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楼主  发表于: 2009-12-16   

考博基础词汇 笔记

考博基础词汇 笔记 %r!-*p<i|  
*HUqW}_r  
#:X :~T  
4i\n1RW  
Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. YrX{,YtiX  
ban  abolish  abort  cancel  cross out   wipe out   put off  delay   J=Z"sU=  
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart  / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up H3b`)k sFr  
qIl@,8T  
abide We have to abide by the rules of the game.  (abide  observe  discover  adapt ) {$JIR}4S  
Her fame will abide for sure.  Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay |gNOv;l  
     G4~J+5m k  
3zkq'lZ  
You have to keep ______ with the times.   Qoc-ZC"<6  
Abreast/up  catch up with  go along with  fit in with wrWWXOZ 4  
/T0|<r!c  
absorb  He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. tBt\&{=|D  
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with !|]%^G  
B7 T+a  
Abundant/rich  The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game kE1u-EA  
[F e5a  
access  In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. wcO_;1_ H  
Way/approach/solution/answer/ H"sey +-  
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand _F$?Z  
5E]I  
His words are never in _____ with his deeds.  (situation   accordance   according   fit) gBN;j  
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore.      in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform  to/be in proportion to 2gi`^%#k]  
5u8 YHv  
account  He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently :?zOLw?(  
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind p ^Ruf?>  
Give us an account of what happened.  Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement |o`TRq s  
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe  tell  relate  answer for  say  explain   explicate) Z^b1i`v  
|&7l*j(\  
acquire   to acquire a good knowledge of English.  Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure Tg[+K+b  
+=*ZH `qX  
active  He is very active in politics.   FXIQS'  
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic UGIyNMY  
TMbj]Mso  
adapt  To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. =2< >dM#`  
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit 0h* AtZv_  
Bb m1&d#  
accustom  She is ______to living in comfort.  (accustomed/used   addict  be familiar with) n-uoY<;hp  
 {sbQf7)  
admit  It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.   ZT!DTb B  
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) P9gIKOOx#4  
\S _ycn  
adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. ~R3@GaL1  
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample | iU#!+zY  
xGN&RjPk\  
advantage  The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. mI-$4st]  
Benefit/gain/upper hand     interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns /S%{`F=  
Go8 m  
Aim  His aim is to win the game.   PXWBc\  
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination cl[rgj  
yqZKn=1:  
Amass  He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.   sRqFsj}3e  
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up <a; <|Fm.  
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang rF'q\tJDz  
Figure/digit/measure }Til $TT%H  
ambitious  These young men were ambitious for success and money. UH2fP G  
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon ,iV|^]X3$/  
dL!PpLR$2  
amount  His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.   C0J/FFBQ^  
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up   "{Lp'+wNw  
l!5fuB8  
The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. &c%;Lo  
sum/measure/quantity/price/value O8qA2@,  
Dn1aaN6  
angle  Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect R1)v;^B|)  
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment 0e-M 24,C  
theory/outlook i|2CZ  
9l<f?OzAO  
announce  He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. 06X4mu{  
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known _HjS!(lMk  
m`_s_#  
anticipate  A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. /{il;/Vj  
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for -k(bM:  
 $I}7EI  
anything  The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all ^N# z&oh  
l7vU{Fd-h^  
The apparent things might not tell of the truth. _!_%Afz  
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain \+3amkBe  
.Aj4?AXWc  
apart  Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.   O7,)#{  
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. ]fiAV|'^  
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition N #C,q&;  
AXN%b2  
He was appointed member of the committee. 3Q;XvrGA  
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for A*b>@>2  
\+,%RN.  
