈缺损 filling defect _MQh<,Z8  
  狭窄 stricture d]_].D$  
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone !oRN,m[7)p  
  八、X线检查位置 cjLA7I.O  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection 0jXDjk5'<  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection 4 q % Gc  
  侧位 lateral projection ok-q9dM  
  立位 upright position cy8r}wD  
  斜位 oblique projection IAmMO[9H  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection J1r\Cp+h0  
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection h^."wv  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection 'L1yFv  
  轴位 axial position 0|\JbM  
  头位 cranial projection ,F'y: px  
  尾位 caudal projection 0!c/4^  
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