中国人民大学——英语2004年博士研究生入学考试试题 qNbgN{4
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II. Vocabulary (10 points) \YF'qWB
PartA (5 points) 8d\/
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices uy=
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marked iL B, C arm 1). Choose the:one thatbest completes the ot,e?lF
sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across +}!FP3KgT
the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1. T:EUI]
Example: .^?Z3iA",
She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ TZ@S?r>^
A. previously B. vLrtually C. primarily D. domestically SV_b(wP9
The sentence should read,; "She prefers foreign wine to that produce A ]~%<=b
domesticany." Therefore, you should choose D. UL\gcZ
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Sample Answer Ezw<
[A] [B] [C] [D] hk+"c^g:j<
1. International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the V%!my[b
present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages__ [%BWCd8Q~P
patriotism. &GLe4zEh
A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiable V']1j
Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and X0gWTs
fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed thoughts. r#'E;Yx
A. dilemmas B. countenances C. concessions D. junctions $iAd)2LT
3. People innately _____ for superiority over their peers although it nL-kBW Ed>
sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power. 5Lm<3:7Q+
A. strive B. ascertain C. justify D. adhere .2:S0=xt<
4. Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife |+(Hia,X
for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set cu$i8$?t
up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them. _i+7O^=d6X
A. conservation B. maintenance C. storage D. reserve s~MCt|a
5. According to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking joJ:*oL
15 points .last month, to its lowest level in 9 years. F
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A. soared B. mutated C. plummeted D. fluctuated
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6. Melissa is a computer___ that destroyed files in computers and TdH~sz
frustrated thousands of users around the world. sz+Uq]Mn
A. genius B. vires C. disease D. bacteria n^Sc*7
7. The emphasis:on examinations is iby far the. worst form of nH^RQ'19
competition in schools. _ 0Ced&i
A. negligent B. edible C. fabulous D. disproportionate b5Pakz=jNM
8. The boy seemed more _____ to their poverty, after seeing how his MW6KEiQ"
grandparents lived. Kp_^ 2V?
A. reconciled B. consolidated gC qQ~lWZ
C. deteriorated D. attributed }8cX0mZ1j
9. During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never____ a chance to 'uOzC"_yF
practice his Chinese. 2r|!:^'?W
A. passed on B. passed up C. passed by D. passed out Vz,2_QJ
10. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ____ can be v/B:n
distributed. jL[
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A. paradoxes B. legacies C. platitudes D. analogin +w
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Part B (5 points) |r=.}9
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Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase .wfN.Z
underlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and Ly$s0.!
D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underiined part. N%.DjH
Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square #)xg$9LQb
bracket on ANSWER SHEET I. ?w[M{
Example: SLze) ?.
The secretary is Very competent; she can finish all these letters within one !bH
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.. ;.,ca, ODe mrfc.{`[
bour. Hf'yRKACj
A. careful B. industrious C. clever D. capable #`0iN+qh
In this sentence, "competent" is closest -;n m e:zting to "capable". Therefore +i[w& P
you should choose D. 6/#5TdJA
Sample Answer UT9=S21
[A] [B] [C] [DD] m9Uoq[1
11. He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional %TJF+;
roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby. FDAREE\j
A. depict B. advocate D; criticize D. analyze :-f"+v
12,. They achieved more than they had eyer dreamed, lending a magic tO their d%istFL)
family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival. N
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A.confirm B. achieve C.match D exaggerate |7CH
13. The most urgent thing is to find a dump. for those toxic____ industrial wastes. \?} {wh8
A. imminent B. recyclable C. smelly D. poisonous /rNY;qXM
i4. British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would 7<=7RPWmD
nor be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N.sanction. DOXRU5uP3
A. allies B. delegates C. voters D. juries 7 #,+Q(2
15. The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our :children's college and *TuoC5
our own retirement security is ,chilling. VmTk4?V4
A. frightening B. promising C. freezing D. revealing oh;F]*k6
16. Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British l!ye\
Crown. zYOPE 6E
A. secret plan B. bold attack C. clever design D. joint effort uF T\a=
17. Evidence, reference, and foomotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous 7l Aa6"Y68
researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different 5b B[o6+
beorefical and political positions. e7L;{+XI
A. trustworthy B. intelligent C. diligent D. meticulous UhCd,
18. Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, them are no stories of women )m[!HE`cZ
being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region. ,XP9NHE
A. intriguing B. exasperating: C. demonstrative D. unprovoked $zCUQthL@
19. The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up /KKX;L[D(
faces for .nocturnal raids in the forest. c2"eq2'BS
A. illegal B. night-time C, brutal D. abusive ;T52aX
20. Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a '
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more avid fondness for the limelight, l!i B
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A. mercurial B, gallant C. ardent D. frugal g6W.Gl"5\w
III. Cloze (10 points) I)B2Z(<Q
Directions : Read the following passage. Choose the best word for each 1shvHmrV
numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the vJq`l3
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square bracket on Answer Sheet I. 1<R
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Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea, E/GI:}YUy_
___ 21 ___ into a hobby and Iately has ____22 ____ into a full- time passion. The _X.M,id
two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph. D candidates I3s}t$`y(
___ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started theirguide in *gT
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April 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the Intemet. orU4{.e
Before long they ___25 ___ that their home,brewed lists were becoming too rWvJ{-%
long and ____ 26____ Gradually they began to spend more andmore time on fCVSVn"o
Yahoo. 2dI:],7
During 1994, they ____ 27____ yahoo into a customized database designed ng 6G<
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to____28_____ the needs of the thousands of users____29____ began to use the 0^[$0]Mt[
service through the closely ___ 30____ Intemet community. They developed yz+r@I5
customized software to help them___ 31 ___ locate, identify and edit material 6% ,Q
___32___ on the Intemet. The name Yahoo is ____ 33____ to stand for "Yet T@S+5(
Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle". but Filo and Yang insist they selected '",
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the ___34 ___ because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo? itself first !{3pp
