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考博基础词汇 笔记

考博基础词汇 笔记 &cwN&XBY  
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Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. ]A%~bQ7  
ban  abolish  abort  cancel  cross out   wipe out   put off  delay   Z"$iB-]  
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart  / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up Wg,7k9I  
.q1y)l-^Z  
abide We have to abide by the rules of the game.  (abide  observe  discover  adapt ) a(X V~o  
Her fame will abide for sure.  Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay U9jdb9 |  
     (__$YQ-  
6-FM<@H{  
You have to keep ______ with the times.   Iw?*y.z|  
Abreast/up  catch up with  go along with  fit in with  \>||  
3)I]bui  
absorb  He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. 29 cx(  
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with 5p6/dlN-a  
o`G6!  
Abundant/rich  The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game q;*'V9#  
"Mz#1Laby`  
access  In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. IwRP,MQ~  
Way/approach/solution/answer/ A1r%cs  
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand K+"3He  
N3N~z1x0h  
His words are never in _____ with his deeds.  (situation   accordance   according   fit) Mdq|: ^px  
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore.      in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform  to/be in proportion to P^!g0K  
w 62m}5eA  
account  He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently (H"{r  
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind yEk|(6+^  
Give us an account of what happened.  Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement B!&y>Z^$  
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe  tell  relate  answer for  say  explain   explicate) l(Dr@LB~  
g rCQ#3K*?  
acquire   to acquire a good knowledge of English.  Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure ;K~=? k  
h(R7y@mp\0  
active  He is very active in politics.   HEAW](s  
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic x)Zb:"  
?zQW9e  
adapt  To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. K\xnQeS<W  
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit m.!LL]]  
/KNR;n'  
accustom  She is ______to living in comfort.  (accustomed/used   addict  be familiar with) &-{%G=5~e%  
6212*Z_Af  
admit  It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.   l0;u$  
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) E_I-.o|  
g],]l'7H  
adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. V8nQ/9R;  
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample {to(?`Y  
+nHr+7 }  
advantage  The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. ah f,- ?S  
Benefit/gain/upper hand     interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns xQU//kNL  
H C,5j)1  
Aim  His aim is to win the game.   4n@>gW  
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination )P?Fni}  
%rJDpB{  
Amass  He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.   A,tg268  
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up 4H;7GNu  
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang D "5|\  
Figure/digit/measure DTuco9yr[  
ambitious  These young men were ambitious for success and money. ;dMr2y`6  
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon W1<*9 O  
YpXd5;'  
amount  His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.   GM9[ 0+u;  
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up   h.]^o*DJ  
E2dS@!]V  
The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. re/u3\S  
sum/measure/quantity/price/value )m3emMO2  
<*z'sUh+}  
angle  Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect sC[#R.eq  
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment c^'bf_~-W  
theory/outlook "PElQBLP:  
[ ^\{>m7  
announce  He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. aM1WC 'c&)  
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known 3!@& 7@p  
+PLJ  
anticipate  A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. mt0v (  
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for @ N 'P?i  
k~:(.)Nr  
anything  The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all *y|w9 r p  
U?|A3; ,xh  
The apparent things might not tell of the truth. ;nbEV2Y<  
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain g#l!b%$  
R\n@q_!`X  
apart  Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.   CE  
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. :jkPV%!~  
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition @ YW uWF  
il{x?#Wrb  
He was appointed member of the committee. S/y(1.wh  
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for d^$cx(2$D  
rVsCJuxI  
appeal  I appeal to him for help.  implore/plead/beg $^ir3f+  
?wmu 0rR  
apply  Please apply to the secretary for further information. I Gb'ii=A  
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. [a$1{[|)  
@W(,|xES  
approve  Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove _}']h^@ Z  
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of /i Xl] <  
yJqDB$0  
arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. R*W1<W%q=  
Rise raise rouse arouse arise P&5vVA6K7  
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up GO][`zZJ]  
1uA-!T*e>  
artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. {O!;cI~  
Kb5}M/8  
ashamed /shameful   embarrassed/embarrassing  frustrated/frustrating  humiliated/humiliating e 1bV&  
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. @N> rOA  
HQ4WunH2Y  
acquaint  I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. WYCDEoqU2  
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate   Z Wx[@5  
R5uz <  
I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. T%}x%9VO7  
Assume  think  suppose  presume  suspect  understand  take for granted   |?' gT" #  
^MT20pL  
assure  I can assure you of my support.   =PLy^%  
confirm  assure   ensure   insure  convince  guarantee  pledge  promise   a,M/i&.e`  
X)[QEq^  
You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. `wLmGv+V  
Attain  gain  accomplish  finish  fulfill  realize   complete g@>y`AFnr  
a[lx&CHgI  
attribute  Jim attributes his success to hard work.  owe  ascribe   E/ku VZX  
xxdxRy9/  
avoid  You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. "rQ?2?  