appeal  I appeal to him for help.  implore/plead/beg 4 s&9A/&pC  
s\/$`fuhx  
apply  Please apply to the secretary for further information. h_*!cuH  
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. %0 &c0vT  
LKX; ^  
approve  Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove D^dos`L0b  
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of 4C]>{osv  
7gxC xfL$  
arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. xZ84q'i"  
Rise raise rouse arouse arise E'KKR1t  
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up CQ;.}=j ,  
;nx? 4f+6h  
artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. <4Ev3z*;Z  
N$I@]PL  
ashamed /shameful   embarrassed/embarrassing  frustrated/frustrating  humiliated/humiliating K3*8-Be  
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. _@] uHp|  
3{/[gX9  
acquaint  I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. v$JhC'  
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate   a Byetc88/  
LFwRTY,G  
I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. ,'}qLor  
Assume  think  suppose  presume  suspect  understand  take for granted   6C@W6DR3N  
u#bd*(  
assure  I can assure you of my support.   rfH'&k  
confirm  assure   ensure   insure  convince  guarantee  pledge  promise   hO?RsYJ.F  
%G43g#pD  
You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. d&G#3}kOb%  
Attain  gain  accomplish  finish  fulfill  realize   complete ,Nk{AiiN  
_$vAitUe4S  
attribute  Jim attributes his success to hard work.  owe  ascribe   I&Dp~aEM]  
$C^tZFq  
avoid  You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. 3*<?'O7I0  
Avoid  shun  escape  evade  keep away from   |%HTBF  
6 {j}Z*)m  
The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. 9vL n#_  
Bar prohibit  exclude  forbid  shut out  block   obstruct + r<d z  
~k[mowz0  
bargain  The dress is quite a bargain.  bargain  sale   Xe. az  
p*ic@n*G  
basis  On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. xp68-&  
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. +#@)C?G,TF  
ground   foundation y7Sey;  
}:zTz% _K  
Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.   xZc].l6  
As soon as  before   the second   the minute  the moment   =_)yV0  
RASPOc/]   
You can’t blame all this on me. l.3|0lopX)  
He is the last one to blame for the accident. At$[&%}  
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn W^"C|4G}  
EgB$y"fs  
board  He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging.  food /meals Z#znA4;)  
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team qS?uMms7w  
8H@]v@Z2  
boast  You should not boast of your success. Brag show off SDHJX8Hq  
DU|>zO%  
boom  Production boomed. @ CNe)&U  
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper Mv_-JE9#>o  
}[mLtv%&  
brief  It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No".  short _/[}PQC6G  
:N#8|;J1Fl  
We are bound for London.   Head  make   F!qt=)V@w  
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.   Likely  going to /{%p%Q[X  
There are no bounds to his ambition.  Limit confine restriction L&LAh&%{2  
5lrjM^E|  
call  This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action.   (calls in calls at calls on calls for) ?,  m_q+  
They have called off their engagement. 1Rd2Xb  
ArVW2gL  
She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. PUbfQg  
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful o>75s#= b=  
PTP0 _|K  
We should not doubt his capability. G}LOQ7  
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency JsK_q9]$e  
BK)3b6L=%  
Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. EV[ BB;eb  
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation ]QSQr *  
,{Ga7rH*   
There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. =<[M$"S7d6  
Carry on  go on  keep on  continue  work on  be under way  be in process }ki6(_  
o7kQ&w   
case  In any case I shall return in a day or two.  If even if  for fear  on condition 3DOc,}nI~@  
'b:UafV  
center  She centered her attention on the problem. 2Kz407|'  
Focus  concentrate  fix   on.m '-s  
4|h>.^  
charge The charge against him was severe. hh8U/dVk*  
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment M,sZ8eeq  
%@^9(xTE  
Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. q'KXn0IY#  
flexible   changeable   changing   3B5 `Y  
8d[!"lL  
If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. /E^j }H{  
Selection/preference/option/alternative p+}eP|N  
