独立主格、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、主谓一致、倒装
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独立主格特征 &~ *.CQa
1. 充当句子的状语。 5;m RGY
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。
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3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 &v kjmiAS
4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词） i@5 )` <?
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. r<c #nD~K
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. @'i+ff\
c) he entered the room, with his hands open（holding a rifle). <~{du ?4n
真题剖析 5qbq ,#Pf
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. uvnI>gv
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because S8" f]5s
练习：Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. Z/<#n\>t0>
8. A. is B. having C. being D. be
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虚拟语气 #y 1Bx,
虚拟语气（2） V}"
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1. （should）+动词原形 0{+.H_f`
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 / =)
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 a460 |w6
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 WC*=rWRxF
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 gEw d &J
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 4^*,jS-9g}
would rather +动词过去式 &|9.}Z 8U
真题剖析 T95t"g?p
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … dNiH|-$an
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t bgF^(T35
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. 'yY>as
53. A. ordered B. pleaded C. decided D. demanded Ez+Z[*C
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. "Sridh?
15. A. took B. would take C. will take D. should take X g7|JS!
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