Avoid  shun  escape  evade  keep away from   1b!  5h  
*nUa0Zg4q6  
The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. \WVY@eB  
Bar prohibit  exclude  forbid  shut out  block   obstruct 0R,Y[).U  
n6INI~,  
bargain  The dress is quite a bargain.  bargain  sale   u/?;J1z:  
3e^'mT  
basis  On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. 90$`AMR  
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. dF pP_U  
ground   foundation FC8= ru  
?[O Sy.6  
Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.   n 8e}8.Bu  
As soon as  before   the second   the minute  the moment   gJ Z9XLPC  
RveMz$Yy  
You can’t blame all this on me. v[?eL0Z  
He is the last one to blame for the accident. s8kkf5bu  
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn =G<S!qW  
HmEU;UbO-  
board  He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging.  food /meals \6Hu&WHy  
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team -Ar 3>d  
zd [cp@  
boast  You should not boast of your success. Brag show off #1f8A5<  
r|7hm:F)  
boom  Production boomed. D'Sdz\:4  
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper /F @a@m|  
KY;E.D`  
brief  It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No".  short -z L xT  
\LW '6 pQ_  
We are bound for London.   Head  make   )c<5:c  
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.   Likely  going to kv3jbSKCT  
There are no bounds to his ambition.  Limit confine restriction V?Zvu9b&  
G;pxB,4s5  
call  This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action.   (calls in calls at calls on calls for) jCbxI^3A  
They have called off their engagement. |"a%S,I'  
MA:8g D  
She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. 9Q%Fel.  
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful )zVD!eG_9  
T|[ o  
We should not doubt his capability. iPJZ%  
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency C"ZCX6p+$  
"VcG3.  
Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. wBXgzd%L  
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation K]q OLtc  
PV%7 m7=x  
There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. n2H2G_-L[  
Carry on  go on  keep on  continue  work on  be under way  be in process e&u HU8k*  
PF- sb&q  
case  In any case I shall return in a day or two.  If even if  for fear  on condition !g~xn2m$R  
|nj%G<  
center  She centered her attention on the problem. E$rn^keM  
Focus  concentrate  fix   @4b"0ne}h  
#.%;U' #O  
charge The charge against him was severe. MqI!i>  
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment T;}pMRd%  
0BIH.ZV#  
Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. *, o)`  
flexible   changeable   changing   ]#[ R^t  
m`-{ V<(M  
If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. H6*d#!  
Selection/preference/option/alternative I/MYS5}  
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. /'}O-h  
O&irgc!  
cling  She clung to the hope that he was still alive.   ,y?0Iwf  
Stick  adhere    hold  grasp (3"V5r`*;  
r/fLm8+  
close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. dGcG7*EX  
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. xq.,7#3  
7WW@%4(  
A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. K9gfS V>]  
Tip  information  news  wind  message  clue  evidence  sign  proof  key (~N &ov  
{v56k8uZ  
combine  Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.   KyNv)=x4c  
blend  mix   mingle  fuse  unite  couple  join b4s.`%U  
$v+Q~\'  
comment  I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet.  Remark   F\Ex$:%~  
criticism  judgment  decision  evaluation  criterion  standard   remark   BD9W-mF  
PygaW&9Z|d  
commit  I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is.   Devote  dedicate   WeE>4>^  
c63DuHA*C  
Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better.  Contrast r+;op_  
Poets have compared sleep to death. -Yy,L%E]F:  
She is lovely beyond compare. {d(@o!;Fi  
comparison  This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. 6fQN F22E  
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. Pp6(7j  
Comparable/comparative vu;pILN  
`\P#TBM  
compel  We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. ksT2_Ic  
Force  oblige  urge  require  drive  press  work hard on   push  prompt Tz]t.]!&E  
S.aSNH<  
He has formed a good habit. KQj5o>} 6  
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build |[;9$Vn  
Assemble/manufacture/produce Ua)ARi %  
<V#9a83JP  
Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses.  Required 9sifc<za  
u1xCn\  
compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. Ro`9Ibqr  
Consist of/ be made up of  / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise h W6og)x  
|?hNl2m  
comprehensive /Comprehensible i<l_z&  
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.   LWuciHfd+  
) RS*MEgA  
conscious  She was not conscious of his presence in the room.   Aware @k>}h\w  
Pk!RgoWF  
Considerate/considerable  It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. OZ3iH%  
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic c"Ddw'?e  
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful OOn{ Wp  
c! vtQ<h-  
contend  I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. W+d=BnOa8  
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel a,i k=g  
:sAb'6u1EU  
Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. 1t wC-rC  
continuously vs continually SEa'>UG  
k!l\|~  
convey  Words cannot convey how delighted I am.   express oJb${k<3  
Oo^kV:.)  