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. /NUu^ N  
{nH*Wu*^  
cling  She clung to the hope that he was still alive.   n0b{Jg *  
Stick  adhere    hold  grasp \4Z"s[8}  
>K*TgG6!X  
close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. "O<TNSbrC  
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. d=/a{lP\  
kk ZMoK  
A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. x }i'2   
Tip  information  news  wind  message  clue  evidence  sign  proof  key qb KcI+)47  
\ mg  
combine  Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.   7l3Dx w/N  
blend  mix   mingle  fuse  unite  couple  join O4T_p=Xc  
!Q{~f;L  
comment  I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet.  Remark   `q+ Ug  
criticism  judgment  decision  evaluation  criterion  standard   remark   oB%j3aAH  
$o^N_`l  
commit  I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is.   Devote  dedicate   p Xf5/u8&  
"tz`@3,5dN  
Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better.  Contrast Q#}c5TjVr  
Poets have compared sleep to death. Vc&xXtm[v  
She is lovely beyond compare. c1h? aP  
comparison  This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. %i @Jw  
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. fX}dQN~z  
Comparable/comparative 0b+End#mp  
2x:aMWh  
compel  We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. \"l/D?+Q  
Force  oblige  urge  require  drive  press  work hard on   push  prompt V?4G~~F  
nACKSsWqI  
He has formed a good habit. `:5W1D(  
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build ]-g4C t_V  
Assemble/manufacture/produce L%fJH_$_s  
g BV66L  
Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses.  Required fe7DS)U  
Uc5BNk7<=  
compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. $GX9-^og=T  
Consist of/ be made up of  / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise 2IFEl-IB[  
RhI>Ak;-  
comprehensive /Comprehensible C%;J9(r  
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.   X XC(R  
RyZy2^0<  
conscious  She was not conscious of his presence in the room.   Aware ZvkBF9d  
,Cj` 0v#  
Considerate/considerable  It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. g:fzf>oQ>p  
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic %<;PEQQ|C  
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful ,B$m8wlI|  
ZqJyuTPv  
contend  I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. eC*-/$D  
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel 'Y:ZWac,  
*)um^O  
Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. 4'U #<8  
continuously vs continually KU)~p"0[6]  
TW~9<c  
convey  Words cannot convey how delighted I am.   express Qj(|uGqm3  
cj9<!"6  
cope  Poor Mary!  She has so much to cope with.   nZ~J &QK-  
deal with  live with  be put up with  tolerate  endure   bear   stand   be fed up with   z*OQ4_  
(" ulL5  
correspond   0v'FE35~s  
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. 2^T`> ?{X  
ad'C&^o5  
count   Her opinion counts because of her experience.   br_D Orq|  
Matter  be of importance  significant @#KZ2^  
Q:sw*7"F  
Don’t count on a salary increase this year. K9+%rqC.|`  
believe  depended  count   confide  rely  depend  bank 2JS&zF  
<R @w0b>  
critical  If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.   ?(P3ZTk?.  
Crucial  urgent  pressing  decisive >(39K  
Ironic  faultfinding  picky  fastidious   sarcastic ds D!)$  
Hv.n O-c  
cure  This medicine should cure you of your cold. DSc:>G  
Remind  relieve  inform  deprive  rob   break   ELqpIXq#  
X!ad~bt  
It is not my custom to give in. |*-&x:p7O  
Custom  habit  use  practice  manner  way  pattern  tendency  fashion  routine  nature QocR)aN=+  
6N {|;R@2  
The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. 95^A !  
destruction damage  harm  ruin  injury  bruise  impact  spoil  wrong pain agony distress uf<nVdC.  
grieve  hurt  impair  abuse  plague  epidemic              debris/trash/junk/rubbish y?*4SLy  
d1=fA%pJ  
decline  Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.   j`pX2S  
Diminish  decrease  fall  drop  dip  sink  reduce M5>cYVG  
=w <;tb  
deep   They dived deep into the ocean. \c.MIDp"  
She was deeply interested in classical music. -VVJf5/  
.PJCBT e  
degree  She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent -"Hy%wE  
J5 2- qR/  
deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. ,U^V]jC  
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over B8sc;Z.  
