独立主格、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、主谓一致、倒装 u
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独立主格特征 hP?fMW$V
1. 充当句子的状语。 O0~vf[i];
2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 q?{}3 dPC
3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 hAR?
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4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词） V*n==Nb5L
例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. U
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b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. o.:p_(|hI
c) he entered the room, with his hands open（holding a rifle). H>7dND 2;
真题剖析 ,krS-.
(1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. [5ethM
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because I@7/jUO
练习：Do what you need to do to keep the wolf __7__ from the door, the world __8__ your thesis adviser, team leader, or laboratory director. Then use the rest of your time, perhaps at night or on the weekends, to do __9__ you really want to do. wvc>0?t '
8. A. is B. having C. being D. be e=f .y<
虚拟语气 "ORzWnE4U
虚拟语气（2） kl7A^0Qrz
1. （should）+动词原形 )@7DsV/M
It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 M-9gD[m
It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 !e8i /!}^S
It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 0Oxz3r%} r
部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 >q( 5ir
2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 `| 9K u
would rather +动词过去式 QX Q
真题剖析 UVX"fZ)
(1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … g'lT
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t H~9=&p[ Q
(1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. : }?{@#Z
53. A. ordered B. pleaded C. decided D. demanded " ~$$
练习：Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time that we__15__ this message to heart. cH"@d^"+q|
15. A. took B. would take C. will take D. should take 'V!kL,
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(2003.3) It is edifying, and it is a source of inner satisfaction even __54__ other facets of life prove disappointing.