cope  Poor Mary!  She has so much to cope with.   ;c p*]  
deal with  live with  be put up with  tolerate  endure   bear   stand   be fed up with   /k8Lu+OJ  
g<pr(7jO  
correspond   vy&'A$ H  
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. '/8{Mx+  
n@|5PI"bx  
count   Her opinion counts because of her experience.   D$@5$./  
Matter  be of importance  significant O*0%AjT6  
'. 5&Z  
Don’t count on a salary increase this year. .n$c+ {  
believe  depended  count   confide  rely  depend  bank dRj2% Q f  
s krdL.5  
critical  If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.   uCkXzb9_z  
Crucial  urgent  pressing  decisive AXnRA W  
Ironic  faultfinding  picky  fastidious   sarcastic ^UU@7cSi|G  
3.?G,%S5.$  
cure  This medicine should cure you of your cold. Sc b'  
Remind  relieve  inform  deprive  rob   break   qzon);#7w  
2{U5*\FhVX  
It is not my custom to give in. ob3)bI oM  
Custom  habit  use  practice  manner  way  pattern  tendency  fashion  routine  nature Hk&op P9)  
wrP3:!=  
The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. R+sv?4k  
destruction damage  harm  ruin  injury  bruise  impact  spoil  wrong pain agony distress z)%Ke~)<\@  
grieve  hurt  impair  abuse  plague  epidemic              debris/trash/junk/rubbish ]{Y7mp dB  
c,>y1%V*S{  
decline  Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.   {CH5`&  
Diminish  decrease  fall  drop  dip  sink  reduce )FQxVT,.  
K<wg-JgA  
deep   They dived deep into the ocean. t,NE`LC  
She was deeply interested in classical music. #~}4< 18  
+MR]h [  
degree  She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent 6;C2^J@  
[n]C  
deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. g3|k-  
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over kxQ al  
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. jXPf}{^  
Demand/require/call for 4 :phq  
4Sz2 9\X  
deny  They denied her the opportunity to see her father. _|r/* (hh  
refuse     decline   rejects  turn down   %y)]Q|   
F4NM q&_  
die  She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. 7Y?59 [  
The storms are dying down. kfY. 9$(d  
The noise of the car died away in the distance. (}RTHpD  
The members of the family had all died off. f4O}WU}l{s  
This species has died out. |F4)&xN\  
<<DPer2  
Can you describe what he looks like? %0 p9\I  
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell I p<~ Y  
nP&6i5s%  
They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. e%km}mA  
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious Bx/)Sl@  
:*M2@  
She was in his eyes a devoted mother. `z^50Vh|  
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous 1! j^  
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. !<&To  
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ z57q |  
throw away/cast off/get rid of 5g`J}@"k  
gj7'4 3 ?W  
display  We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. 33ZHrZ  
Her writings display natural talents.   _VB;fH$  
Exhibit  show  indicate  specify  illustrate  demonstrate  expose  present 1@N4Y9o  
   bw)E;1zo  
distinct  Mice are distinct form rats. Mr*CJgy  
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar y(*5qa<>  
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. HqI[]T@  
Characteristic  explicit  definite  candid   unmistakable  expressive   direct S\ K[l /  
_} j6Pw'  
The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. RT2&^9-  
distinguish  tell  separate  divide   ac,<+y7A  
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. .kyes4Z  
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized 7H4\AG\>  
/prominent/important/superior 6o^O%:0g  
)afH:  
In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. 5k c?:U&  
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold _dc,}C  
l$!Z};mw0E  
diverse  There are people from diverse cultures at the party.  different  various  comprehensive ('`mPD,  
*c( J 4  
He refused to disclose his name and address. x&N@R?AG1  
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray P@<K&S+f  
@7sHFwtar?  
