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1、 scirrhous carcinoma ynIe4b
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2、 metaplasia yGa0/o18!?
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3、 granulocytic sarcoma wm5&5F4:
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4、 Comedocarcinoma 7-744wV}Z
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5、 koilocyte _Ewh:IM-
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6、 Myxedema %\JGDM*m
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7、 Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome GfONm
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8、 Truncle cirrhosis V( E
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9、 Charcot-leyden crysta [N,+mX
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1. What is granulomatous inflammation ? Please list two examples and describe their histopathological features. ?s, oH
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2. Please list each component of granulation tissue and describe their functions. n
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3. Outline when we apply for intraoperative frozen section examination and when not. nc1~5eo
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4. Please describe the pathological features of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. ((gI OTV
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5. Please try to list three infectious diseases which can cause intestinal ulcers, and briefly describe the morphological character of ulcers. 6wpW!SWD
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6. Please describe the cautions oflymph node biopsies. 'jO2p
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Section 3 (10point ×4) r.)n>
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1. What is the definition of immunohistochemistry? Please describe the reasons for false positive and false negative in immunohistochemical results. vRtERFL
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2. Please try to list the similarities and differences between abscess and phlegmonous inflammation. +6>2= ,?Z
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3. Please try to list the similarities and differences between epidemic meningitis and epidemic encephalitis B. kYCm5g3u
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4. Please list at least three histological types of thyroid carcinoma, and describe their biolodical behaviors. ,Gy,bcv{
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一、必答题(70分) RPMz&/k
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1、 简述成分输血的概念及意义。(6分) I;AS.y
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2、 SSI的全称是什么?包括哪些部位?(4分) us5Zi# }
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3、 大量输血有哪些主要并发症?(5分) *kf%?T.
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4、 简述营养支持方法的选择依据及原则。(7分) B4*,]lS?
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5、 围手术期发生下肢深静脉血栓形成的原因是什么?应当如何预防?(5分) #WUN=u
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6、 根据中国抗癌协会最新诊治指南与规范,乳腺癌哪些人群适宜保乳治疗?保乳治疗有哪些绝对禁忌症?(6分) uFuH/(}K[
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7、 男性,26岁,70Kg,不慎被火焰烧伤部位如图示(烧伤分布图:Ⅱ度分布:右上臂全部,左大腿后部;Ⅲ度分布:正面躯干及左大腿前部;会阴部无烧伤)。无休克、吸入性损伤及复合伤,请计算其烧伤面积,评估烧伤严重程度,并试计算第一个24小时补液量。(6分) tOF8v8Hd
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8、 简述清创术的基本要求。 -'oxenu
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9、 股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗选择。(4分) PHez5 }T
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10、 人、兽咬伤的治疗要点包括哪些?(4分) /gaC
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11、 简述医源性输尿管损伤的原因。(8分) RU.MJ
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12、 简述腹腔镜手术相关的特殊并发症及预防措施。(6分) H?=[9?1wI5
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13、 预防性使用抗生素有哪些适应症?(4分) 'oBv
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14、原发性肝胆管结石病有哪些主要的病理改变?(10分) X-"0Zc
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15、简述GIST的手术适应症及转移复发的处理。(10分) )qWO}]F
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16、颈动脉内膜切除术(CEA)治疗颈动脉严重狭窄手术有哪些绝对的和相对的适应证?有哪些禁忌证?(10分)