独立主格、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、主谓一致、倒装 s(-$|f+s
独立主格特征 zK?[6n89f
1. 充当句子的状语。 ONg_3vD{
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 7N 7W0Ky
3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 `N;JM3 ck
4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词） ;=aj)lemCr
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. [/\}:#MLe
b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. J&2cf#
c) he entered the room, with his hands open（holding a rifle). ?$%#y u#.
真题剖析 L `3x0u2
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. 5@6F8:x }V
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because sBt,y _LW
练习：Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. gM&XVhQJ\
8. A. is B. having C. being D. be yO.q{|kX
虚拟语气
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虚拟语气（2）
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1. （should）+动词原形 !UD TNF?1
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句
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It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 16Cd0[h?
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 XOsuRI ?
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 ? )X 0l
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 "
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would rather +动词过去式 ;2*hN (
真题剖析 {el[W,CT#
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … Y?IvG&])
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t }xJ ) .D
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. Qa>t$`o`
53. A. ordered B. pleaded C. decided D. demanded >
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练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. m?GBvL$
15. A. took B. would take C. will take D. should take E?v:7p<
(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