They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. iA4VT,  
The train drew in/into the station.  pull 8SBa w'a  
draw  pull  drag  push  heave  lift  haul   ]>0$l _V  
draw  crawl  creep  linger on  drag  near  be oncoming/ongoing U4lAo  
V oyRB2t  
She drove her car into the forest. Q@TeU#2 Y  
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride 2{G7ignv  
R_IT${O  
Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best.  Vs encourage OYOczb]  
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop (#Xgfb"S3  
?'$} k  
The shoes are expensive but durable. b:&= W>r  
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong |vj!,b88n#  
gT|&tTS1@  
It is your duty to go. c- [IgX e  
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role ?osYs<k \  
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort AVp"<Uv  
fM<g++X  
He is living an easy life now.   comfortable \qbEC.-K  
XE|"n  
It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. \U?{m)N  
economic/economical/economy ^p~3H  
   }& 01=nY  
He went to a very good elementary school. Wp=:|J   
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive Eqh&<]q  
.:;#[Z{-  
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. 4hV~ ir  
The acid has no effect on the metal. lJ<( mVt  
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. j,g.Eo  
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. ;4(FS  
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. y/ah<Y0(  
effect  force  power  practice   E2|c;{ c  
M+\LH  
She encouraged him to take this examination. cK2Us+h  
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire "cX*GTNi8  
5,?Au  
end  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. sKOy6v  
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. PciiDh~/  
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. tJ9`Ys  
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 2<+9lk  
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. CFx$r_!~  
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. W_G'wU3R  
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. ESv&x6H  
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. 6V c&g  
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. KfLp cV  
)Waz bT@  
He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. 6\?< :Qto  
entitle  qualify  authorize   enable   sanction  empower *.Ceb%W7C  
_cH 7lO[  
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. 626 !6E;T  
equip  provide <f`G@  
~m.@{Do0p  
They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company.  inclusive E 14Dq#L  
2:l8 RH!Y  
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. )]5}d$83  
exert  practice  exercise  impose  avail uVw|fT  
-.X-02  
He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. IXef}%1N?  
Existing  living  contemporary  lately—later---late---latter  current  recent   )R'~{;z }  
DZ Q=Sinry  
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.  live   face   come Th)Z?\8zk  
&udlt//^%  
Devotion is essential for work. aM| ^t:  
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable G\1\L*+0  
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent qKg*/)sD(  
"?UBW5nM#  
Nothing is everlasting. Q-}yZ  
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good %nfaU~IqK  
OWRT6R4v  
The bird extended its wings in flight. 8=U0\<wT  
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify a.yCd/  
TxD,A0  
Her nose is a very attractive feature. Xo:!U=m/#  
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark [Q2"OG@Q  
>qBQfz:U>  
Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? Io81zA  
In the favor :Ej#qYi  
The international situation is favorable to us.  Advantageous w+NdEE4H9z  
ROyG+dUy  
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. n@)Kf A)&  
Tension Excitement  Fear Nervousness  fuss  ado  chaos  confusion  turmoil  riot ,33[/j  
N%k6*FBp~  
After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. Y nzhvE  
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. j[Y$)HF  
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. axSJ:j8  
wavers    vibrates    swings  fluctuates   hesitates   quakes  trembles  shudders  Ip0~  
<:mV^tK  
There are fine distinctions between the two. =skw@ c ^  
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant {WE1^&Vk-}  
[ !ghI%VK  
Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. aeQvIob@  
Understand   comprehend   catch on   get   Y%FQ]Q=+  
`m.).Hda  
He gave a gift for my birthday. 5v f?E"\r  
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out !y&uK&1  
/hand out/turn in 3 ?1qI'5  
a5/6DK>  
He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. *v}8n95*2  
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent )AxgKBW  
ADTx _tE  
They grouped together in fours. N:j,9p0,  
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate "0Wi-52=V  
N%hV+># Z  
When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him.  Hang  loaf  loiter   EqN<""2  
9w^lRbn  
hit  She hit on a good title for her new novel.  Come across u?(@hUV.  