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. k-N` h  
Demand/require/call for oe*Y(T\G  
W|e$@u9  
deny  They denied her the opportunity to see her father. b6y/o48  
refuse     decline   rejects  turn down   _bm8m4Lk  
AV%t<fDG#  
die  She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. f7_EqS=(  
The storms are dying down. Td"_To@jd  
The noise of the car died away in the distance. jj$D6f/mOG  
The members of the family had all died off. ZIo%(IT!c  
This species has died out. 6mAaFDI,R  
>/5'0n_R  
Can you describe what he looks like? y6C3u5`  
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell 5U!yc7eBI/  
$63_* 9  
They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. ta'{S=^j  
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious @W+m;4HH  
:,'yHVG\  
She was in his eyes a devoted mother. BhcTPQsW  
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous z&a>cjt_;  
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. 3{*nG'@Mal  
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ K#>@T<  
throw away/cast off/get rid of b|'{f?  
T4lE-g2%M  
display  We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. lc qpwSk  
Her writings display natural talents.   9H6%\#rw  
Exhibit  show  indicate  specify  illustrate  demonstrate  expose  present p}:"@6  
   ]b6gZ<  
distinct  Mice are distinct form rats. iu9<]1k  
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar N" =$S|Gs  
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. h:3^FV&#  
Characteristic  explicit  definite  candid   unmistakable  expressive   direct n&N>$c,T27  
8EBy5X}US  
The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. Q]7}" B&  
distinguish  tell  separate  divide   (aTpBXGr=  
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. 6Ex 16  
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized Rxfhk,I  
/prominent/important/superior 8[\ ~}Q6  
GJo`9  
In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. *< ?~  
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold k0^t$J W  
vZJu =t  
diverse  There are people from diverse cultures at the party.  different  various  comprehensive d"U'\ID2y  
dZIruZ)x  
He refused to disclose his name and address. g* DBW,  
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray ^ EF VjGM  
iQ#dWxw4  
They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. W'3~vQF  
The train drew in/into the station.  pull [MI?  
draw  pull  drag  push  heave  lift  haul   ';iLk[  
draw  crawl  creep  linger on  drag  near  be oncoming/ongoing W%_Cda5,  
D wtvtglqV  
She drove her car into the forest. jk9/EmV*r  
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride m&{%6  
%XiF7<A &  
Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best.  Vs encourage =Yt)b/0b9  
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop V:*6R/Ft  
[\,Jy8 t)\  
The shoes are expensive but durable. q)QM+4  
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong 9~ r YLR(v  
Q8?:L<A  
It is your duty to go. ;tG@ 6  
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role m>&:)K}m  
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort JS#AoPWA  
;!Q}g19C  
He is living an easy life now.   comfortable V PaW-o  
Su*f`~G];  
It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. bv9nDNPD4  
economic/economical/economy , ]H2F']4Z  
   s MNhD/bb  
He went to a very good elementary school. ?CSv;:  
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive kH">(f  
z 8 y.@<6  
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. UtYwG#/w  
The acid has no effect on the metal. 7 DW_G  
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. @;`d\lQ  
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. =)IV^6~b  
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. [/GCy0jk  
effect  force  power  practice   N"-U)d-.  
