1955: Opening day1 _B7+n"t\r
An aerial view of Disneyland in 1956. The entire route of the }~Ir&
Disneyland Railroad is clearly visible as it encircles the c\OLf_Uf
park.Disneyland Park was opened to the public on Monday, 【July 18, %r]V:d+
1955】. However, a special "International Press Preview" event was Yc^,Cj{OM
held on Sunday, July 17, 1955, which was only open to invited guests [:8+ +#KD
and the media. The Special Sunday events, including the dedication, &M7AM"9
were televised nationwide and anchored by three of Walt Disney's !q 9PO
friends from Hollywood: Art Linkletter, Bob Cummings, and Ronald xwojjiV
Reagan. ABC broadcast the event live on its network; at the time, it Rw^X5ByJE
was one of the largest and most complex live broadcasts ever.The event Lum5Va%0
did not go smoothly. The park was overcrowded as the by-invitation- HL%|DCo
only affair was plagued with counterfeit tickets. All major roads up2wkc8
nearby were empty. The temperature was an unusually high 101 °F (38 o]<J&<WM
°C), and a plumbers' strike left many of the park's 【drinking h/]));p
fountains dry】. Disney was given a choice of having working fountains R%"'k<`#
or running toilets and he chose the latter. This, however, generated :
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negative publicity since Pepsi sponsored the park's opening; enraged HjY! ]!4p
guests believed the inoperable fountains were a cynical way to sell K{0 gkORF
soda. The asphalt that had been poured just that morning was so soft "EnxVV
that ladies' high-heeled shoes sank in. Vendors ran out of food. A gas ]QJ7q}
leak in Fantasyland caused Adventureland,Frontierland, and Fantasyland l:*.0Tj
to close for the afternoon. Parents were throwing their children over C?g<P0h
the shoulders of crowds to get them onto rides such as the King Arthur EZ[e
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Carrousel 8;O /x
The park got such bad press for the event day that Walt Disney invited !-4VGt&c,
members of the press back for a private "second day" to experience the 0(Hzh?t_
true Disneyland, after which Walt held a party in the Disneyland Hotel dst!VO:
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for them. Walt and his 1955 executives forever referred to the day as $pauPEe
【"Black Sunday"】. Every year on July 17, cast members wear pin R]0tG
badges stating how many years it has been since July 17, 1955. For x5b .^75p$
example, in 2004 they wore the slogan "The magic began 49 years ago n&8SB'-r
today."But for the first twelve to fifteen years, Disney did m2[J5n?zLL
officially state that opening day was on July 18, including in the gnlU
park's own publications. Disneyland referred to July 17, 1955, as ohi0_mBz
"Dedication Day" in one of its July, 1967, press releases. On Monday 6foiN W+
July 18, crowds started to gather in line as early as 2 a.m., and the t(UdV
first person to buy a ticket and enter the park was David MacPherson uG(XbDZZ1W
with 【admission ticket】 number 2, as Roy O. Disney arranged to pre- P?Kg7m W
purchase ticket number 1. Walt Disney had an official photo taken with !UHX?<3r
two children instead, Christine Vess Watkins (age 5 in 1955) and av~kF
Michael Schwartner (age 7 in 1955), and the photo of the two carries a <(l`zLf4p
deceptive caption along the lines of "Walt Disney with the first two. [= Xb*~
guests of Disneyland." Vess Watkins and Schwartner both received w!OYH1ds]_
【lifetime passes】 to Disneyland that day, and MacPherson was awarded &.JJhX
one shortly thereafter, which was later expanded to every single gUme({h&|
Disney-owned park in the world. 'ql<R0g
W5 y. j: t6 G2 j7 \0 A+ Q! c2 h BOv ^L?)*Z
A Harvard Extension School class at Boylston Hall. Through the 1950s, <4TF ]5
most Extension courses cost $5 each (slightly more than two bushels of R,8Tt!n
wheat). Now any Harvard staff member can take a graduate-level course u24XuSe$
for $40 a semester, making it possible to earn a master’s degree for S7j U:CLJ
$400. It was 1835, and John Lowell Jr., the wealthy young scion of a oWq]\yT<`
prominent Boston family, sat by the Nile River in Luxor, a cradle of 1z_1Hl
Egyptian civilization. Sick with fever, he drafted a long revision to 9r