Her new film is quite a hit. success raWs6b4Q  
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor.  Affect 0W92Z@_GY  
1G0U}-6RH  
hold  She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. eI+<^p_j2  
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. _GoV\wGKl  
She always holds to her convictions. X"4 :#s  
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. fgiOYvIS2m  
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. 64)Fz}  
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. BB x359  
A. held on      B. held back      C. held out     D. held up BGtr=&Hq  
-C]k YQ  
identical  This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week.  the same as 9O8na 'w  
-/x= `S*  
If only I were rich!   :y/1Jf'2f  
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. WpPm|h  
pyvH [  
Immoral vs amoral p<eu0B_V  
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. I~^t\iujs  
GI+x,p  
It was he that initiated this project. v r=va5  
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice 04K[U9W3  
iS p +~  
Incentive  The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. S:bYeD4  
(excitement   initiative   motive   entertainment)  ?z hw0  
&d%\&fCm(  
We are in for trouble. *^ZJ&.  
He know the ins and outs of the problem. B(pxyv)  
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. ,4Q1[K35B  
TpAE9S  
A good teacher should be impartial to his students. e^LjB/<Th  
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched  unconcerned indifferent lm;Dy*|<  
~+A(zlYr~  
This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. ME0vXi  
inferior  superior  senior  junior  similar  prior .+07 Ui]I!  
URd0|?t9^L  
The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. w)rd--9f  
intellect  insight   perception   understanding  comprehension  wisdom  intuition ]<3n;*8k?  
W\c1QY$E  
No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. \,AE5hnO  
intangible  invisible r|_@S[hZg  
d-sT+4o}  
interfere /intervene  If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. 1dhuLN%Ce  
K8 =jkU  
He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. b8 ^O"oDrp  
testified   witnessed   justified  identified  notify  specify {;L,|(o^  
Ka_g3  
keep  I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself. g kM Q=;Nn  
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. :R{pV7<O  
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. 6!`GUU  
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it.  (to  /    up  on) [  *~2Ts  
Keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/uphold/bear/posess Tc.QzD\  
T4nWK!}z  
They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. .6=;{h4cpB  
Want/be in need/ fall short ~m'8<B5+  
uq2C|=M-x\  
large  The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. P;G]qV%  
By and large, the company has been good to me. Dr)jB*yK  
rJT YCe1*  
This is law and you can’t change as you wish. GBl[s,g[|  
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute *E wDwS$$  
xHD$0eq  
She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. cy(4g-b]@e  
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement 9SBTeJ$RZ  
X<D fzd oI  
She is the one that laid out the town. #tIeI6 Qw  
He was laid off for his ill performance. ^;9<7 h[l  
p'0X>>$  
liable likely probable    liable responsible accountable answerable ~: fSD0  
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. 4wN5x[vp  
m5o$Dus+?'  
She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive.  sd"eu  
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of 1bFGoLAEFl  
|)C #  
The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium. gBO ,  
alive   live   life    lively   living   lovely lbX YWZ ~7  
1cc~UQ  
I am not sure of the exact location of the café. >,QCKZH  
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation '1rGsfp6In  
Peo-t*-06  
Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease. JeN]sK)8x  
&Dt=[yqeG  
The mansion was splendid.  .^2.h  
Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful C }|.z  
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous 052Cf dq  
3 l}9'j  
I can’t make out what she wants. M~7Cb>%<  
The ship made for the open sea. &Z3%UOY  
What are we to make of his behavior? 1KY0hAx  
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life. =''WA:,=h  
He has made it up with her. A|4om=MO  
a~J!G:(  
A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.   8#HnV%|N  
Mentioned  quoted   referred to   ~]#-S20  
MGq\\hLD\-  
mood  I am not in the ______ for joking.  sentiment  emotion  mood  feeling  sentimentality sensation  sense  sensitivity   _BY+Tfol  
z]SEPYq:  
nerve  My children are always getting on my nerves. :nR80]  
b`$qKO  
Can you really afford this amount? {* :^K\-  
Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion Phk3Jv  
A (large) number of problems have arisen. Rnoz[1y?0  
The number of books stolen from the library is large. 0e+#{k  
The marks were below average. )/vom6y*   
Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual m?4hEwQxf  
5jso)`I L  
The method is ok; the problem is the procedure. S[2?,C<2=  
Method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/scheme/design/ /V{UTMSz  
gKl9Nkd!R  
The mutual benefit.  Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint i-w$-2w  
VBix8|  
observe  You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.   ]Ml  
Abide by/follow/obey/comply with   NJE*/_S  
7M4J{}9  
occur  Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from each other in many ways? 7l$ u.[  
{|hg3R~A  
We can afford to overlook these minor offenses. qEXN} Pq<  
Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over vpf.0!zh  
PuREqa\_[  
own  Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own? \eNB L[  
He’d like a car of his own. >W8" Ar  
Nobody owned up to the theft. UO&$1rV  
* 30K}&T  
This is a painstaking effort.  Careful RqGX(Iuv  
?RS:I%bL  
They walked the path every morning. KcpYHWCa.  
Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip [.fh2XrVM  
GJZjQH-#P  
peculiar  That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the country. ZSK_Lux>  
distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular     (m,H 5  
Nj3iZD|  
The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes. Pb>/b\&JS  
income    revenue   fund   payment  wages  finance  budget  expenditure   ws5Ue4g|  
3sdL\  
persist  It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he will get angry with you. y)&K9 I  
vE'{?C=EM  
I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor. :=;{w~D  
pleasing    pleasant    grateful    thankful   pleased   gracious  generous Ve|:k5z  
"}qs +  
point   She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in. ltgtD k  
As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once. lP`BKc,  
There's no point in arguing further. O7VEyQqf5  
He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. |EX=Rj*  
It is very rude to point at people in the street. .7^(~&5N  
If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles? /m"/#; ^l  
popular  populous  populated   aim\ 3y~  
A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. c**&,aL  
+m%%Bz>  
The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby. N7J?S~x  
courage  calmness  presence  bravery  boldness  will %r(WS_%K|  
lUs$I{2_  
preside  The chairman presided  at/over the meeting last Friday. Mz6(M,hkq  
dJ6fPB|k  
Virtue will prevail over evil. X%5eZ"1{x  
prevail  triumph  win   7:u+cv  
/VT/KT{  
In private/ in secret / in person N~O3KG q  
Matters like this are best discussed in private. !B%em%Tv  
Y)X7*iTi'j  
They are privileged people in the society. B{j><u xl  
Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor Cr7Zi>sd<!  
zg<-%r' $  
She gave him a prompt reply.   ):! =XhQ  
quick  rapid  fast  prompt  punctual instant  immediate  ready Dd5 9xNKm  
/=/ Ki%hh  
The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation  promises future  prospects) `]eJF|"  
QE(.w dHP  
provided   on condition   save  unless  given  suppose   say   eTx9fx w  
I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid. W%g*sc*+  
Wgls+<l8  
put  She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement. LBK{-(%  
They decided to put aside their differences. g^]Iw~T6$  
She help her put the toys away. )Fv.eIBY  
She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform. fkzSX8a9}  
We had to put off our wedding until September. ccuGM WG*  
We can put you up for the night. ^}=)jLS  
I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her. ]^~}/@  
FbE/x$;~O  
Racial problems exist in everyday life. PdcIHN  
Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture 2!/Kt O)i^  
LlQsc{ Ddf  
range  scope  extent  His speech ranged over a number of topics. >D,Oav  
Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere G68KoM  
reach  All these were within the reach of the ordinary men. m+Ye`]  
Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children. q9/v\~m  
He reached for his gun. K&L!O3#(  
ANhtz1Fl  
Her requirements are reasonable. Yr9'2.%Q  
Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justifiable MgJ6{xzz  
My favorite recreation is chess. aDbqh~7  
Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/fun 3B&A)&pEO  
x%B_v^^^  
They had to seed refuge from the storm. T`bYidA  
Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection &GP(yj]  
$p0nq&4c  
I have registered for the English course. 2}vibDq p  
Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form Q]k< Y  
+ Iyyk02V  
receive  accept U zy @\  
I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency. ]&*POri&  
 =z.j{%  
red  black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red. #I/P9)4  
1V%tev9a  
regard  Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the position of some other object or objects. Y6jyU1>  
I have little information as regards his past.  U4!bW  
She said nothing regarding your request. "<CM 'R  
Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family. ;2f= d_/x  
Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards. 2f,8Jnia  
They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the people. ]*2),H1 c  
(attention  regard  intention  stress) noZbsI4  
h3MdQlJ&  
relevant  His age isn't relevant to whether he is a good teacher. }LUvh  
'n &p5%  
Reluctant  Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.  Unwilling ?WI v4  
x93@[B*%  
remedy  The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy's illness. t~+M>Fjm?d  
Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct PQHztS"  
,1 -%C)  
respect  With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter. *lfjsrPu  
Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about q\fbrv%I4  
K9<8F Sn  
In this respect the film is a failure. (X Z[-M7  
respectful   respective   respectable  respected *p{p.%Qs:  
Teams of rescue have been sent out ____ to look for the missing members of the crew. V.~kG ,Ht  
dwA"QVp{  
His limp is the result of an accident. 1$*8F  
Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion /X}1%p  
x\yM|WGL  
risk  He saved my life at the risk of losing his own. ;}B=g/C  
He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. ZU\$x<,  
The future of the whole company is at risk. ,:S#gN{U  
Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose !r/i<~'Bx  
bb_elmb)n  
They rose up against foreign invaders. rZI63S  
Rebel  revolt   riot   Xu{y5 N  
lxn/97rA  
I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted.  exWQ~&  
I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week. HNZ$CaJh  
We are running out of time. z_c-1iXCW  
qnP4wRpr  
He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years. p{E(RsA  
Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/order/instruct > ?+Rtg|${  
Guide/influence/handle/regulate ruaZ(R[  
~}OaX+!  