"fOxS\ er  
She encouraged him to take this examination. aK5O 0`  
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire #iVr @|,  
.~7:o.BE`n  
end  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. ~fY\;  
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. H C(7,3  
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. ='Fh^]*5  
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. a_U[!`/ w  
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. L7PM am  
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. F42?h:y8I  
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. fX{Xw0  
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. EWK?vs  
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. 8[L]w^  
"5b4fQ ;x  
He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. nXAGwU8a  
entitle  qualify  authorize   enable   sanction  empower \ fSo9$  
%6cbHH  
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. O6$n VpD3  
equip  provide wOn*QO[  
Z }yd` 7  
They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company.  inclusive (o518fmR  
I]6,hygs  
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. 8c5=Px2\  
exert  practice  exercise  impose  avail ~*hCTqH vN  
J!d=aGY0-  
He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. ",P?jgs^g5  
Existing  living  contemporary  lately—later---late---latter  current  recent   YYF.0G}  
K96N{"{iI%  
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.  live   face   come sGO+O$J  
bA\(oD+:  
Devotion is essential for work. k%?qN,Cl  
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable MN[D)RKh;  
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent / 5y _ <  
Yd]  
Nothing is everlasting. z LZ HVvL3  
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good oQK,#>rv  
TFDzTD  
The bird extended its wings in flight. l._g[qa  
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify yi*EE%  
cK \'D  
Her nose is a very attractive feature. N9 TM  
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark OlX#1W]  
e, }{$HStZ  
Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? uTNy{RBD+  
In the favor \ 0.!al0  
The international situation is favorable to us.  Advantageous =\)76xC20  
ubQr[/   
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. L'O=;C"f  
Tension Excitement  Fear Nervousness  fuss  ado  chaos  confusion  turmoil  riot V$bq|r  
sN ZOm$  
After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. "qoJIwl#q  
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. ='6@^6y  
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. \_MWZRMc5  
wavers    vibrates    swings  fluctuates   hesitates   quakes  trembles  shudders }ISR +./+  
.F3~eas  
There are fine distinctions between the two. `KUL 4) g~  
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant !'Ww%ZL\   
.&.L@CRH  
Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. -qG7,t  
Understand   comprehend   catch on   get   \6!s";=hQ  
\O )u' Bu  
He gave a gift for my birthday. tR(L>ZG{  
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out g{JH5IZ~  
/hand out/turn in dTqL[?wH?  
Y#FSU# a$<  
He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. gB0Q0d3\G,  
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent T#a6X;9P  
9#a/at]  
They grouped together in fours. 0OBw e6*  
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate Ni#y=cb  
SDO~g~NTp  
When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him.  Hang  loaf  loiter   aZ}z/.b]  
J7k=5Fqej;  
hit  She hit on a good title for her new novel.  Come across W3&~[DS@~  
Her new film is quite a hit. success h([qq<Lzs  
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor.  Affect yppXecFJ  
0$|wj^?U  
hold  She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. `tm(3pJ  
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. cBU@853  
She always holds to her convictions. 9HAK  
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. Z$S0X $q}  
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. .&/A!3pW  
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. Pcr;+'q  
A. held on      B. held back      C. held out     D. held up w^/"j_p@  
CN7q qd  
identical  This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week.  the same as }te dh  
>k(AQW5?  
If only I were rich!   HK<oNr.d52  
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. >Yfo $S_  
k_1o j[O  
Immoral vs amoral ~PCS_  
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. / !A&z4;D  
&XSe&1  
It was he that initiated this project. 'Y5=A!*@tf  
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice =4 W jb  
rE\.[mFI  
Incentive  The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. 6 i]B8Ziq{  
(excitement   initiative   motive   entertainment) qFjnuQ,w  
8C2!Wwz`J8  
We are in for trouble. 2|LkCu)~,"  
He know the ins and outs of the problem. ^X slj  
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. e6^iakSd.L  
S;S_<GX  
A good teacher should be impartial to his students. }ABHGr5[  
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched  unconcerned indifferent +IfU 5&5<  
GK:pt8=  
This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. )"<:Md$7  
inferior  superior  senior  junior  similar  prior y?{YQ)fj  
!6d`e"\K  
The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. MIwkFI8  
intellect  insight   perception   understanding  comprehension  wisdom  intuition k'+Mc%pg4E  
h`/1JjP  
No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. ZNG{:5u,  
intangible  invisible ,]-A~^|  
)NS& 1$  
interfere /intervene  If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. > v ]-B"Y  
QsH Fk5)  
He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. qluaop  
testified   witnessed   justified  identified  notify  specify -pm^k-%v  
z[ ml;?  