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his will and mailed it home to a cousin. Months later, Lowell was ysFp$!9Ux
dead.That revamped will included a bequest that has rippled ever wider kNX8y--
across almost two centuries. Most notably, it led to creation of the O$X^
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Harvard Extension School, which is celebrating its centennial year, zm#%]p80f
with the official anniversary in February.8 ]+ Lowell’s idea was 6O" y
simple, but brilliant. Everyday people wanted to learn, he thought, (&M,rW~Qxs
and just needed a forum that allowed them to do so. In the 19th /!U(/
century, that method mostly involved public lectures. In the 20th XpPcQIM*
century, it was usually classroom study, and in the 21st, the trend is v!AfIcEV
toward 【distance learning on the Web】. But what has been true of the u]P9ip"Z
Extension School from its earliest incarnation is its devotion to y:k7eE"
public learning, and its students’ fierce desire to be Eo@rrM:
taught.Evolving far beyond its origins as a lecture series, the o1H6E1$=
Extension School is now a degree-granting institution with 14,000 H%ScrJ#V
students that this year is offering close to 【700】undergraduate and n>,? V3ly
graduate courses across 65 fields, taught by faculty from nine of f'Rq#b@
Harvard’s 10 Schools. The modern Extension School has embraced video &UAYYH
learning and podcasts. One hundred and fifty courses are available $5@[l5cJU;
online, expanding the School’s reach to students in 122 countries. $|VdGRZ1
About 20 percent of its students take courses exclusively online.! k D4*_/,}
! t+ V9Increasingly, said Michael Shinagel, the Extension School’s
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longtime dean, “the lectern is electronic.” Yet it was the forward- ;8cTy8
thinking Lowell, born in 1799 near the dawn of the American republic, f||S?ns_
who launched this thriving Harvard institution. Half of his wealth — wdIJ?\/763
the princely sum, in those days, of $250,000 — in 1839 established @B!gxW\C
the Lowell Institute, the Extension’s precursor. His bequest is a 3bHB$n
trust, active to this day, charged with offering public lectures in %0vWyU:K9
Boston on the arts, sciences, and natural history, to students ;8b!T
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regardless of gender, race, or age. The first Lowell lecture, on $5DlCN
geology, was held in 1840, in an era of rising working-class clamor c`oW-K{
for education. The public’s response was tumultuous, with tickets I(j$
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being distributed amidst near-mob scenes. The institute’s collegiate 8Ep!
“courses” — which were lecture series on a single topic — w,t !<i
sometimes drew 10,000 applicants.By 1898, more than 4,400 free QE721y
lectures and courses had been offered through the Lowell Institute. {gzVbZ#
Around that time, Boston schoolteachers were looking for ways to earn XJ1Bl
a bachelor’s degree at night. The Lowell lectures and the lobbying FLIU}doc
teachers created a perfect storm of sorts, and by 【1910】 University KLjvPT\
Extension at Harvard was founded.Another visionary with the Lowell V/RV,K1/
surname created the modern school. Harvard-educated government scholar PoLk{{l3
A. Lawrence Lowell became trustee of the institute in 1900, and by |3>%(4
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1906 was promoting “systematic courses on subjects of liberal
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education,” as he called them, taught by Harvard faculty.His vision BW ux!
of transforming a lecture program into a school of public education {
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gained traction in 1909 when he was named president of Harvard. His vSo1WS
first step in office was not the curricular reform for which he later D$VRE^k
became famous. (Among other things, Lowell invented the idea of vVSf'w
“concentrations.”) Instead, he 【pressed to create a University tD,I7%|@
Extension】.His desire, according to Shinagel, who has written a new *a-KQw
history of the School called “The Gates Unbarred,” was “to carry v`U;.W
out more completely the idea of John Lowell Jr.” ?
