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主题 : 2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇
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楼主  发表于: 2016-07-27   

2017医学考博英语:影像X射线常用词汇

 医学考博词汇不仅在医学考博英语中会用到,平时大家写论文时也经常需要熟悉其含义,freekaobo将各类医学考博英语常用词汇进行分类,希望考生们平日多累积记忆。 ma/<#l^}  
  一、肺 Lung 7W+{U0 2O  
  清晰 clear "Y"`'U=v  
  肺门阴影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows =>&~p\Aw  
  肺纹理增粗 increase of lung markings Bsk` e  
  钙化灶 calcified oW>e.}d!  
  空洞 cavitation xa 967Ki9"  
  球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion) P,7R/-u5D  
  小块阴影区 a minimal area of density uLfk>&hc  
  散状的点(片)状阴影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows V0*MY{x #S  
  边界不清的片状阴影 a poorly defined patchy density @PK 1  
  圆形致密影 a round density + (`.pa z@  
  胸膜增厚 pleural thickening "|N0oEG&  
  肋膈角模糊(变钝、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle H> n;[  
  横膈抬高、活动受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement HIvSh6|0p  
  包裹性胸腔积液 encapsulated pleural effusion };'~@%U]/  
  液气胸 hydropneumothorax 9)n3f^,Oj*  
  纵膈移位 mediastinal displacement dIA1\;@  
  肺门模糊 hilar haze 5kHU'D  
  肺门密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density c0_5 12  
  肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction) -k%|sqDZj  
  阴影性状 shadow kk OjAp{<t  
  淡的 haziness <W^>:!?w  
  云雾状 clouding sdKm@p|/|  
  线装 streaky > lI2r}  
  絮状 patcky &x@N5j5Q  
  结节状 nodular B9`_~~^U5  
  块状 massive 6kONuG7Yv  
  粟粒状 miliary /<J5?H  
  融合状 confluent MB6lKLy6~  
  均匀的 homogeneous @-ir  
  二、心脏 Heart DtZ7UX\P  
  左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement hy 3?.  
  主动脉屈曲延长 a tortuous and prolonged aorta :Yi 4Ia  
  主动脉型(二尖瓣型)心脏 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart j,1cb,}=^  
  肺动脉段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment Pb7-pu5 X  
  肺动脉扩张 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery w3Dqpo8E  
  心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow DRRy5+,I  
  左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement #BI6+rfv|  
  左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation 99[v/L>F  
  靴形心脏 boot-shaped heart BbgKaCq  
  主动脉钙化 calcification of aorta Tq%##  
  心腰部 waist of heart b^<7@tY  
  垂位(狭长形;无力形;横位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart bGi k~  
  三、腹部平片 KUB film h 3p~\%^  
  结石 calculus '~xjaa;.  
  钙化影 calcified shadow |+1k7S  ,  
  阶梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern CSr2\ogT  
  液气平面 gas-fluid level )!sjXiC!h  
  膈下游离气体 subphrenic free air T 6=~vOzTJ  
  四、胃肠道钡剂检查 barium enema examination hNF,sA  
  胃肠造影 gastroenterography v2 >Dn =V  
  双重对比造影 double contrast radiography ?1H>k<Jp  
  食管蠕动征 esophageal peristalsis sign 0fa8.g#I$  
  十二指肠曲(压迹)duodenal flexure(impression) M:%Ll3  
  小肠黏膜皱襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine '~pZj"uy  
  结肠蠕动与排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon Y_nlIcu  
  胃排空时间延长 delayed gastric emptying time f/i[? gw  
  胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach q94*2@KV  
  充盈缺损 filling defect J 77*Ue ^  
  黏膜皱襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds 4Gsq)i17j  
  张力减低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity) l i2/"~l  
  球部激惹现象 irritable cap n:%A4*  
  蠕动增强 vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis) TA+/35^?  
  蠕动减弱 bradydiastalsis 'V*8'?  
  蠕动消失 aperistalsis dkOERVRe  
  排空加快(减缓) accelerated(reduced) evacuation C,5Erb/  
  跳跃现象 skipping phenomenon [ Ny'vAHOj  
  黏膜增宽和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold +fq;o8q  
  黏膜皱襞平坦 flat mucosal fold jHc/ EZB  
  五、胆道 bile tract )H1chNI)  
  口服胆囊造影 oral cholecystography liVDBbS_A?  
  静脉胆管胆囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography q<A,S8'm  
  经T形管胆囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography GoG_4:^#h  
  经皮肝穿刺胆管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) A|P `\_  
  胆总管扩张dilated common duct V;]U]   
  胆囊浓缩功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily 6bt{j   
  胆囊显影不好,浓缩功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately  SwmX_F#_  
  收缩功能 contractibility hFt~7R  
  六、骨骼skeleton "4i_}  
  骨皮质增厚 cortical thickening of bone #>qA&*+{n  
  洋葱皮样改变 “onion skin” appearance C,3 yu,'  
  骨膜反应 periosteal reaction JPS<e*5  
  骨质疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction) ?[ v C?P  
  骨化 ossification 2N_9S?a3sK  
  畸形 deformity TWTRMc;z+  
  缩短 shortening Vq#_/23=$y  
  移位 displacement 74*iF'f?c  
  脱位 luxation *wfkjG  
  半脱位 subluxation 9i#K{CkC|  
  连接不正 malunion lpeo^Y}N  
  青枝骨折 greenstick fracture 'P~6_BW  
  多发性骨折 multiple fracture T 9?! .o  
  病理性骨折 pathological fracture +v'n[xa1v  
  关节间隙 joint space 9 TW  
  椎间隙 intervertebral space  <(-4?"1  
  肋软骨钙化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage ^o*$+DbC  
  骨质软化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis) &b&o];a  
  骨质增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis 5A i$1'*p  
  死骨 sequestrum T89VSB~  
  骨质坏死 bone necrosis f^X\N/  
  关节肿胀(破坏;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint >~^##bIb  
  关节强直 ankyloses :7Q, `W9  
  骨骺分离 epiphyseal separation ~j2=hkS  
  对线良好 good alignment kXbd R  
  对位良好 good apposition 1 +'HKT}  
  七、泌尿系统 urological system ;]^JUmxU[d  
  静脉肾盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP) +bK.{1  
  逆行肾盂造影 retrograde pyelography CVFsp>+  
  萎缩 atrophy >K;'dB/m;1  
  移位 deformity q<cpU'-#  
  扭曲 distortion 3M&75OE  
  充盈缺损 filling defect >, }m=X8  
  狭窄 stricture @*c )  s_  
  不透光的(透光的)结石 opaque(translucent) stone bz? *#S  
  八、X线检查位置 %lU$;cY  
  前后位 anteroposterior projection (8(z42  
  后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection =JnUTc _u  
  侧位 lateral projection (7rG~d1iS  
  立位 upright position f V.(v&  
  斜位 oblique projection ]X)EO49  
  右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection VmB/X))   
  前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection ? I}T[j  
  前凸位 lordotic position projection a; Y9wn  
  轴位 axial position cZ7b$MZ%9  
  头位 cranial projection ]eq3cwR[|  
  尾位 caudal projection ASLRP  
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