keep  I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself. "+J[7p}`@  
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. 3L(vZ2&  
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. n:[GK_  
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it.  (to  /    up  on) Se %"C&  
Keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/uphold/bear/posess N b@zn0A(;  
T)PH 8 "  
They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. 4E DwZR>./  
Want/be in need/ fall short DG"Z:^`*  
p-o!K\o-1  
large  The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 'w5g s}1D  
By and large, the company has been good to me. +=A53V[C  
*(sFr E  
This is law and you can’t change as you wish. g}=opw6z  
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute s>^$: wzu  
* >XmJ6w  
She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. 4w5mn6MxR  
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement  G(1y_t  
2{o eJ  
She is the one that laid out the town.  rVo?I  
He was laid off for his ill performance.  9> k-";  
+Tw]u`  
liable likely probable    liable responsible accountable answerable eDPmUlC+-  
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. 5<y pK`Kq  
VU[4 W8f  
She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. 1]<w ZV}.  
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of ;<=B I!  
z3:tSjF  
The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium. wJQ"|  
alive   live   life    lively   living   lovely u`2[V4=L  
(n,!v )  
I am not sure of the exact location of the café. !w9w{dtW=  
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation 8#MiM . f  
BL^8gtdn  
Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease. c$>$2[*=  
\Y{^Q7!>:8  
The mansion was splendid. eQRY xx{  
Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful +$F_7Hx  
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous _s_%}8o  
yfd$T}WW6  
I can’t make out what she wants. _26<}&]b*  
The ship made for the open sea. sX~ `Vn&  
What are we to make of his behavior? /bd1Bi  
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life. 7O,y%NW aK  
He has made it up with her. };:+0k/  
o=1M<dL  
A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.   jxU z-U -  
Mentioned  quoted   referred to   Nn_n@K  
2V 1|b`b#4  
mood  I am not in the ______ for joking.  sentiment  emotion  mood  feeling  sentimentality sensation  sense  sensitivity   }? W[D  
cq=ker zQ  
nerve  My children are always getting on my nerves. b5MCOW1+  
 J(  
Can you really afford this amount? &C.{7ZNt  
Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion ;e>pu"#  
A (large) number of problems have arisen. a}Dx"zl;  
The number of books stolen from the library is large. TA.ugF)h  
The marks were below average. \D9J!K82  
Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual ]}wo$7pO  
9Dq^x&z(  
The method is ok; the problem is the procedure. }W:Rg}v  
Method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/scheme/design/ ^*{:;F@  
{!lC$SlJ  
The mutual benefit.  Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint B~[QmK  
6z6\-45  
observe  You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.   <Be:fnPX7  
Abide by/follow/obey/comply with   yBJf'-K  
7wivu*0  
occur  Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from each other in many ways? E^)>9f7  
\i*QKV<  
We can afford to overlook these minor offenses. W:s>?(6?  
Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over y_>l'{w3^  
M@k8;_5  
own  Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own? CNo'qlvF5N  
He’d like a car of his own. Y ]xFe>  
Nobody owned up to the theft. %j.B/U$  
gQ < >S  
This is a painstaking effort.  Careful ma +iIt;  
Bb,l.w  
They walked the path every morning. N(6Q`zs  
Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip h U3!  
d@$]/=%  
peculiar  That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the country. SBf8Ipe  
distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular     ` XvuyH  
]^ e4coC  
The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes. c#ahFpsnlw  
income    revenue   fund   payment  wages  finance  budget  expenditure   $ $=N'Q  
'`)r< lYN,  
persist  It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he will get angry with you. $QNII+o  
!Ojf9 6is  
I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor. 'lsG?  
pleasing    pleasant    grateful    thankful   pleased   gracious  generous sp-){k  
!`A]YcQ  
point   She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in. kBRy(?Mft&  
As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once. z0jF.ub  
There's no point in arguing further. F> H5 ww9E  
He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. <o aVI?  