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John Grisham was born on February 2, 1955, in Jonesboro, Arkansas, in Lz!H@)-mr
the USA. His father was a construction worker and moved his family all EXR6Vb,
around the southern states of America, stopping wherever he could find 6#ktw)
e
work. Eventually they settled in Mississippi. Graduating from law Uy?X-"UR
school in 1981, Grisham practiced law for nearly a decade in &w
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Southaven, specializing in criminal defense and personal injury lHE \Z`
litigation (诉讼). In 1983, he was elected to the state House of \y+^r|IL
Representatives and served until 1990.7 i+ V% One day at the Dessoto OF,_6"m
County courthouse, Grisham heard the horrifying testimony of a 12- ;WgzR_'!'
year-old rape victim. He decided to write a novel exploring what would <YrsS-9
have happened if the girl’s father had murdered her attackers. He G/_xn5XDD
proceeded to get up every morning at 5 a.m. to work on the novel, +W8kMuM!
called A Time to Kill, which was published in 1988. Grisham’s next V6B[eV$D
novel, The Firm, was one of the biggest hits of 1991, spending 47 8Nx fYA
weeks on The New York Times bestseller list. Grisham lives with his P G
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wife and two children, dividing their time between their Victorian xpI8QV$#
home on a 67 acre farm in Mississippi and a 204 acre plantation near n6 wx/:
Charlottesville, Virginia.When he’s not writing, Grisham devotes time E:[!)UG|y
to charitable causes, including mission trips with his church group. !E,|EdIr
As a child he dreamt of becoming a professional baseball player, and n*TKzn4E
now serves as the local Little League commissioner. He has built six O{Q+<fBC9
ballfields on his property and hosts children from 26Little League -b34Wz(
teams. 4L r,}tA
47. What inspired Grisham to write his first novel? vzF6e eaD
A. A case of murder. 5@n|uJA
B. A case of rape u++a0>N
C. His father’s experience +~7[T/v+n
D. His life on the farm =FMrVE
49. Which of the following is NOT true of the novel The Firm ? mq4VwT
.It was popular at the time of publication 6U,:J'5gP
It earned Grisham great fame. !/1~
C. It brought Grisham wealth y^ D3}ds
D. It was carried by The New York Times as a series.3 y3 i6 L' Z& x. WGo ryvEx
S! H) W ?OGs+G
50. It can be inferred from the passage that Grisham has built Z/:W.*u
ballfields on his property ________. ^P`I"T
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答案应该为 C. to see his childhood dream being realized in the waG
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children N9vNSmm
My surprise over the past few winters has been the personality )ri'W
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transformation my parents go through around mid-December as they ]SN5&S
change from Dad and Mom into Grandpa and Grandma. Yes, they become 2\gbciJ[{(
grandparents and are completely different from the people I know the swMR+F#u*
other eleven and a half months of the yearThe first sign of my parents ^}kYJvqA
’ change is the delight they take in visiting toy and children’s Vkqfs4 t
clothing stores. These two people, who usually dislike anything having aw7pr464
to do with shopping malls, become crazy consumers. While they tell me $>Gf;k
to budget my money and shop wisely, they are buying up every doll and ;
cb='s
dump truck in sight. And this is only the beginning of the holidays
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When my brother’s children arrive, Grandpa and Grandma come into full [Uj,, y.wB
form. First they throw out all ideas about a balanced diet for the N8!e(YK_
grandkids. While we were raised in a house where everyone had to take syb$%
two bites of corn, beets(甜菜), or liver (foods that appeared quite p4K
8L'nZ
often on our table despite constant complaining), the grandchildren |+=ctpx9&
never have to eat anything that does not appeal to them. Grandma (unJwh{7Q
carries chocolate in her pockets to bribe(贿赂)the littlest ones into D~TK'&