scale  Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale. |gkNhxzB  
scratch  He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again from scratch. 4~ x>]  
,ei9 ?9J1  
I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended. UP#@gxF  
We all went to the airport to see her off. shw?_#?1dy  
Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister. 9Qyc!s`  
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting? L|[i<s;  
O72g'qFPE  
I must set about packing now. -zECxHj x  
Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. AMrYT+1  
Let’s set aside my personal feelings. /l `zZ>  
She set out/forth at dawn. ?g1eW q&  
He is set on going to university. kQI'kL8>  
gV)/lDEM5  
settle   You should settle your affairs before you leave. %)i&|AV"  
When are you going to marry and settle down. aPJTH0u  
Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend Ry[7PLn]  
|X{j^JP 5  
short  All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations. :U\* 4l  
Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt. +;+G+Tn  
Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. 2Ys=/mh  
He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their education. 9#[,{2pJr  
His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. rk=/iD  
The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron. 7 \xCNOKh  
The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. 6O?zi|J[:  
cvw17j  
spirit  The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. aVr(*s;/  
I went back and found them in high/low spirits. >~d 'i  
*~U*:>hS  
stock  The sugar is out of stock. uznqq}  
OGEe8Z9Jt  
They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation. )E9c6'd  
We are subject to the law of the land. ~F@p}u8TV  
Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme )fo0YpE^|  
cZ%tJ(&\7X  
sympathize  We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent. ;/NC[:'$D  
sympathy  Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point. I_# 5gq  
0fj C>AS  
attraction     temptation @|h9jx|  
As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered. 1N65 M=)  
Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce {$t*XTY6R  
_{):w~zi  
thought  On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you. ,e|"p[z ~T  
Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid. X<_HQ  
trace  Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident. Qu<6X@+5  
trade   he traded in his car for a new model. X}G$ON  
E el*P M  
He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money. IjO BY  
trick   deceive   cheat  betray  fool   VZ IY=Q>g  
&b>&XMIK  
what he said is true. )AEtW[~D  
True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate 3ouy-SQ  
>+<b_q|P  
turn  We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out by turns. ?=)lbSu K  
He picked up all the books in turn and examined them. |3FGMg%  
I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out. Kt qOA[6  
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings. "N'W~XPG  
He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times. vC1fKo\p  
We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. *BrGh  
He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. [QMN0#(h  
(turned in  turned down  turned out   turned to) JXRU9`3)A  
C(h<s e?  
I don’t think she is the artistic type. m<#^c?u  
Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character G3y8M |:  
UsA fZg8  
Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion. &'zc2  
Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last I *N v|HST  
y4@gw.pt  
Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn. D=%1?8K  
Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit y5*zyd  
(#6Fg|f4Y  
This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine what they joked about.  ( virtually   virtuously   virtual    actual) c zT2f  
o,?G(  
By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? ]zAwKuIK  
In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice. p<\!{5:   
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well. QEut@L  
We must not give way to their demands. N3lz-vP-  
You can’t have everything your own way. WB_BEh[>j  
He has done nothing out the way yet. LibQlNW\  
The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river.  ( gave way  gave to  gave in  gave up) (x\VGo  
vm;%713#1  
We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on this project.
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