It is very rude to point at people in the street. h1(GzL%i_  
If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles? ~+~^c|  
popular  populous  populated   yP~O C|Z  
A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. U2DE zr  
>O z~j>jL  
The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby. M>yt\qbkA  
courage  calmness  presence  bravery  boldness  will mu>L9Z~(L_  
ev LZ<|  
preside  The chairman presided  at/over the meeting last Friday. ;bMmJ>[l-  
sN8)p%'Lg  
Virtue will prevail over evil. 9i?Q=Vuc~<  
prevail  triumph  win   .szc-r{  
Q+ogVvMq>  
In private/ in secret / in person u&Lp  
Matters like this are best discussed in private. 3c|u2Pl  
Q2 S!}A  
They are privileged people in the society. :W6R]y  
Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor ,QZNH?Cp/  
Q$B\)9`v[  
She gave him a prompt reply.   d>YX18'<Q  
quick  rapid  fast  prompt  punctual instant  immediate  ready *$Tz g!/  
U'Mxf'q  
The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation  promises future  prospects) O~bJ<O=?  
"P9SW?',  
provided   on condition   save  unless  given  suppose   say   Dx*tolF  
I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid. S4!}7NOh  
c) q'" r  
put  She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement. ?Dn 6  
They decided to put aside their differences. ~ ~U,  
She help her put the toys away. DFvj  
She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform. f$I$A(0P  
We had to put off our wedding until September. |k [ hk  
We can put you up for the night. dZ;rn!dg>  
I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her. 9'I$8Su  
*3s,~<''%  
Racial problems exist in everyday life. (V:)`A_-  
Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture \O G`+"|L  
{u@w^ hZ$  
range  scope  extent  His speech ranged over a number of topics. Hr}pO"%  
Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere &$<7]a\dM  
reach  All these were within the reach of the ordinary men. QKt+Orz  
Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children. {I p)%uR  
He reached for his gun. D]B;5f  
^QbaMX  
Her requirements are reasonable. LPK[ ^  
Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justifiable ?<h|Q~JH  
My favorite recreation is chess. Ks FkC=  
Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/fun gVU&Yl~/^  
AiOz1Er  
They had to seed refuge from the storm. aX,ux9#  
Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection nA 5-P}  
!^_G~`r$2J  
I have registered for the English course. y _A7CG"^  
Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form rwCjNky!  
u(bPdf@kz  
receive  accept NUb:5tL  
I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency. 6,:`esl  
3oE3bBj  
red  black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red. [>xGynU0  
F]k$O$)0  
regard  Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the position of some other object or objects. = }6l.9  
I have little information as regards his past. O({vHqN>  
She said nothing regarding your request. W y%'<f  
Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family. FEq R7  
Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards. oMer+=vH  
They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the people. n3LCQ:]T f  
(attention  regard  intention  stress) /m+q!yi &  
50 J"cGs~  
relevant  His age isn't relevant to whether he is a good teacher. itmQH\9 8  
~n $e  
Reluctant  Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.  Unwilling q"%;),@  
$IB>a  
remedy  The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy's illness. wU= @,K  
Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct 8 ?+t+m[  
]'a9>o  
respect  With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter. n gC|BLT%h  
Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about +""8aA  
Tl ?]K  
In this respect the film is a failure. a|\ZC\(xI  
respectful   respective   respectable  respected d,0Yi u.p  
Teams of rescue have been sent out ____ to look for the missing members of the crew. 5 LZ+~!2+  
q>X%MN y  
His limp is the result of an accident. BHW8zY=F  
Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion SKf[&eP,G  
9G'Q3? z  
risk  He saved my life at the risk of losing his own. WV'FW)%  
He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. i C nWb  
The future of the whole company is at risk. +R_w- NI  
Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose :"aCl~cy9g  
%TA3o71  
They rose up against foreign invaders. .CL\``  
Rebel  revolt   riot   1x^(vn#=  
[foZO&+!  