___ 35 ___ on Yang's workstation, "akebono", while the search engine was QTyl=z7
___ 36 ___ on Filo's computer, "Konishiki".
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In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication !kz\
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in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files 2Vi[qS^
___ 37___ to larger computers ___38____ at Netscape. As a result Stanford's 5s|gKM
computer network returned to ___ 39___ , and both parties benefiasc. Today, qj/P4 *6E
Yahoo___ 40 ___ organized information on tens of thousands of computers U--ER
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linked to the web. Ar$LA"vu4
1. A. became B. grew C. mm D. intend 2]'ozs$|v
2. A. made B. saw C. looked D. turned ]Lh\[@#1f
3. A. in B. on C. about D. fer :H87x?e[
4. A. touch ?. contact C. n-ack D. record uJ$"2<O
5. A. founded E. found C. argued D. reported 0j yokER
6. A. unwieldy B. tough C. tamable D invaluable :`|,a(
7. A. exchanged B. shank C. sold D. converted - t+Mh.
8. A. explain B. serve C. discover D. evaluate ~+g5?y
9. A. which B. that C. actually D. eagerly ~E\CAZ
10. A. relative B. interactive C.bound D. contacted |
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11. A. fluently B. efficiently C.exactly D. actually r3-3*_
12. A. transmitted B. purchased C. sold D. ,)RdXgCs
13. A. about B. bound C. going D. supposed nZ*P:K t:
I4. A. fable B. model C. name D. brand tEUmED0FY
15. A. supported B. resided C. lived D. launched o?3R HP47
16. A. connected B. lodged C. introduced D. linked g[$B90
17. A. over B, away C. inside D. beneath BAhC-;B#R
18. A. housed B. caught C. hosed D. bidden C/bttd
19. A. average B. normal C. ordinary D. equal S;NXOsSu
20. A. attains B.detains C. maintains D. contains 8%4`Yj=
IV. Reading Comprehension (20 points) V#~.Jg7
Directions: Read the following passages, decideon the best one of the choices 1mX*0>
marked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark 2
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the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the >W;i2%T
ANSWER SHEET. w.8~A,5}Dh
Passage 1 [a3
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Guthrie's contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break <%z/6I
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babies. {OOt+U!
One application of the thrcshoM method involves the time young children x3Ud0[(
spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the "7HB3?2>W
length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities BGX@n#:
are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of $ZS9CkN
the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often 6"7qZq
result. To apply Gutiarie's theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit >-
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activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could K\b O[J
gredually increase the time students spend working on a single activity. V5B-S.i@
The threshold methoci also can be applied to teaching printing abd X2cR+Ha0
handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movements x/=j$oA
awkward and they lack free motor coordination. The distances between lines on 'l|_$3
a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper Q7|13^|C
with narrow lines is initially introduced, students' letters would spill over the $J6.a!5IE
borders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters A ? M]5d
within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them >K
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refine their skills. iIE(zw)H
The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students BuTIJb+Q\
who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can s3{s.55{m
remove the students from the classroom, We them a large stack of paper, and ]ufW61W6Ci
tell them to start making paper airplanes. After the students have made several |lxy< C4V
airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for iwQ-(GjM[A
not building airplanes. 'c&@~O;^d
Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their W(h8!}
physical education class. To employ the fatigue method, theteacher might (0W}e(D8
decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has 6;cY!
begun. "<x~{BN?
The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and U@MP&sdL
misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. The mE`qvavP|/
media center teacher might ask the students'to find interesting books and read 87KrSZ
them while in the center. Assuming that the studentS find the books enjoyable, o^Yspp
the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books pYl{:uIPN8
rather than for talking with other students. *Ca)RgM
In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher ]"Y%M'
realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very ShJK&70O
boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, `QdQ?9x{F
such as experiments, videotapes, and debates, in an attempt to involvs students zN+*R;Ds
and raise their interest in the course. mO)PJd2ZD
41. The purpose of this passage is to___ .3<IOtD=
A. inform B. persuade C. debate D. narrate M+;P?|
a
42. Guthrie identified three methods for__ Hpi%9SAM
A. educating students B. altering bad habits X@qk> /
C. avoiding undesired action D. forming good hobbies 8a`+h#
43. Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold }l(m5
method? C`n9/[,#
A. Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food than the 6lmiMU&