Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. l4mRNYv)z
The hallmarks of cancer conceptualization is a heuristic tool for distilling the vast m*1
complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into a provisional set of underly- hrJ(] [8
ing principles. As knowledge of cancer mechanisms has progressed, other facets of the disease have ]' n4 e*
emerged as potential refinements. Herein, the prospect is raised that phenotypic plasticity and dis- q'trd};xR
rupted differentiation is a discrete hallmark capability, and that nonmutational epigenetic reprogram- Tei2[siA5
ming and polymorphic microbiomes both constitute distinctive enabling characteristics that facilitate $XcH.z
the acquisition of hallmark capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells, of varying origins, may be added ~u!V_su]GY
to the roster of functionally important cell types in the tumor microenvironment.