I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted. 5r:SBt|/  
I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week. 0O,l rF0'  
We are running out of time. _"PT O&E  
[8VB"{{&  
He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years. .cQ<F4)!tu  
Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/order/instruct [kyF|3k~  
Guide/influence/handle/regulate f3+@u2Pv  
)k.[Ve  
scale  Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale. GB(o)I#h  
scratch  He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again from scratch. wPn#>\/L  
|8$x  
I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended. !`k{Ga  
We all went to the airport to see her off. McgTTM;E  
Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister. 4*4s{twG  
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting? T<|B1jA  
[lqwzW{(UN  
I must set about packing now. ,OX(z=i_  
Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. gp:,DC?(  
Let’s set aside my personal feelings. ?q(7avS9  
She set out/forth at dawn. #ra~Yb-F  
He is set on going to university. *7C t#GC  
Tw < N  
settle   You should settle your affairs before you leave. uoYG@L2  
When are you going to marry and settle down. L\Uf+d:&}G  
Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend Vf#X[$pc/  
8F(lW)An  
short  All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations. r^ mP'#  
Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt. V]cD^Fqp  
Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. .(O FYK<  
He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their education. IcMfZ {H1  
His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. ?GPTJ#=j=]  
The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron. 8<C u S  
The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. 5A,@$yp+  
=B g  
spirit  The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. Y<0;;tVf4U  
I went back and found them in high/low spirits. *2ZX*w37  
&FF%VUfQJ  
stock  The sugar is out of stock. oa(R,{_*q  
fr$E'+l)  
They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation. #Hl0>"k ,  
We are subject to the law of the land. nFU'DZ  
Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme /EF0~iy  
G. Z:00x  
sympathize  We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent. @:u>  
sympathy  Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point. =e2|:Ba!  
Umx~!YL!  
attraction     temptation o2  
As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered. RKoM49W  
Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce od=%8z  
fYrC;&n  
thought  On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you. #=mLQSiQ  
Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid. (}ObX!,  
trace  Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident. h"Qp e'D}  
trade   he traded in his car for a new model. cPD&xVwq>  
#-5.G>8  
He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money. nBw4YDR!  
trick   deceive   cheat  betray  fool   coa+@g,w7#  
G?`{OW3:_  
what he said is true. {nvF>  
True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate oYOR%'0*m+  
cP#vzFB0>  
turn  We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out by turns. {k BHZ$/  
He picked up all the books in turn and examined them. +9LIpU&5  
I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out. .[mI9dc  
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings. }7?n\I+n"  
He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times. {A<pb{<u  
We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. yN-o?[o  
He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. Qy0Zj$,Z  
(turned in  turned down  turned out   turned to) `"@Pr,L   
*CtWDUxSdW  
I don’t think she is the artistic type. CMu/n]?c  
Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character ZC7ZlL _  
}EJAC*W,  
Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion. b}&2j3-n,  
Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last Dk ^,iY(u  
:8( "n1^  
Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn. RaT.%:CRm  
Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit ;@5N  
p.%lE! v  
This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine what they joked about.  ( virtually   virtuously   virtual    actual) )By #({O  
Nw3K@ Ge  
By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? F7!q18ew  
In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice. PxAUsY  
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well. {7F?30: ]  
We must not give way to their demands. [B_(,/?  
You can’t have everything your own way. %f-Uwq&}Y"  
He has done nothing out the way yet. \I-bZ|^  
The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river.  ( gave way  gave to  gave in  gave up) F/ si =%  
PI-o)U$Ehv  
We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on this project.
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